1,720,994 research outputs found
A brief comment on the Culture of Security
No full textThe issue of safety culture is often at the center of the debate in recent years.
On the other hand, security in itself emerges forcefully as a need to which it is urgent to respond: citizens ask for it in every country and, more often than not, the response of politics is not able to satisfy this need
Management of no-reflow
No full textDespite considerable progress in percutaneous coronary interventions, the phenomenon of coronary no-reflow (NR) still represents a serious problem. It occurs when cardiac tissue fails to perfuse normally despite opening of the occluded vessel. The consequences of NR include infarct expansion, early congestive heart failure, ventricular arrhythmias and adverse left ventricular remodeling. All the actions that improve myocardial tissue perfusion should convert into a better prognosis and a better clinical outcome. The pathophysiology of NR is still not fully elucidated, and several mechanisms are proposed, with microvascular obstruction as the leading one. Despite considerable progress in the identification of the risks to NR development, no specific therapies have been developed so far. In this review, pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions that might improve coronary blood flow are discussed
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
A high-resolution RNA expression atlas of Retinitis Pigmentosa genes in the human and mouse retinas
No full textHigh Resolution Gene Expression Analysis in the Human Retina
No full textPurpose:: Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is the most common form of hereditary retinal degeneration, with a prevalence of about 1:4000. To better elucidate the pathogenetic bases of RP, it is essential to gain detailed information about the expression of RP genes in the human retina. Unfortunately, to date, little information is available on expression patterns in the human retina of RP genes at the cellular level and the current knowledge is inferred through the analysis of the mouse. To overcome this lack of information, we decided to generate an expression atlas of the 34 known genes responsible for RP in both human and murine eyes.
Methods:: We retrieved appropriate templates for 34 genes responsible for Retinitis pigmentosa and we used them to perform RNA in situ hybridization (ISH) studies on human and murine adult eye cryosections.
Results:: The majority of the analyzed RP genes showed similar expression patterns between human and mouse adult retina. Of notice is that expression patterns of a subset of human RP genes significantly differ from their mouse orthologs. The most interesting differences were observed in the expression patterns of genes known to be involved in the visual cycle process. LRAT, RPE65, RLBP1 and RGR genes show significant differences in the expression between human and mice. Interestingly, some of these genes do not have a uniform expression pattern throughout human retina. Precisely, higher levels of expression were observed in the central part of the retina, as compared with the peripheral part. This differential mRNA distribution may reflect the differences between mouse and human retinas, and in particular the presence of the macular area in the human eye.
Conclusions:: We generated a comprehensive expression atlas of genes involved in RP and carried out a detailed comparative analysis of gene expression in adult retina between human and mouse. This atlas will be a valuable tool to acquire novel hints on the putative function of some RP genes in the human retina and to translate research performed in the murine models of RP to human
A high-resolution RNA expression atlas of Retinitis Pigmentosa genes in the human and mouse retinas
Full text linkPURPOSE. Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is one of the leading causes of visual handicap in the world population and is characterized by high genetic heterogeneity. The study of the disease mechanisms and the development of efficient therapeutic approaches have mostly relied on the availability of animal models for this condition, so far. Nevertheless, little information is available about the RNA expression profiles of RP genes in the human retina. An expression atlas of 34 known RP genes in human and murine retinas was generated to overcome this lack of information. METHODS. Appropriate templates were retrieved for 34 RP genes that were used to perform RNA in situ hybridization studies on human and murine adult eyes. RESULTS. Most of the genes displayed similar patterns between human and mouse retina. Different expression patterns were observed for the CNGB1, USH2A, and FSCN2 genes, compared with those in previously reported profiles. In addition, different expression profiles were detected for the RPGR, CA4, PAP1, RGR, and RLBP1 genes in human and mouse retinas. CONCLUSIONS. The first gene expression atlas has been generated of RP genes in human and murine retinas. Differences observed in the expression patterns of some genes in humans and mice, will open new perspectives on the function of these genes and their putative roles in disease pathogenesis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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