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EFFECT OF IPRATROPIUM BROMIDE AND/OR SODIUM CROMOGLYCATE PRETREATMENT ON WATER -INDUCED BRONCHOCONSTRICTION IN ASTHMA
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EFFECT OF IPRATROPIUM BROMIDE AND/OR SODIUM CROMOGLYCATE PRETREATMENT ON WATER -INDUCED BRONCHOCONSTRICTION IN ASTHMA
No full textAngiogenesis in Bronchial Biopsies of Symptomatic Smokers with and without Lung Cancer
No full textPathological angiogenesis has been demonstrated in lung cancer and in chronic airway inflammatory diseases such as asthma, chronic bronchitis, and COPD.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether the degree of bronchial angiogenesis in non-neoplastic mucosa of sympthomatic cigarette smokers could be influenced by the presence of a concomitant lung cancer.
An immunohistochemical study was performed on GMA embedded bronchial biopsies obtained from 37 smokers: 17 without lung cancer (9 with chronic bronchitis, 8 with COPD), 20 with a contralateral non-small cell lung cancer (10 with chronic bronchitis, 10 with COPD). The number of vessels and the percentage of vascular area in the lamina propria were assessed using monoclonal antibody against CD31. An image processing and analysis system was used to quantify the immunohistochemical data. The study was conformed to the declaration of Helsinki and all patients gave their written informed consent.
Our data show that the number of vessels and the percentage of vascular area in the lamina propria are not significantly different in smokers with and without contralateral lung cancer (p = 0.341 and 0.534 respectively).
The results of the study suggest that the presence of lung cancer does not influence the degree of bronchial angiogenesis in non-neoplastic airways of smokers with chronic bronchitis or COPD
La contrazione della muscolatura liscia delle vie aeree: aspetti biochimici e fisiopatologici
No full textVascular remodelling in COPD airways
No full textThe role played by bronchial vasculature in the remodelling process occurring in the airways of smokers with and without COPD has been poorly investigated.Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is the most potent and widely distributed angiogenic factor known to date. αvβ3 integrin, an adhesion molecule expressed only at low levels on resting endothelium, is upregulated in new capillaries proliferating in response to angiogenic stimuli. We performed an immunohistochemical study on bronchial biopsies taken from 8 non-smokers, 9 smokers with normal lung function (GOLD 0) and 9 smokers with moderate COPD (GOLD 2). We evaluated in the lamina propria: 1) the number of vessels and the percentage of vascular area 2) the cellular expression of VEGF and 3) the vascular expression of αvβ3. Results did show that the number of vessels, the vascular area, the cellular expression of VEGF, the number and percentage of αvβ3 positive vessels were significantly higher in both GOLD 0 and GOLD 2 smokers than in non-smokers. The comparison between GOLD 0 and GOLD 2 smokers did show a weak but significantly lower number of vessels in GOLD 2, while the vascular area and the percentage of αvβ3 positive vessels did not differ between the two groups. A higher VEGF expression was detected in the GOLD 2 than in the GOLD 0 group. Our data suggest that angiogenesis of bronchial vessels is a significant component of the airway remodelling occurring in symptomatic smokers with normal lung function and with COPD. The angiogenetic process seems to be independent by the development of airway obstruction and not related to its severity
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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