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Islamic commercial writings in terms of political, social and cultural aspects -sample works of Kitâbü'l-Harâc by Ebû Yûsuf: v. 182/798) and Kitâbü'l-Emvâl by Ebû Ubeyd (v. 224/838)
Get PDFYüksek Lisans Tezi Yök Merkezi No:357846Bu tezde Ebû Yûsuf'un (v. 182/798), Kitâbü'l-Harâc ve Ebû Ubeyd'in (v. 224/838), Kitâbü'l-Emvâl adlı eserlerinde verilen bilgiler siyasi ve sosyal tarihe kaynaklık etmesi yönüyle ele alınarak incelenmiştir. Genel de mâli hukuk alanında yazılmış eserler olarak karşılaştığımız harâc ve emvâl kitapları özellikle ilk dönem itibarıyla salt maliye hukuk sahasında bize bilgiler aktaran kaynaklar olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Ebû Yûsuf'un "Kitâbü'l-Harâc" isimli eseri harâc kitapları arasında yazılmış günümüze ulaşan ilk eser olma niteliği taşımaktadır. Harûn Reşîd'in isteği üzerine kaleme alınan bu eser, maliye hukuk alanında yazılmış bir eser olmasına rağmen Ebû Yûsuf'un çeşitli konulardaki görüşlerine delillendirmek için Hz Peygamber ve sahabe dönemi uygulamalarından bahsetmektedir. Özellikle Hz Peygamber ve Hz. Ömer dönemi uygulamalarının yoğun bir şekilde işlendiği görülmüştür. Emvâl Kitaplarından birisi olan Ebû Ubeyd'in "Kitâbü'l-Emvâl" adlı eserinde Hz. Peygamberin çeşitli zamanlarda yazmış olduğu mektup ve anlaşmalar geniş bir şekilde yer almaktadır. Ayrıca kendi dönemine kadar olan siyasi ve sosyal olaylarla ilgili bilgiler de vermektedir. Bu iki eserin içerisinde dağınık bir halde bulunan bilgileri kronolik bir sıra içerisinde belli başlıklar altında toplayarak anlamlı bir bütün olamasın da çaba göstererek değerlendirdik.In this thesis, information given in the written works Kitâbü-l Harâc by Ebû Yûsuf (v. 182/798) and Kitâbü-l Emvâl by Ebû Ubeyd (v. 224/838) are examined in aspects of political and social history. Harâc and Emvâl books, which are about the law in general, are detected that they are not the sources that inform us in the area of first period financial law. Kitâbü-l Harâc by Ebû Yûsuf is qualified as the first work ever written about harac. Although this work which was written at the request of Harûn Reşîd is about financial law, it mentions about applications of periots of Prophet Muhammed and Sahabes to support Ebû Yûsuf's thoughts. Especially applications in Prophet Muhammed and Caliph Omer periods are commonly seen in this work. There are letters and contracts written and made by Prophed Muhammed in various times in Ebû Ubeyd's Kitâbü-l Emvâl which is one of the Emvâl books. It also gives information about political and social events untill his term. I gathered the scattered information and put them in cronological order with certain titles in these two works in order to make them meaningful
British Orientalist Edward Sell's view of siyer and the perception of the Prophet Muhammad
No full textDoktora TeziTarihi süreç içinde oryantalistler, farklı perspektif ve metodolojiler kullanarak Hz. Peygamber hakkında birçok eser kaleme almış ve günümüze kadar zengin bir literatür oluşturmuşlardır. Şarkiyatçılar bu çalışmalarını, İslam'ın ilk yıllarından günümüze kadar bir miras olarak sonraki nesillere aktarmışlardır. Tarihi ve teolojik olarak Batı ve Müslümanlar arasında önemli bir konuma sahip olan bu eserler hem araştırmacıların hem de onları takip eden insanların ilgisini çekmiştir. “İngiliz Müsteşrik Edward Sell’in Siyere Bakışı ve Hz. Muhammed Algısı” başlıklı bu çalışmada Edward Sell’in eserlerinde Hz. Peygamber’e dair verdiği bilgiler çerçevesinde Hz. Peygamber’e bakışı ortaya koymaya çalışılmıştır. Bu amacı gerçekleştirirken Sell'in verdiği bilgiler temel siyer ve İslam tarihi kaynaklarında yer alan rivayetlerle detaylı bir şekilde karşılaştırılmıştır. Bir taraftan rivayet farklılıkları analiz edilerek benzerlikleri ve farklılıkları ortaya konmaya çalışılırken, diğer taraftan Sell ile birlikte hem kendi döneminde yaşayan oryantalistlerin hem de halefi olan oryantalistlerin görüşlerine de yer verilmeye gayret edilmiştir. Bu araştırmada oryantalizm düşüncesinin Hz. Peygamber algısına makro bir bakış içerisinde mikro bir alan olarak belirlediğimiz Edward Sell’in Hz. Muhammed algısı derinlemesine bir çalışma yaparak ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Araştırma giriş ve iki bölümden oluşmaktadır. Giriş bölümünde oryantalizm, oksidentalizm, Edward Sell’in hayatı ve eserleri hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Birinci bölümde kronolojik sıralamayla, Hz. Muhammed’in hayatının Mekke dönemi, vahiy öncesi ve sonrası olmak üzere iki ana başlık altında ele alınmıştır. İkinci bölümde ise Hz. Muhammed’in Medine hayatı incelenmiştir. Araştırmada şarkiyatçı ve aynı zamanda bir misyoner olan Edward Sell’in Hz. Peygamber için çizdiği portre tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır.Throughout history, Orientalists have written numerous works about the Prophet Muhammad using different perspectives and methodologies, creating a rich body of literature that continues to this day. Orientalists have been passed down their studies as a legacy to subsequent generations from the early years of Islam to the present day. These works, which hold an important position historically and theologically among both Western and Muslim scholars, have attracted the interest of both researchers and those who follow them. In the study titled "British Orientalist Edward Sell's View of Siyer and the Perception of the Prophet Muhammad" we have aimed to reveal Edward Sell's perspective on the Prophet Muhammad, based on the information he provided in his works. For this purpose, we have conducted a detailed comparison of the information provided by Sell with the narratives found in primary sources of Siyer and Islamic history. On one hand, we have aimed to highlight similarities and differences by analyzing narrative discrepancies, while on the other hand, we have tried to include the views of both the Orientalists who lived during Sell's time and those who have followed in his footsteps. In this research, we have attempted to present Edward Sell's perception of Prophet Muhammad as a micro area within a macro perspective of Orientalist thought regarding the perception of the Prophet. Through an in-depth study, we have sought to uncover his views on the Prophet Muhammad. The research consists of an introduction and two sections. The introduction provides information about Orientalism, Occidentalism, and the life and works of Edward Sell. In the first section, we have examined the life of Prophet Muhammad during the Meccan period, categorized into two main headings: before and after the revelation, in chronological order. The second section focuses on the life of Prophet Muhammad in Medina. The study aims to identify the portrayal of Prophet Muhammad by Edward Sell, who was both an Orientalist and a missionary
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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