28 research outputs found
Viaggiatori ed eruditi in Abruzzo tra Settecento e Ottocento
No full textL'intervento si propone di analizzare per grandi linee quali furono i protagonisti e le dinamiche sottostanti alla nascita e all'affermazione del Grand Tour in Abruzzo, regione adriatica del Meridione italiano rimasta quasi del tutto isolata dalle mete culturali straniere prima dell'età napoleonica
The Role of Mifepristone in Cervical Maturation and Induction of Labor: A Narrative Review of the Literature
No full textBackground: The objective of this review is to demonstrate the efficacy of mifepristone as an inducing agent of labor by analyzing its impact on cervical maturation and maternal and neonatal outcomes. The research results showed that mifepristone facilitates cervical ripening and enhances uterine sensitivity. Methods: A narrative review of the literature was conducted to descriptively summarize and compare available data. No formal meta-analytic model was applied. The analysis was descriptive and based on pooled aggregated data without the use of inferential modeling. Studies published through November 2024 were retrieved using the Medline, Ovid, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. The search was based on a combination of keywords: “mifepristone”, “induction”, and “labor”. Randomized clinical trials and prospective and retrospective studies concerning full-term pregnancies with unfavorable cervices were included, while studies concerning termination of pregnancy or intrauterine death were excluded. The outcomes analyzed included cesarean section rates, neonatal intensive care unit admissions, and oxytocin and prostaglandin use. Results: Ten studies were analyzed, with a total of 1561 patients. The use of mifepristone showed a reduction in the use of oxytocin (RR = 0.84; 95% CI: 0.70–1.01), although this difference did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.065), and a highly significant reduction in prostaglandin use (42.7% vs. 78.9%; RR = 0.54; 95% CI: 0.48–0.60; p < 0.0001), with no significant difference in cesarean section rate (18.9% vs. 23.6%; RR = 0.80; 95% CI: 0.63–1.01; p = 0.068). However, a significantly higher rate of neonatal ICU admissions was observed in the mifepristone group (13.9% vs. 9.3%; RR = 1.48; 95% CI: 1.08–2.02; p = 0.014). Only studies excluding patients with a previous cesarean section were included for the analyses of cesarean sections, oxytocin, and prostaglandin use, while all studies were retained for NICU evaluation. Conclusions: Mifepristone represents a promising option for labor induction due to its ability to improve cervical maturation and reduce the need for additional uterotonic agents. Our pooled analysis confirmed a significant reduction in prostaglandin and oxytocin use, and a non-significant trend toward fewer cesarean deliveries. However, the observed increase in NICU admissions in the mifepristone group raises important concerns regarding neonatal safety. Further studies are needed to investigate whether this association reflects underlying clinical factors, variations in NICU admission policies, or a true pharmacological effect. Future research should focus on optimizing dosing regimens, identifying patient subgroups who benefit most, and clarifying neonatal outcomes through long-term follow-up
Micromechanical study and simulation of the interlaminar failure of a woven composite laminate
No full textThe laminate load bearing capability is often compromised by the interlaminar failure even though the integrity of the individual lamina remains intact. The out-of-plane components of the stress tensor, defined at the interfaces between plies, are typically responsible for the delamination of multi-layered materials. Failure models for delamination usually make use of both shear and normal interlaminar stresses but their reliable calculation by finite element analysis requires cautions and special techniques. This is particularly true for woven composites in which the fabric architecture may generate unexpected local normal stresses and consequently influence the fracture occurrence. In this paper a numerical analysis was performed using layered solid elements to predict the global response of the laminate. Then sub-modeling techniques are used with several solid elements through the layer thickness in order to obtain accurate interlaminar stresses in the critical regions. As case study, the short-beam configuration under three-point bending condition was selected. Experimental tests show a reduction of the maximum interlaminar shear stress at failure as effect of the span-depth ratio increase for a given laminate thickness. That evidence, assuming a homogenized material behavior, is unpredicted because the span-depth ratio increase has no significant influence on the interlaminar stresses. The work aims to clarify this not well explained phenomenon with a micromechanics approach
Segnalazione del primo ritrovamento di Bursaphelenchus poligraphi associato a Polygraphus poligraphus in Italia
No full textI cambiamenti climatici, caratterizzati da eventi estremi come intense nevicate, venti forti e prolungate siccità, hanno indebolito le
foreste di abete rosso (Picea abies) in Italia, rendendole così più vulnerabili agli attacchi di coleotteri scolitidi autoctoni, tipicamente
associati a questa conifera, quali Ips typographus e Pityogenes chalcographus. I coleotteri scolitidi hanno un ruolo ecologico
significativo nelle foreste, che tuttavia può trasformarsi in una minaccia fitosanitaria per le piante ospiti, specialmente in condizioni
di stress ambientali.
In questo lavoro è stata posta l’attenzione sulla specie Polygraphus poligraphus L. (Coleoptera Curculionidae Scolytinae), associata
per la prima volta all’abete rosso in popolamenti appenninici quali Abetone (Regione Toscana) e Montedimezzo (Regione Molise), sia
in aree naturali che in piantagioni artificiali, evidenziando la sua capacità di espandersi in diversi ambienti. Inoltre, la sua azione
sinergica con le specie di scolitidi sopraccitati ha contribuito al declino dell’abete rosso, specialmente in popolamenti situati al di
fuori del loro areale naturale e quindi più vulnerabili.
Durante i monitoraggi condotti nel 2024 per la valutazione dello stato fitosanitario di popolamenti di abete rosso nel territorio
appenninico, sono stati prelevati campioni di legno e corteccia e di insetti adulti di P. poligraphus su piante che mostravano attacchi
dello scolitide. I campioni raccolti sono stati analizzati presso il Laboratorio di Nematologia del CREA-DC di Firenze. Per valutare
l’eventuale presenza di nematodi, i campioni di legno e corteccia sono stati estratti mediante il metodo delle bacinelle di
Oostenbrink e gli insetti sono stati esaminati tramite osservazione diretta allo stereomicroscopio.
Dal legno proveniente dal sito toscano (Abetone) e dal legno e dagli insetti adulti raccolti in Molise è stato estratto, per la prima
volta in Italia, il nematode Bursaphelenchus poligraphi Fuchs (1937), appartenente al gruppo sexdentati e noto finora solo in Francia,
Germaniania e Slovacchia. L’identificazione della specie è stata realizzata tramite analisi morfologica e molecolare. Le misurazioni
effettuate su esemplari maschi e femmine sono conformi a quelle riportate in letteratura.
Questo ritrovamento conferma il legame tra nematode-scolitide, come evidenziato in letteratura. In particolare, lo scolitide P.
poligraphus è già riconosciuto come il principale vettore del nematode B. poligraphi
How to make universal, voluntary testing for COVID-19 work? A behavioural economics perspective
No full textTesting is widely seen as one core element of a successful strategy to curtail the COVID-19 pandemic and many countries have increased their effort s to provide testing at large scale. As most democratic governments refrain from enacting mandatory testing, a key emerging challenge is to increase voluntary participation. Using behavioural economics insights complemented with data from a novel survey in the US and a survey experiment in Luxembourg, we examine behavioural factors associated with the individual willingness to get tested (WTT). In our analysis, individual characteristics that correlate positively with WTT include age, altruism, conformism, the tendency to abide by government-imposed rules, concern about contracting COVID-19, and patience. Risk aversion, unemployment, and conservative political orientation correlate negatively with WTT. Building on and expanding these insights may prove fruitful for policy to effectively raise people's propensity to get tested. (c) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Hypnerotomachia Poliphili e Roma. Metodologie euristiche per lo studio del Rinascimento
No full textFino ad ora sottovalutati perché difficilmente dimostrabili, in realtà gli scambi culturali tra gli artisti e i letterati hanno contribuito a caratterizzare l’originalità del Rinascimento italiano. Pinturicchio lavora al pavimento del Duomo di Siena e nella
Libreria Piccolomini appaiono evidenti citazioni del Polifilo. Andrea Mantegna e Pomponio Leto, fondatore dell’Accademia Romana, sono compresenti nell’Accademia dei Vertunni di Brescia mentre Giovanni Bellini, che aveva una vigna a Roma dove venne ritrovato uno specchio antico, dipingeva il ritratto di Raffaele Zovenzoni autore dei celebri versi in onore di Francesco Colonna antiquario. Tra gli estimatori del Polifilo anche Jacopo Galli, il banchiere che comprò il Bacco, prima opera romana del giovane
Michelangelo Buonarroti. Baldassarre Peruzzi riuscì a rifondare Carpi secondo l’immagine di una novella Roma usando i consigli e le direttive del colto Alberto III Pio allievo di Aldo Manuzio il vecchio, editore dell’Hypnerotomachia. Il pittore Amico Aspertini, come anche l’antiquario carmelitano Fabrizio Ferrarini, si ispirarono ai fregî antichi della città di Roma che furono valorizzati in modo esemplare dalle xilografie in stile egizio del Polifilo di Francesco Colonna romano signore di Palestrina.Neglected as difficult to prove until now, the cultural exchanges among artists and men of letters chiefly contributed to shape the originality of the Italian Renaissance. Pinturicchio worked for the pavement decoration of the Sienese Duomo and the Libreria Piccolomini hosts overt references to the Hypnerotomachia. Andrea Mantegna and Pomponio Leto, who was the founder of the Accademia Romana, are both attested in the Accademia dei Vertunni in Brescia, while Giovanni Bellini, who owned a land in Rome in which an ancient mirror was found, painted the portrait of Raffaele Zovenzoni, the author of renowned versed dedicated to the antiquarian Francesco Colonna. Among the appraisers of the Hypnerotomachia, Jacopo Galli was the banker who purchased the Bacchus, the first Roman work of the young Michelangelo Buonarroti. Baldassarre Peruzzi succeeded in reshaping Carpi according to the model of a novel Rome, profiting from the suggestions and guidelines of the erudite Alberto III Pio, a pupil of Aldo Manuzio the Elder, who published the Hypnerotomachia. The painter Amico Aspertini, as well as the Carmelite antiquarian Fabrizio Ferrarini, took inspiration from the antique friezes of Rome, which were remarkably enhanced by the Egyptian-like woodcuts in the Hypnerotomachia, written by the Roman Francesco Colonna nobleman of Palestrina
Venetian cardinals at the Papal Court during the pontificates of Sixtus IV and Innocent VIII : 1471-1492
No full textThe histories of particular cities and states within that myriad-faceted
slice of civilisation, the Renaissance in Italy, have received
more scholarly attention than have the diplomatic, ecclesiastical and
cultural connections between them. This study is part of a balance-redressing
process. Senior clerics traversed frontiers, owing
allegiance to their native state, their benefices and, above all, to
the Papacy. The purpose of this exploration of the curial careers of
four later quattrocento Venetian cardinals is essentially twofold : to
account for relations between Venice and the Papacy with reference to
individuals who were at once Venetian patricians and princes of the
Church; and to examine the cardinals' responses to this situation in
terms of political, ecclesiastical and cultural patronage. Where did
their loyalty lie? To Venice, with its perennial suspicion of the
Church and peculiar notion of the characteristics of a Venetian
cardinal? Or to the Pope, expressing overt hostility towards the
Republic in the War of Ferrara and placing it under an interdict?
Chapter one sets Merco Barbo, Pietro Foscari, Giovanni Michiel and
Giovanni Battista Zeno in a Venetian context. Chapters two and three
chart relations between the two powers, from the exposure of Cardinal
Zeno's involvement in a scheme to transmit Venetian state secrets to
Rome in exchange for ecclesiastical preferment, through to Ermolao
Barbaro's controversial appointment to the patriarchate of Aquileia,
via the short-lived Papal-Venetian league negotiated by Cardinal
Foscari in 1480. The fourth chapter considers their proximity to the
Supreme Pontiff and how their material fortunes varied under popes
Sixtus and Innocent, after which an assessment of the nature, extent
and effectiveness of their patronage is divided between chapters five
and six, focussing pa.rticularly on Venetian connections. Despite
diverging careers, it is concluded that all were bound by variations
of the Venetian inheritance
Von Andreas Gryphius zu Uwe Timm: deutsche Parallelwege in der Aufnahme von Italiens Kunst, Poesie und Politik
No full textDeutsche Parallelwege in der Aufnahme von italiens Kunst, Poesie und Politik beabsichtigen das Italien-Bild aufgrund von jeweils zwei Texten deutscher Autoren, vornehmlich des späten 18. und des 19. Jahrhunderts zu untersuchen. Es wird z. B. die Bewertung der kunst der italienischen Renaissance bei Goethe und Wackenroeder thematisiert oder der deutsche Blick auf italienische Politik von zwei grundverschiedenen Autoren wie Karl Grün und Heinrich Hansjakob sowie als Nachklang bei Uwe Timm im späten 20. Jahrhundert behandelt. Ziel der Textanalyse ist weniger ein wertender Vergleich der beiden ausgewählten Autoren als vielmehr die Differenzen und Ahnlichkeiten sowohl in der literarischen Darbietung als auch im Blick auf Italien bei einem gleichen Thema klarer zum Vorschein kommen zu lassen. L’autore descrive l’immagine dell’Italia (arte, poesia, antropologia e politica) così come essa è rappresentata nella letteratura tedesca da Andreas Gryphius (1644) fino a Uwe Timm (1989). Attraverso l’analisi di testi di Andreas Gryphius, Johann Caspar, Johann Wolfgang Goethe, Wilhelm Heinrich Wackenroder, Joseph von Eichendorff, Johann Wilhelm von Archenholtz, Gustav Nicolai, Viktor Hehn, Paul Heyse, Ludwig Tiek, August Wilhelm Schlegel, Friedrich Schiller, Karl Grün, Heinrich Hansjakob, Theodor Fontane, Norbert C. Kaser e Uwe Timm vengono affrontate di riflesso le opere di Andrea Palladio, Carlo Cattaneo, Giuseppe Mazzini e Francesco De Sanctis in relazione sia al mito romantico del Rinascimento italiano sia a quello del Romanticismo tedesco nel Risorgimento italiano. Tematizzato viene poi il mito di Garibaldi versus Pio IX, e quello del comunismo nell’Italia meridionale del secondo Ottocento in relazione alla figura Antonio Gramsci nel 1933; quindi l’Italia come utopia romantica nel primo Ottocento e il paesaggio italiano come paradiso terrestre alla metà dello stesso secolo; infine, l’immagine di Roma moderna come città eterna
Giulio Romano, Giovan Francesco Penni e la cappella di Santa Maria Maddalena nella SS. Trinità dei Monti: nuove osservazioni sulla decorazione e la sua committente. Epilogo
No full textOver sixty years ago, Pio Pecchiai suggested that the patron of the chapel
of Saint Mary Magdalene in the SS. Trinità dei Monti in Rome might be the courtesan
Lucrezia Scanatoria, who had died shortly before 14 February 1522 when a house was purchased
with a sum of money she had bequeathed to the friars of the SS. Trinità. After identifying
Giovanni Giacomo Bucca as the notary who signed the act, the author carried out
a short search for the original document in the State Archives of Rome in the hope of finding
more information on the courtesan. Unfortunately, no paper regarding Lucrezia and
her bequest was found in Bucca’s volume of notarial acts for the year 1522, which includes
only a series of hardly readable drafts collected in chronological order
GIOVANNI PIETRO ARRIVABENE POESIS
No full textWith this brief study, first the author deals with the poetry by Giovanni Pietro Arrivabene. In fact, for the first time he has published a long Latin poem of the poet preserved in a single manuscript in Pienza, in the library, which was of Pio II. The poet, who lived during the Renaissance, had a very careful preparation at the school of Francesco Filelfo, the most appreciated humanist after Enea Silvio Piccolomini. With the Carmen in Pii Pontificis laudem… Arrivabene hoped to enter in the courtyard of the Pope; but Pius II, even though he appreciated the poem, written on fine parchment, didn’t take the young poet into account, who was only twenty years. The scholar, on the one hand, thought back to the formation and the aspirations of the young poet, on the other the cultural character of his age, in which Giovanni Pietro Arrivabene spent his life. Short, but useful hints are devoted to the wonderful court of Mantua, where the poet spent twenty years at the service of the cardinal Francesco Gonzaga.Per breuem et luculentam uestigationem auctor primus de Ioannis Petri Arriuabeni poesi agit. Poeta enim illa floruit aetate, qua per doctissimos uiros humanae litterae sunt funditus renouatae. In doctissimis illis uiris fuit et Ioannes Petrus Arriuabenus, qui, cum duo scripsisset carmina, postremis his saltem temporibus, minime poeta memoratur. Auctor, innumeris inquisitionibus perfectis, duo tantum Ioannis Petri Arriuabeni inuenit carmina, quorum alteri In Pii summi Pontificis Laudem, Gonzagis titulus est alteri. Poeta uero, cum in Pontificis familiam ascisci uellet, magistro fortasse hortante atque opitulante, longum contexuit carmen, cui epistolam poeticam, imparibus modis confectam, haud fortuito praemisit. Auctoris sententia, nullum est dubium, quin Franciscus Philelphus, apud quem Ioannis Petrus Arriuabeni doctrinam sibi atque eruditionem comparauit, uel epistolam uel carmen, antequam pontifici traderentur, legerit atque emendauerit. Quod, ut par est, ex quibusdam eiusdem Philelfi epistolis cogitur. De quibus epistulis et notitiis alias
