76 research outputs found
For a Sustainable Inclusive 21st Century: What We Must Learn from Japanese Eugenic Protection Act
No full textNarratives of Furui 符瑞 and the Compilation of Dynastic Histories in the Han and the Jin Periods: Focus on The Zhi 志 Framework of Narratives
No full textFurui (符瑞), auspicious phenomena, were recounted within the framework of Fengshan (封禅) sacrifices in the Shiji. This form of recounting furui was continued in the Hanshu within the framework of the treatise on the Rites of Suburban Sacrifice (郊祀). After the annals of the Xuan Di (宣帝) period in the Hanshu, it became standard practice to recount a series of measures in response to the holding of suburban rituals and the emergence of furui. On the other hand, as the Rites of Suburban Sacrifice became institutionalized in the late period of the Former Han, the role of furui changed, as evidenced by the Baihu Guan Council (白虎觀會議) held during the Later Han Emperor Zhangdi's reign. At this meeting, thirty-seven events were selected as furui to be recognized by the dynasty. In addition, their appearance was seen as being in response to the emperor's virtuous rule. This can be traced not only in the narrative of the Dongguan Hanji (東觀漢記), but also in the inscriptions that were popular at the time. The narratives of furui, which had extended to local communities, once again converged in the court from the end of the Later Han Dynasty to the Three Kingdoms period. In particular, furui that appeared at the time of the regime change between the Han and Wei dynasties are described as being closely related to the chengwei (讖雲). However, in the Xu Hanshu (續漢書) and Weishu (魏書) of the Sanguo zhi (三國志), which were compiled during the Western Jin dynasty, furui are described in a very restrained manner. This narrative trend is prominent in the Xu Hanshu. In addition, the Xu Hanshu not only does not recount furui but also describes the events that had been described as auspicious omens in Dongguan Hanji as disasters. Although it is difficult to say whether the attitude of omitting furui in the Xu Hanshu and Sanguo zhi was based on the judgment of the dynasty or the author himself, but it can be said to represent the political and social climate of the period. On the other hand, furui continued to be a subject of commentary in court diaries (起居注) of the Western Jin dynasty and in records related to the dynasty. This means that furui described in the Xu Hanshu and Sanguo zhi do not reflect the historical characteristics of the period they were written about
The portrait of the "hero" in the novels of Furui Yoshikichi and Furuyama Komao.
No full textpdfThe speaker focuses on the literature of the 1970s and the so-called inward-looking generation which represents that decade. With reference to characters of novels from this period he compiles a portrait of the character-type which epitomizes this generation.
(1) The Furui Yoshikichi's hero:
―living in an "extraordinary mundanity. "
The hero's sense of time and space
―the newly settled frontier region as a special kind of space.
―the confluence of traditional and modern cultures.
Relations between the sexes
―the highly-strung, abnormal woman, the man lacking in ambition.
(2) Furuyama Komao's diminutive protagonist
―the ordinariness of everyday life and the illusion of the past in Jimen o hau ningen (The human who crawls on the ground).
My research on the works of Furui and Furuyama was motivated by my interest in "the hero" in Japanese literature. This is an interest I have been pursuing for the past ten years, and about which I have wrritten several theses, for example, "The hero in the pōetry of Hagiwara Sakutaro", "The hero in the novels of Tanizaki Junichirō," and "Man as portrayed in the novels of Kaikō Ken."
From readings of Various works by a particular author, one gains an impression of an over-all character type (which may differ to some extent from novel to novel). The specific characteristics of various characters can be collated and, from these, qualities of human character can be extracted, so that various individual characters are reduced to a composite, abstract type. This procedure may be queried, but as time today is limited, I will present only a summary of my thesis, and only the results of my analyses will be explained in any detail. In other words, my remarks will be limited to an explication of what I consider to be the most salient aspects of the Furui Yoshikichi and Furuyama Komao herose.conference pape
To Build Better Neighborhoods : "Visitability" Originated from Collaboration in Home-Building Advocacy for the Poor
No full textThis report is the first introduction of visitability to Japan. Sometimes called basic home access and inclusive home design, the visitability movement promotes meaningful policy changes to require several essential features in every new home: 1) a zero-step entrance; 2) interior doors, including bathrooms, with at least 32 inches of clear passage space; and 3) at least a half bath, preferably a full bath, on the main floor. Visitability was originally proposed as concrete change by Eleanor Smith in Atlanta, Georgia, in 1987. Since then, the visitability movement has had significant impacts on home construction policy in North America, especially in the United States and Canada. As a recent success of visitability, two cities recently passed ordinances requiring basic access features in all new houses: Vancouver, British Colombia, in 2013, and Austin, Texas, in 2014. The author also discusses the fundamental significance and contemporary importance of visitability, which originated from collaborative efforts supporting popular home-building advocacy for the poor.障害者を無理なく迎え入れる住宅建築Visitabilityをめざす全米の運動組織Concrete Changeは28年前に始まった。 この運動の目的は、 玄関に段差を作ったり狭い室内ドアを用いるような建築規範を切り替え、 新しいユニバーサルな基準として(1)a zero-step entrance(玄関段差ゼロ)、 (2)wide doors(広いドア)、 (3)1階に車いすで入れるトイレを全ての新築住宅に普及させることだった。 この「誰もが隣人になれるまちづくり運動」を国中に拡散するために作られた初めての"Building Better Neighborhoods"というビデオ教材の中で、 Eleanor Smithや仲間たちは運動の意義や運動にいたる多くのエピソードを語っている。 今もカナダのバンクーバー市(2013年)とテキサスのオースチン市(2014年)が全ての新築住宅で基本的なアクセスを保障する仕様にする条例を成立させている。 最近では盟友であるNadeen Green(賃貸住宅での人種差別撤廃を長年かかって実現させてきた著名な弁護士)とともに"Libby and the Cape of Visitability"という題名の児童向けの本を出版して話題を呼んだ。 この本は、14歳の脳性麻痺の女の子の日記(本文内ではjournalと言っているが)という形式を借りて、 誰もが隣人であることの大切さを伝えている。 出版後のメディア取材の際にも、 彼女は過去を振り返りインタビューに答えている。 本稿ではこれらの語りをもとに、 ジョージア州アトランタの貧困層の住宅建築支援に始まったこの運動の歴史を振り返りかえり、 その今日的意義を考察する。Reportdepartmental bulletin pape
Secondary Functional Deterioration in Adults with Cerebral Palsy : Analysis of Developing Physiological Burnout
No full textA report on the footsteps of 10 years and challenges in Hanwa community-based rehabilitation research group
No full textAfter opening of Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University (OKRU) in 2006, Professor and physical therapist Kazuyoshi Yamamoto organized Senshu (later Hanwa) community-based rehabilitation research group in 2007, aiming at the community contribution to Senshu (Hanwa) area and also the development of rehabilitation professionals and others. This report presents these 10 years activities of the rehabilitation research group and challenges to the future.Review Articleothe
A report on the footsteps of 10 years and challenges in Hanwa community-based rehabilitation research group
No full textAfter opening of Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University (OKRU) in 2006, Professor and physical therapist Kazuyoshi Yamamoto organized Senshu (later Hanwa) community-based rehabilitation research group in 2007, aiming at the community contribution to Senshu (Hanwa) area and also the development of rehabilitation professionals and others. This report presents these 10 years activities of the rehabilitation research group and challenges to the future.Review Articl
The grass-roots activism of people with cerebral palsy in Japan : Early protest confronting the inaccessible bus system
No full textJapan has one of the highest proportions of people over 65 of any country in the world, and recently the Japanese government has made an effort to improve accessibility on public transportation for older citizens. This effort is rooted in demonstrations almost 30 years ago by people with cerebral palsy who objected to their exclusion from public transportation. This paper describes how Japanese cerebral palsied citizens who challenged inaccessible public bus systems and analyzes the significance of these challenges for the entire country. In time, the country became alert and sensitive to the challenges faced by the severely disabled and one group in particular-- The Japanese Cerebral Palsied Association" Green Grass" (JCP), a group devoted to promote independence and equality for those living with the most severe disabilities. Initially, a manual describing how to handle wheelchair users was made without consulting people. The manual had serious problems, one of which was that if wheelchair users could not transfer to the regular bus seats due to their limited mobility, bus drivers would refuse to grant them access. Because the JCP wanted the society to accept all people regardless of disability, they launched the protest. On the afternoon of April 12 1977, over 100 cerebral palsied wheelchair users from all around the nation gathered at Kawasaki station next to Yokohama city, and held up a total of 28 buses which resulted in chaos in the terminal that lasted throughout the evening. After this historical protest, little progress was made, and negotiations between protesters, bus companies and the government lasted 20 years until an acceptable agreement was reached. As a result of the negotiations however, the Yokohama bus system has become the most accessible in Japan today (43.3% of all buses equipped wheelchair ramp with lowered floor). Use of public transportation is one of the basic necessity and rights for any member of our society. Revisions made to the public transportation system, improving access to persons with disabilities was an example of an important first step towards inclusion and integration of our society.Original Articledepartmental bulletin pape
The grass-roots activism of people with cerebral palsy in Japan : Early protest confronting the inaccessible bus system
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