1,720,957 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Diabetes Mellitus and Hyperglycemia in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Get PDFProinflammatory cytokines involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) can inhibit insulin production and cause insulin resistance of peripheral tissues. Perhaps, with RA, the risk of developing disorders of carbohydrate metabolism (NUO) increases: diabetes mellitus (DM), fasting hyperglycemia (GN), glucose tolerance disorders. Patients with a combination of RA and DM belong to the category of the most severe patients with an unfavorable prognosis of macro- and microvascular complications. The problem of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is becoming of general medical importance, since it creates prerequisites for improving the pharmacotherapy of other chronic diseases, such as atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2, osteoporosis, the development of which is also associated with chronic inflammation. The study of the pathogenesis of RA has revealed numerous "non-rheumatological" functions of proinflammatory cytokines, for example, the ability to interfere with various stages of metabolism glucose. It has been shown that tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α and interleukin (IL) 6 disrupt the synthesis and functioning of insulin receptors and intracellular glucose transporter in muscles, adipose tissue, liver, along with IL1ß inhibit insulin secretion, cause apoptosis of beta cells of islets Langerhans of the pancreas. RA can be considered as a model for studying disorders of carbohydrate metabolism (NUO). Several studies in RA patients have demonstrated a decrease in the level of functional capabilities of β-cells and an increase in insulin resistance of peripheral tissues. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an immuno-inflammatory disease characterized by chronic erosive arthritis and systemic damage to internal organs, which leads to an increased risk of concomitant pathology, early disability and a decrease in the life expectancy of patients
ASSESSMENT OF QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEART FAILURE WITH PRESERVED CARDIAC OUTPUT
No full textQuality of life (QoL) refers to an assessment of disease-associated and non-associated parameters, and allows differentiating the impact of disease and treatment on the patient's psychological, emotional state, and social status. The aim of the study was to estimate the quality of life in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) with preserved cardiac output
Painless Cardiac Ischemia in Women with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Get PDFRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune rheumatic disease of unknown etiology characterized by chronic erosive arthritis and systemic inflammatory damage to internal organs. In Uzbekistan, RA affects about 1.5% of the entire adult population. RA most often affects people aged 30-50 years. Women get sick 5 times more often than men. The main cause of mortality in RA are cardiovascular catastrophes (myocardial infarction (MI), cerebral stroke (СS) den cardiac death (SCD). Let's start the discussion with the already established facts and try to clarify the mechanisms of the changes in the heart. So,rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune joint disease that affects 0.5–1.0% of the world's population. In RA, almost all joints are involved in the pathological process, almost always the joints of the hand, foot and knee joints, with the development of stiffness, pain and, eventually,destruction of bone and cartilage. It is known that RA is a systemic process in which not only joints are affected, but also various internal organs. However, until recently, it was believed that heart damage in RA was clinically insignificant. In recent years, it has been found that patients with RA, life expectancy decreases by 7-10 years, and the risk of coronary disease or myocardial infarction is comparable to that of diabetes mellitus. In general, patients with RA, the risk of development is approximately 50% higher cardiovascular events and cardiovascular death. At the same time, it should be taken into account that the magnitude of these risks may vary in different studies, which is associated with the characteristics of the examined cohorts of patients, with the peculiarities of treatment in different countries, with the effectiveness of achieving or not achieving the goal of treatment, depends on the time of observation and the specifics of the therapy performed. Thus, there are indications that the combined relative risk is 1.68 and 1.87 for myocardial infarction and congestive heart failure, respectively, and another study found that patients with RA had an increased risk of myocardial infarction (MI) with a odds ratio (OR) of 2.50 (95% CI; 0.77–8.14
Mental Status and Quality of Life in Patients With Sinus Node Weakness Syndrome and Chronic Coronary Heart Failure of Ischemic Etiology
Get PDFThe frequent combination of sinus node weakness syndrome (SNWS) and chronic heart failure (CHF) in patients has shown the need for a comprehensive study of their impact on the adaptability of these patients. The assessment of quality of life (QOL) and mental status in patients with SNWS and CHF of ischaemic etiology was carried out. Sinus node weakness syndrome accounts for about 9% of all cardiac rhythm disorders and is one of the current problems of modern arrhythmology. This is due to the fact that with sinus node weakness syndrome hemodynamic disorders can develop, the quality of life of patients is reduced, significant difficulties arise in the treatment of the underlying cardiovascular disease and associated rhythm disturbances. Patients with sinus node weakness syndrome have a reduced ability to work. For example, 14.5% of all patients with a first-time disability are with sinus node disorder. In industrialised countries, more than half of the patients implanted with an artificial pacemaker are patients with weak sinus node syndrome. We used 6 minute walking test, as well as level of depression, anxiety, alexithymia; coping>mechanisms and Vital Style Index in 75 CHD patients with and without SNWS, complicated CHF I>II (NYHA) were assessed. No additional negative effect of SNWS on somatic, mental status and QOL was found in patients with CH
Gastrointestinal Conditions in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
No full textRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a serious medical and social problem, characterised by a steadily progressive disorganisation of the connective tissue, based on profound immunopathological changes with autoaggressive features. RA ranks first in terms of prevalence among inflammatory diseases of the joints. The social significance of this disease is determined not only by its high prevalence, but also by the great material damage caused to society, the patient and his family due to the high incapacity and early onset of disability. Steady progression of the pathological process despite the use of modern therapeutic methods results not only in significant functional insufficiency of the locomotor apparatus but also in the shortening of the patients' life span by 4-10 years and the increase of the death rate which exceeds that of the general population. The prognosis of RA patients with systemic manifestations is particularly unfavorable: generalized vasculitis, rheumatoid nodules, lymphoadenopathy, lung, heart, liver, kidney and other organs and systems are affected. Among the extra-articular manifestations of RA, gastrointestinal (GI) lesions are the least studied, although the most severe process, intestinal amyloidosis, is well known, occurring in 11% of patients and usually combined with amyloidosis of other internal organs
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
