4,751 research outputs found
Supplementary data to "Soil bacterial biodiversity characterization by flow cytometry: The bottleneck of cell extraction from soil" (Methods in Ecology and Evolution, First published: 27 April 2022) [Conjunto de datos]
Full text linkEl archivo Supplementary Tables, incluye siete tablas según se detalla a continuación. La primera tabla (Table S1) detalla las palabras claves empleadas en las dos búsquedas realizadas en Scopus para este artículo. La segunda tabla (Tabla S2) resume información sobre un subset de artículos de la búsqueda bibliográfica Search1, referidos al uso de citometría de flujo en el análisis de comunidades microbianas en suelos. La tercera tabla (Tabla S3) presenta la lista de artículos correspondientes a la búsqueda bibliográfica Search2, que fue enriquecida con información extraída a partir de la lectura detallada de cada artículo. La cuarta tabla (Table S4) presenta la información recuperada de cada tipo de diluyente usado en la etapa de dispersión de suelo en los protocolos de extracción de microorganismos del suelo que fueron analizados. La quinta tabla (Table S5) presenta la información recuperada para las distintas etapas de los protocolos de extracción de microorganismos del suelo que fueron analizados; incluyendo las etapas de dispersión del suelo, separación de microorganismos y partículas de suelo de mayor tamaño y purificación de microorganismos de partículas de suelo de menor tamaño. La sexta tabla (Table S6) presenta la recopilación de datos reportados sobre la eficiencia de recuperación de microorganismos del suelo en los artículos analizados. La séptima tabla (Table S7) presenta la matriz de variables categóricas generada en base a la información recuperada sobre cada protocolo analizado.
Detalles sobre la metodología aplicada para las búsquedas bibliográficas y los análisis realizados en base a los datos recopilados se presentan en el archivo Supplementary Information.
El archivo Supplementary Figures, presenta figuras adicionales asociadas al artículo.EEA BarilocheFil: El Mujtar, Veronica Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET). Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche (IFAB); ArgentinaFil: El Mujtar, Veronica Andrea. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche (IFAB); ArgentinaFil: Chirdo, Fernando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET). Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos (IIFP); ArgentinaFil: Chirdo, Fernando. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos (IIFP); ArgentinaFil: Chirdo, Fernando. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas; ArgentinaFil: Lagares, Antonio. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular IBBM); ArgentinaFil: Lagares, Antonio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), La Plata. Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular IBBM); ArgentinaFil: Wall, Luis. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Centro de Bioquímica y Microbiología de Suelos. Laboratorio de Bioquímica y Microbiología de Suelo; ArgentinaFil: Tittonell, Pablo. Groningen University. Groningen Institute of Evolutionary Life Sciences; Países BajosFil: Tittonell, Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET). Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche (IFAB); ArgentinaFil: Tittonell, Pablo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche (IFAB); Argentin
Las transiciones agroecológicas: múltiples escalas, niveles y desafíos
Full text linkTransitar hacia una producción de alimentos sostenible a través de los principios de la agroecología implica no una transición, sino varias transiciones simultáneas, a diferentes escalas, niveles y dimensiones; de índole social, biológica, económica, cultural, institucional, política. Este artículo propone utilizar diferentes marcos conceptuales, derivados de la ecología, la agronomía y la ciencia de la innovación, para describir estas transiciones. El artículo aborda a la transición agroecológica como una sucesión de innovaciones emergentes, y analiza las etapas de la transición técnico-institucional y sus forzantes. Se propone demás conceptualizar a la transición como una restauración de las funciones y de la resiliencia del socio-ecosistema. Por último, se explora con un par de ejemplos lo que implica la transición en términos de cambios en las prácticas de manejo agropecuario. La transición agroecológica puede involucrar una optimización de prácticas de manejo para aumentar la eficiencia productiva, una substitución de insumos, o bien el rediseño del sistema. Los ejemplos analizados muestran que la transición no siempre comienza a partir de sistemas altamente industrializados y/o degradados. Muchos productores que no se autodenominan agroecológicos implementan sin embargo muchas de sus prácticas con bases agroecológicas. Se concluye que el tránsito hacia la agroecología implica una transición técnicoproductiva
a nivel de los subsistemas de la explotación, una transición socio-ecológica a nivel de la familia rural, su comunidad y su paisaje, y una transición político-institucional a nivel de territorios, regiones y países. Entender a la transición de esta forma, como una interdependencia entre escalas y dimensiones, permite conciliar las miradas de las diferentes ´escuelas´ de la agroecología, desde las más ecológicas a las más socio-políticas.Sustainable food production through the principles of agroecology implies several
simultaneous transitions at different scales, levels and dimensions, of a social, biological,
economic, cultural, institutional, political nature. To describe these transitions the use of
different conceptual frameworks, derived from ecology, agronomy and the science of innovation, are proposed. The article addresses the agroecological transition as a succession of
emerging innovations and analyses the stages of the technical-institutional transition and
its drivers. It is also proposed to conceptualize the transition as a restoration of the functions and resilience of the socio-ecosystem. Finally, we explore with a couple of examples
what the transition implies in terms of changes in agricultural management practices. The
agroecological transition can involve the optimization of management practices to increase
productive efficiency, an inputs substitution, or the redesign of the system. The examples
analyzed show that the transition does not always start from highly industrialized and/
or degraded systems. Many producers who do not consider themselves agroecological
implement however many agroecological-based practices. It is concluded that the transit
to agroecology implies a technical-productive transition at the subsystems of the farm, a
socio-ecological transition at the level of the rural family, its community and its landscape,
and a political-institutional transition to level of territories, regions and countries. Understanding the transition as an interdependence between scales and dimensions, allows to
reconcile the looks of the different ´schools´ of agroecology, from the most ecological to the
most socio-political.Fil: Tittonell, Pablo Adrian. INTA. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche. Grupo Interdisciplinario de Agroecología, Ambiente y Sistemas de Producción; Argentin
Nutrient source, management system and the age of the plantation affect soil biodiversity and chemical properties in raspberry production
Full text linkSoil biodiversity is the driving force behind most soil processes. While potentially improving plant productivity and food quality, it can be negatively affected by land use and soil management. Raspberry production is part of the cultural identity of ‘La Comarca Andina’ placed within “Andina Patagonica” world biosphere reserve. In this study we assessed soil (a) chemical quality and (b) microbial biodiversity in raspberry production as affected by management (certified organic vs. current conventional practice), the source of organic nutrients (commercial vs. on-farm) and the age of the plantation. We sampled twelve plots from neighboring family farms, classified according to the management system and the source of organic nutrients, based on information recovered regarding organic certification, type of agri-food system, weeding and pests control practices, use of chemical fertilizers, tillage regime and type and rate of application of main organic amendments. In each plot we assessed soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic C (SOC), total N, extractable P, soil basal respiration (SBR), biodiversity indexes (Shannon, inversed Simpson and Richness), and bacterial community structure considering separately raspberry rows and inter-rows. The effects of the management system, the source of organic nutrients and the age on soil properties varied between row and inter-row. In the row, these factors had no effects on soil
chemical properties; while the source of organic nutrients affected SBR, Shannon index and bacterial community structure. Conversely, in the inter-row, no effects of the factors were detected on SBR (the only biological property analyzed), while the management, the source of organic nutrients, age, or their interactions affected EC, extractable P and total N. Finally, associations were found between soil chemical properties and soil microbial biodiversity. In the row, diversity indexes were positively correlated with SOC and total N, while the extractable P gradient explained 42% of the variability found in community structure, likely as a result of long-term use of
high P soil amendments on P-mobilizing bacteria. These findings provide initial insights on the performance of management systems and practices applied by farmers in raspberry production, and the interactions between chemical and biological components of soil quality.Estación Experimental Agropecuaria BarilocheFil: Prack McCormick, Barbara. Universidad Nacional de Lomas de Zamora; ArgentinaFil: El Mujtar, Veronica Andrea. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: El Mujtar, Veronica Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: Cardozo, Andrea Gabriela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA). Estacion Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Agencia de Extension Rural El Bolson; ArgentinaFil: Alvarez, Valeria Esther. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: Alvarez, Valeria Esther. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez, Hernan Adrian. Universidad Nacional de Lomas de Zamora; ArgentinaFil: Tittonell, Pablo Adrian. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: Tittonell, Pablo Adrian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: Tittonell, Pablo Adrian. Groningen University. Groningen Institute of Evolutionary Life Sciences; Holand
Emerging responses to the COVID-19 crisis from family farming and the agroecology movement in Latin America – A rediscovery of food, farmers and collective action
Full text linkEste trabajo contó con la colaboración de 15 co-autoresIn Latin America, the so-called informal sector associated with family farming and the agroecology movements were instrumental at coping with and adapting to the COVID-19 challenges.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the nature and extent of the early initiatives (first three months) deployed by this informal sector to cope with and adapt to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on food production and consumption in several countries of the region.
METHODS: We used key used informant consultation (n = 168), an online survey (n = 125) and the detailed characterisation of regional case studies (n = 4). Textual data was analysed and categorised using Reinert’s method, combined with similarity analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: 65% of the initiatives were ‘local’ in terms of geographic reach, 30% of them started within the first month after the pandemic and most of them were urban or urban-rural, whereas only 29% of them were exclusively rural. The analysis of the textual information captured through the survey revealed four major types of initiatives that were deployed or adapted in response to COVID-19:
1. Direct producer-to-consumer food sales, generally existing before the COVID-19 crisis but adapted/ strengthened to cope with it;
2. Short value chains that linked rural and urban organisations and individuals supported by national or local governments, readapted through new health and safety protocols;
3. Newly developed support and training programs on sustainable food production for selfconsumption or local commerce, in rural, urban or peri-urban settings;
4. Food assistance and aid initiatives focusing on vulnerable populations, relying on solidarity networks associated with the agroecological movement.
SIGNIFICANCE: The pandemic highlighted the key role played by local food systems and value chains and the need to strengthening them through public policies, as a way to build food resilience in times of crisis.Estación Experimental Agropecuaria BarilocheFil: Tittonell, Pablo Adrian. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: Tittonell, Pablo Adrian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: Tittonell, Pablo Adrian. Universite de Montpellier. Centre de cooperation Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Developpement. Agroecologie et Intensification Durable; FranciaFil: Tittonell, Pablo Adrian. Groningen University. Groningen Institute of Evolutionary Life Sciences; HolandaFil: Fernandez, Manuela Teresa. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: Fernandez, Manuela Teresa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: El Mujtar, Veronica Andrea. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: El Mujtar, Veronica Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: Viegas Preiss, Potira. University of Santa Cruz do Sul. Regional Development Posgraduate Program; BrasilFil: Sapura, Silvia. University of Guelph. School of Environmental Design and Rural Development; CanadaFil: Laborda, Luciana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: Laborda, Luciana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: Mendonça, M.A. Federal University of Viçosa; BrasilFil: Alvarez, Valeria Esther. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: Alvarez, Valeria Esther. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: Fernandes, G.B. Centro de Tecnologias Alternativas da Zona da Mata; BrasilFil: Petersen, Paulo F. AS-PTA Agricultura Familiar e Agroecologia; BrasilFil: Cardoso, Irene María. Federal University of Viçosa; Brasi
Implications of landscape configuration on understory forage productivity: a remote sensing assessment of native forests openings
Full text linkFil: Trinco, Fabio D. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias de Bariloche. Río Negro, Argentina.Fil: Rusch, Verónica E. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias de Bariloche. Río Negro, Argentina.Fil: Howison, Ruth A. Groningen University. Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences. Conservation Ecology Group. Países Bajos.Fil: Garibaldi, Lucas A. Universidad Nacional de Río Negro. Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales, Agroecología y Desarrollo Rural. Río Negro, Argentina.Fil: Garibaldi, Lucas A. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales, Agroecología y Desarrollo Rural. Río Negro, Argentina.Fil: Tittonell, Pablo A. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias de Bariloche. Río Negro, Argentina.Sound management of native forests used for cattle grazing requires understanding the dynamics of forage productivity in the openings. Despite their importance, forage productivity drivers in highly heterogeneous forested landscapes, or their variability over the year, are still unclear. The aim of this work is to find predictors of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) variation in the openings of native temperate forests and to evaluate how these predictors change within the growing season. We used high spatial resolution remote sensing imagery from NW Patagonia to separate forest openings from tree dense canopy. We obtained data of each opening related with herbaceous and shrub forage productivity and calculated landscape metrics. We estimated a multiple linear regression model for predicting NDVI in each season. Beyond known variables related with forage productivity (altitude, precipitation, etc.), the shape of forest’ openings appeared as relevant in predicting NDVI. Higher values of forest opening perimeters were related with a decrease in NDVI in spring when soil water content is not limiting and conversely with an increase in NDVI in summer when water is limiting growth. These results suggest that environmental drivers such as temperature and soil moisture inside the opening, and competition or facilitation process between trees and grasses are mediated by the shape of the opening. Management of heterogeneous native forests for cattle raising requires considering the shape of the openings to maximize forage productivity.
Assessing resilience and adaptability in agroecological transitions
Full text linkGuidelines are needed to support research and action on sustainable transitions towards more resilient and adaptable agroecosystems. Here I present an operationable and simple framework with theoretical underpinning to assess to what extent agroecological transitions propend to greater resilience and adaptability. Ecosystems may transition between alternative states defined by their structural and functional characteristics.
Agroecological transitions are a special type of human-mediated transitions in which the various components of the agroecosystem and their interactions are reconfigured through a process of design. The concept of the complex adaptive cycle of social-ecological systems is used to propose a set of 10 criteria to monitor resilience and adaptability in agroecological transitions using a system of scores. They comprise: self-regulation, connectivity, functional diversity and redundancy, response diversity, space and time heterogeneity, building of natural capital, social self-organization, reflective learning and human capital, autonomy and local interdependency, and capitalising on local knowledge. The framework is illustrated with an example from Brazil, where national and local level socio-political drivers have supported a 30-year process of agroecological transition. Implications for policy monitoring, research for development and political discourses are discussed.Estación Experimental Agropecuaria BarilocheFil: Tittonell, Pablo Adrian. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Área de Recursos Naturales; Argentin
Correlación entre indicadores ambientales y económico-productivos de la ganadería en Patagonia Norte = Correlation between environmental and economical-productive indicators in North Patagonia livestock farming
No full textPublicado en: Revista Argentina de Producción Animal – RAPA 44 (Supl. 1) : 378. (septiembre 2024)La ganadería en Patagonia norte (PN) es la principal fuente de alimento e ingresos de familias rurales y provee servicios ecosistémicos. Sin embargo, el sector enfrenta desafíos dados por la estacionalidad y variabilidad en los ingresos, y dificultades
y costos elevados en el acceso a insumos. Estos factores incrementan su vulnerabilidad a la desertificación y el cambio climático, problemáticas de las que es parcialmente responsable. Por lo tanto, es crucial promover integral la sustentabilidad ambiental y económico-productiva en la región. El objetivo es describir la relación entre indicadores ambientales y económico-productivos para identificar estrategias que fomenten la sustentabilidad integral de sistemas ganaderos nor-patagónicos.EEA BarilocheFil: Hara, Sofia Maria. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche (IFAB); ArgentinaFil: Hara, Sofia Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche (IFAB); ArgentinaFil: Faverin, Claudia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; ArgentinaFil: Faverin, Claudia. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMdP). Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Tittonell, Pablo Adrian. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche (IFAB); ArgentinaFil: Tittonell, Pablo Adrian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche (IFAB); ArgentinaFil: Tittonell, Pablo Adrian. Universit´e de Montpellier. Centre de cooperation Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le D´eveloppement (CIRAD). Agro´ecologie et Intensification Durable (AïDA); FranciaFil: Tittonell, Pablo Adrian. Groningen Universit. Groningen Institute of Evolutionary Life Sciences; Países Bajo
Beyond CO<sub>2</sub>:Multiple ecosystem services from ecologically intensive grazing landscapes of South America
Full text linkSustainability assessments to inform the design of multifunctional grazing landscapes need to look beyond greenhouse gas emissions to simultaneously embrace other social and environmental criteria. Here I briefly examine trade-offs and synergies between the productivity of graze-based livestock systems and the environment, and share a few generic guidelines to design pathways for the ecological intensification of livestock systems following agroecological principles. I draw from experience on livestock farming in the Rio de la Plata Grassland Biome of South America (Argentina, Uruguay, and Brazil). Livestock systems based on native grasslands in this region may have greater carbon footprints (13–29 kg CO2 eq. kg LW−1) than intensive grass-feedlot systems in the region (9–14 kg CO2 eq. kg LW−1) or the average range reported for OECD countries (c. 10–20 kg CO2 eq. kg LW−1) when calculated per unit product, but only 20% greater when expressed on an area basis. Yet they use less external energy (10x) or nitrogen inputs (5x) per kg live weight (LW) produced, provide ecosystem services of local and global importance, such as carbon storage, habitat protection for biodiversity, watershed regulation, clean water, food and textiles, livelihoods and local cultures, and provide better living conditions for grazing animals. Traditional graze-based systems are less economically attractive than intensive livestock or grain production and they are being replaced by such activities, with negative social and environmental consequences. An ecological intensification (EI) of graze-based livestock systems is urgently needed to ensure economic profits while minimising social-ecological trade-offs on multifunctional landscapes. Examples of such EI systems exist in the region that exhibit synergies between economic and environmental goals, but a broad and lasting transition towards sustainable multifunctional landscapes based on agroecological principles requires (co-)innovation at both technical and institutional levels.</p
Convergence between satellite information and farmers’ perception of drought in rangelands of North-West Patagonia, Argentina
Full text linkDrought is a complex natural hazard with social and environmental implications. Satellite information is increasingly used to support decision-makers in preventing or coping with the negative impacts of drought. The integration of local and scientific knowledge to support drought monitoring is still far from being the main procedure in the development of drought monitoring and early warning systems. This study aimed at assessing the degree of convergence between satellite information on the effect of droughts on rangeland vegetation, from time series analysis, and farmers’ perception of drought in North-West Patagonia, Argentina. We characterised the scientific evidence of drought in terms of duration, spatial distribution, most severe years and recovery for the period 2000–2018 by identifying inter-annual NDVI changes. Farmers’ perceptions and experiences of drought were studied with open-ending interviews, with respect to occurrence, duration and recovery for that period. Satellite information matched farmers’ perception of drought at a regional scale, emphasising the value of remote sensing tools in supporting regional policy decision-making. However, farmers’ perceptions and recall of past drought impacts were more diverse than satellite information at a local level, highlighting the need for knowledge integration at finer scales.Estación Experimental Agropecuaria BarilocheFil: Solano-Hernández, Ainhoa. Wageningen University. Farming Systems Ecology; HolandaFil: Bruzzone, Octavio Augusto. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: Groot, Jeroen C. J. Wageningen University & Research. Farming Systems Ecology Group, Plant Sciences; HolandaFil: Laborda, Luciana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche; ArgentinaFil: Martinez, Abel Hector Maria. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Agencia de Extensión Rural Zapala; ArgentinaFil: Tittonell, Pablo Adrian. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche; Argentina. Wageningen University & Research. Farming Systems Ecology Group, Plant Sciences; Holanda. Université de Montpellier. Centre de coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD). Agroécologie et Intensification Durable; FranciaFil: Easdale, Marcos Horacio. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Área Desarrollo Rural; Argentin
Effect of Grasses on Native Tree Seedling Establishment Along a Water Stress Gradient: Results of Forest and Greenhouse Experiments
Full text linkAnthropogenic activities such as cattle grazing and forest clearing have led to the establishment of early successional grass layers in some native forests, which may inhibit or entirely prevent native tree regeneration. We hypothesize that increased grass coverage reduces or eliminates the establishment of native tree seedlings by limiting water availability to seeds and seedlings. This study aims to evaluate the impact of grass cover on tree seedling survival under varying levels of soil water stress. We conducted a field experiment using 36 experimental exclosures in two northwest Patagonian valleys, representing a regional gradient in altitude, rainfall, and tree canopy openness. Additionally, a greenhouse experiment was performed with 36 pots, manipulating four levels of grass cover and three levels of water stress. Results from both experiments showed similarities: in the field, the likelihood of finding a live tree seedling was approximately 2.78 times higher in areas without grass compared with grass-covered sites. In the greenhouse, the presence of grass reduced the final number of established seedlings by an average of 43% across all irrigation levels, indicating significant water competition. These findings suggest that management practices promoting grass invasion could severely hinder tree regeneration in forests not adapted to large herbivore intensive grazing. Such situation may be exacerbated in regions suffering water limitation in the growing season or where the climate change would intensify water stress.EEA BarilocheFil: Trinco, Fabio Daniel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias de Bariloche (IFAB); ArgentinaFil: Trinco, Fabio Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias de Bariloche (IFAB); ArgentinaFil: Trinco, Fabio Daniel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Grupo de Agroecología, Ambiente y Sistemas de Producción; ArgentinaFil: Rusch, Verónica Elena. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias de Bariloche (IFAB); ArgentinaFil: Rusch, Verónica Elena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias de Bariloche (IFAB); ArgentinaFil: Cardozo, Andrea. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias de Bariloche (IFAB); ArgentinaFil: Cardozo, Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias de Bariloche (IFAB); ArgentinaFil: Cardozo, Andrea. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Grupo de Agroecología, Ambiente y Sistemas de Producción; ArgentinaFil: Garibaldi, Lucas Alejandro. Universidad Nacional de Rio Negro. Instituto de Investigaciones de Recursos Naturales, Agroecología y Desarrollo Rural; ArgentinaFil: Garibaldi, Lucas Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones de Recursos Naturales, Agroecología y Desarrollo Rural; ArgentinaFil: Tittonell, Pablo Adrian. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Grupo de Agroecología, Ambiente y Sistemas de Producción; ArgentinaFil: Tittonell, Pablo Adrian. Groningen University. Institute of Evolutionary Life Science; Países BajosFil: Tittonell, Pablo Adrian. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias de Bariloche (IFAB); ArgentinaFil: Tittonell, Pablo Adrian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias de Bariloche (IFAB); ArgentinaFil: Tittonell, Pablo Adrian. Universite de Montpellier. Centre de cooperation Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Developpement. Agroecologie et Intensification Durable; Francia
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