37 research outputs found
Schweitzer and Gandhi: The ahimsa factor
No full textThe work discusses how much Mohandas Gandhi's and Albert Schweitzer's beliefs coincide and differ in the context of the key problem for both philosophers: their attitude to life around them and a possibility to manifest (accept) any form of violence. The author makes a comparative analysis of fundamental ethical principles of Gandhi's ahimsa and Schweitzer's reverence for life, determining their common and differentiating points. © 2018 Izdatel'stvo Nauka. All rights reserved
Schweitzer and Gandhi: The ahimsa factor
No full textThe work discusses how much Mohandas Gandhi's and Albert Schweitzer's beliefs coincide and differ in the context of the key problem for both philosophers: their attitude to life around them and a possibility to manifest (accept) any form of violence. The author makes a comparative analysis of fundamental ethical principles of Gandhi's ahimsa and Schweitzer's reverence for life, determining their common and differentiating points. © 2018 Izdatel'stvo Nauka. All rights reserved
Gandhi\u27s philosophical concept of ahimsa in relation to the quest for peace of Philippines 2000
No full textThis thesis tries to show that despite the Philippine experience of a violent and bloody revolution against Spain and the two wars against the United States and Japan, a peaceful settlement of conflicts is attainable. Using Gandhi\u27s views on Satyagraha and ahimsa and Thoreau\u27s idea of civil disobedience, at least some events in Philippine history followed a pattern of peace to achieve certain ends. The author refers to the Epifanio de los Santos (EDSA) Avenue People Power Revolution and the settlement of the Mindanao conflict through the creation of the Southern Philippines Council for Peace and Development. If peace is given a chance and the leaders are sincere in their efforts to effect settlements, then a lasting ahimsa is possible
Marginal voices: Ying Chen’s ecocritical discourse in <i>Ahimsa</i>
No full textIn Ahimsa (2023), Ying Chen reprises the narrative representation of animals, this time through the conceit of reincarnation. The Chinese Canadian author gives voice to a rat, fly and snake who reveal their mutual connection with “le Maître” in their past life. This enlightened being, identified in the text’s description as Mahatma Gandhi, lived and preached according to “ahimsa”, the principle of pacificism, compassion and respect for all living things. The individual stories of the creatures’ respective relationships with “le Maître” are interspersed with his teachings of non-violence and cooperation alongside an ecocritical discourse on urban expansion, environmental damage, climate change and the disappearance of species. From the movement between past and present, human and animal, fact and fiction, the importance of margins emerges. The author chooses maligned creatures that are rarely attributed literary agency to be at the heart of her narrative and to represent marginalized people – those who are infirm, or failures and misfits, or from an inferior caste. The first section of the article interrogates this employment of individual animal narrators and examines how the forms, existences and lifeworlds of these creatures are presented, as well as their relationship to humanity. It takes into account recent theories about unnatural narration and current ecocriticism in China, particularly the branch of “spiritual ecology” and the practice of “environing at the margins”. The second section examines Chen’s ecocritical discourse expressed by collective voices and the politics and aesthetics of what/who is included and excluded. It identifies the environmental issues depicted and investigates how nonhuman subjects are taken into ethical consideration. By coupling unnatural narratology with ecocriticism, this article not only analyses a very recent work of animal narrative fiction from a perspective on the margins, but also reappraises what we know, or assume, in the West about human-animal relations.<br/
“AHIMSA” PRINCIPLE IN THE RELIGIOUS AND CULTURAL PRACTICES OF ANCIENT AND CONTEMPORARY INDIA
Get PDFPurpose: The paper is focused on the development of the ahimsa principle and its specifics in the ideology of ancient and contemporary India, in its religious and cultural practices.
Methodology: An in-depth analysis of the sacred texts of Brahmanism, Jainism, and Hinduism allows to provide a philosophical and anthropological definition of the concepts of violence and non-violence in Indian ideology and its religious and cultural practices. A review of the concepts of violence and non-violence in the religions of contemporary and ancient India is made.
Result: The author concludes that issues of violence and non-violence in religious traditions are primarily based on prerequisites connected with religion and world views resulting from concepts concerning the beginnings of life. Hinduism emerged from concepts of Universal sacrifice as the origin of being, that is why its interpretation of violence and non-violence is different from that in monotheistic religious traditions.
Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students.
Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of “AHIMSA” Principle in the Religious and Cultural Practices of Ancient and Contemporary India is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner
<i>Ahimsa</i> (Non-violence) in the Indian Ethos
No full text In a world fraught with violence in its macabre form, it is essential to have a broad and clear understanding of the principle of non-violence (ahimsa), its various nuances, its potential and limitations. Covering a span of wisdom literature on the Indian ethos from the times of the Upanishads to the works of modern seers like Gandhi, Tagore and Aurobindo, the author presents the notions of non-violence and violence along a finely graduated scale instead of going into sharp polarities. While making a clear distinction between gross physical violence and the subtle play of violence in words, thoughts and ideas, the paper goes on to offer a critique of modern technology and nuclear proliferation for perpetrating violence on nature and fellow human beings in the name of progress and development. While expressing his admiration for the Gandhian principle of non-violence, the author advocates practical idealism that admits violence with caution but without hatred for the purpose of general welfare (lokasamgraha), along the lines of the messages of Krishna in the Gita. This is of practical necessity till such time as the world has been awakened to a heightened level of spiritual consciousness. </jats:p
Kilka uwag na temat źródeł ahinsy, jej przejawów, przeciwieństw i związanych z nią dylematów współczesności
No full textThe article presents the author’s ethical reminiscences about the sources of ahimsa and the possibility of finding its meaning in the western world. The author points to ahimsa in the context of Western attempts to justify aggression in theories of K. Lorenz. He contrasts the Lorenz theory with the Eibl-Eibesfeldt theory. He is looking for justification of ahimsa on the western ground. He shows selected interpretations of ahimsa in the texts of Upanishads, as well as texts from the tradition of Indian Yoga and Jainism. The conclusion concerns the dilemmas that appear in the Western world, which rejected the principle of ahimsa
CD38+ Liver Stellate Cells in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients with Fibrosis
Get PDFBackground: Approximately 3% of the world population is infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). Protein of hepatitis C virus modulates apoptosis and steatosis, liver cell injury, activates liver stellate cells and liver fibrosis. Hepatitis C virus infection will cause injury to the hepatocytes. This injury to the hepatocyte will activate liver stellate cells. Stellate cells have a huge role in the development of liver fibrosis. The objective of this study is to evaluate the difference of active CD38+ liver stellate cells in various degree of fibrosis as well as its relation with aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and quantitative amount of hepatitis c virus ribonucleic acid (HCV RNA) in chronic hepatitis C.Method: This study was a cross-sectional study performed in 32 patients with chronic hepatitis C who had undergone liver USG, did not suffer from hepatoma, had undergone liver biopsy. Paraffin block of patients’ liver tissue was further stained using Haematoxylin and Eosin technique to identify the Metavir degree which is categorized into mild-moderate or severe degree. Special staining is performed to evaluate liver stellate cells that were then counted in averagely in five fields of view.Results: In this study, we found significant difference in the amount of CD38+ stellate liver cells between severe and mild-moderate fibrosis (p 0.001), there was no association between CD38+ stellate liver cells with AST (p = 0.2) or ALT (p = 0.7), and there was association between CD38+ stellate liver cells with quantitative HCV RNA (r = -0.372).Conclusion: Total amount of CD38+ stellate liver cells in severe fibrosis was higher compared to the total amount of CD38+ liver stellate cells in mild-moderate fibrosis. There was no association between the value of AST, ALT, and quantitative HCV RNA with the number of CD38+ stellate liver cells.</jats:p
FENOMENOLOGI AGAMA: PENDEKATAN FENOMENOLOGI UNTUK MEMAHAMI AGAMA
Get PDFIn this article the author explains what is called ‘phenomenological approach’ in the study of religion. Starting from Husserl’s philosophy of phenomenology, the author tracing its influences in social science through one of Husserl’s students, Alfred Schutz. Based on Husserl’s ideas developed by Schutz, the author presents his views how those ideas can be applied in the study of religion, and how religion can be defined phenomenologically. The author further explains some methodological ethical implications of doing phenomenological research on religion.***Dalam tulisan ini penulis menjelaskan apa yang disebut ‘pendekatan fenomenologi’ dalam kajian agama. Berangkat dari filsafat fenomenologi Husserl, penulis melacak pengaruhnya pada ilmu sosial melalui salah seorang murid Husserl, Alfred Schultz. Berdasarkan ide Husserl yang dikembangkan oleh Schultz, penulis menyajikan pandangannya bagaimana ide-ide itu dapat diterapkan dalam kajian agama, dan bagaimana agama dapat didefinisikan secara fenomenologis. Penulis selanjutnya menjelaskan beberapa implikasi etis metodologis jika melakukan kajian fenomenologis terhadap agama
FENOMENOLOGI AGAMA: PENDEKATAN FENOMENOLOGI UNTUK MEMAHAMI AGAMA
No full textIn this article the author explains what is called ‘phenomenological approach’ in the study of religion. Starting from Husserl’s philosophy of phenomenology, the author tracing its influences in social science through one of Husserl’s students, Alfred Schutz. Based on Husserl’s ideas developed by Schutz, the author presents his views how those ideas can be applied in the study of religion, and how religion can be defined phenomenologically. The author further explains some methodological ethical implications of doing phenomenological research on religion.
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Dalam tulisan ini penulis menjelaskan apa yang disebut ‘pendekatan fenomenologi’ dalam kajian agama. Berangkat dari filsafat fenomenologi Husserl, penulis melacak pengaruhnya pada ilmu sosial melalui salah seorang murid Husserl, Alfred Schultz. Berdasarkan ide Husserl yang dikembangkan oleh Schultz, penulis menyajikan pandangannya bagaimana ide-ide itu dapat diterapkan dalam kajian agama, dan bagaimana agama dapat didefinisikan secara fenomenologis. Penulis selanjutnya menjelaskan beberapa implikasi etis metodologis jika melakukan kajian fenomenologis terhadap agama
