8,047 research outputs found
Deng Deng
Full text linkabstract: Deng Deng was six years old when the Arabs attacked his village.
“Lost Boys Found” is an ongoing, interdisciplinary project that is collecting, recording and archiving the oral histories of the Lost Boys/Girls of Sudan. The collection is a work-in-progress, seeking to record the oral history of as many Lost Boys/Girls as are willing, and will be used in a future book.Age: 20Region: WeilThis picture and bio was donated to the Lost Boys Found project from The Arizona Lost Boys Cente
Evolutionary change of trends in prevalence of cucurbits-infecting viruses in Taiwan, 1981-2011
No full text台灣瓜類栽培面積廣且週年都有生產，時空重疊或銜接的結果，使得瓜類病毒病流行不絕，為生產體系中的限制因子。現有紀錄感染台灣瓜類的病毒有16種，包括蚜蟲傳播的：甜菜西方黃化病毒(Beet western yellows virus, BWYV)、瓜類蚜媒黃化病毒 (Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus, CABYV)、胡瓜嵌紋病毒(Cucumber mosaic virus, CMV)、甜瓜蚜媒黃化病毒(Melon aphid-borne yellows virus, MABYV)、甜瓜脈綠嵌紋病毒 (Melon vein-banding mosaic virus, MVbMV)、木瓜輪點病毒 (Papaya ringspot virus, PRSV)、絲瓜蚜媒黃化病毒 (Suakwa aphid-borne yellows virus, SABYV)、矮南瓜黃化嵌紋病毒 (Zucchini yellow mosaic virus, ZYMV)；薊馬傳播的：海芋黃班病毒 (Calla lily chlorotic spot virus, CCSV)、甜瓜黃班病毒 (Melon yellow spot virus, MYSV)、番茄斑點萎凋病毒 (Tomato spotted wilt virus, TSWV)、西瓜銀斑紋病毒 (Watermelon silver mottle virus, WSMoV)；粉蝨傳播的：瓜類退綠黃化病毒 (Cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus, CCYV)、南瓜捲葉菲律賓病毒 (Squash leaf curl Philippine virus, SLCPHV)、番茄捲葉新德里病毒 (Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus, ToLCNDV)，及種子傳播的：胡瓜綠斑嵌紋病毒 (Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus, CGMMV)。其中 CGMMV、CMV、MVbMV、MYSV、PRSV、ToLCNDV、及 ZYMV 還可經由病株汁液傳播。
台灣自1944年農家便覽即有瓜類病毒病害記錄，到最近的報告數據顯示，蚜蟲媒介傳播的病毒一直都是瓜類作物上主要的流行病毒，包括 ZYMV、PRSV、及 CMV 以非永續性方式，CABYV 以永續性方式傳播。1990s 年代南黃薊馬 (Thrips palmi) 以永續型方式傳播的 tospoviruses 崛起，WSMoV 及 MYSV 陸續成為主流病毒。銀葉粉蝨 (Bemisia argentifolii) 入侵立足台灣後，begomoviruses 靠其媒介傳播感染瓜類，其中 SLCPHV 為 2008年以來造成洋香瓜絕產的流行病毒。
2009年中爆發另一粉蝨傳播的病毒 CCYV，短期內台灣各種瓜類皆受其感染。但2011 年初由於連續低溫，開春較晚，粉蝨蟲媒密度低，病毒病疫情得以稍緩。
Cucurbits are cultivated widely and annually in Taiwan and the growth periods or field spaces are always overlapped or linked up that give rise to prevalence of viral diseases. Incessantly prevailing virus infection is a restriction factor in the production of cucurbits. In Taiwan, cucurbits are infected by 16 species of viruses, including the aphid-transmitted viruses: Beet western yellows virus (BWYV), Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus (CABYV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Melon aphid-borne yellows virus (MABYV), Melon vein-banding mosaic virus (MVbMV), Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV), Suakwa aphid-borne yellows virus (SABYV), Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV); the thrips-transmitted viruses: Calla lily chlorotic spot virus (CCSV), Melon yellow spot virus (MYSV), Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), Watermelon silver mottle virus (WSMoV); the whitefly-transmitted viruses: Cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus (CCYV), Squash leaf curl Philippine virus (SLCPHV), Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV), and the seed-transmitted Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV). Among them, CGMMV, CMV, MVbMV, MYSV, PRSV, ToLCNDV, and ZYMV can also be mechanically transmitted with diseased plant sap. Cucurbit virus occurred in Taiwan has been recorded since 1944, and the current data show that the aphid-transmitted viruses have been the most prevalent in cucurbits all the time. They
are ZYMV, PRSV, and CMV which are transmitted by non-persistent manner and
CABYV by persistent manner. Tospoviruses which are persistently transmitted by
thrips (Thrips palmi) in Taiwan emerged in 1990s and ever since WSMoV and MYSV
have become the major viruses successively. Begomoviruses were extensively spread after their vector the silver leaf whitefly (Bemisia argentifolii) invaded and established in Taiwan. Among the begomoviruses SLCPHV has become the major prevalent virus and has almost wiped out the muskmelon production since 2008. Another whitefly-transmitted virus is CCYV which broke out in 2009. All cucurbit cultivars in Taiwan were infected by CCYV in a very short period. However, due to the continuing low temperature, the relatively late start of spring, and the low whitefly population density at the beginning of 2011, the virus epidemic was slightly lessened
(34(2):195-2060Identification of Maize Dwarf Mosaic Virus B Strain and Screening for Resistance of Corn
No full text從罹患嵌紋病的玉米植株分離出來的一種病毒，經接種到判別植物所呈現之反應，鑑定屬於玉米矮化嵌紋病毒B 型系統（Maize dwarf mosaic Virus B Strain, MDMV-B ）。於溫室內對玉米幼苗進行接種試驗，以觀察該病毒在玉米植株上病徵之發展，並藉以探討玉米品系對MDMV-B 的抗病反應，發現其適切的環境是在春季（晝溫20-30 ℃ ）。將Kuhm和Smith 兩氏用以評估玉米抗MDMV 的病害指數系統（disease index System ）加以修飾，依據不同之病害指數（Disease Index, D. I.），將各玉米品系對本病毒之抗病程度分為抗病（D.I.= 0-24 ）、中抗（D.I.= 25-50 ）、中感（D.I.= 51-74 ）、和感病（D.I.= 75-100 ）等四級。檢定現有玉米推廣品種，結果發現臺南5 號、臺南11 號、臺農351 、及超甜236 等皆呈感病性。然從三個不同來源收集之616 個品系中，篩選出PI. 530, SW. 732, SW. 727, SW.666 , SW.563 , SW.671 , SW.551 及SW.660 等八個品系具有抗病性。
A virus isolated from diseased corn plant and tested on differential hosts was identified as maize dwarf mosaic virus B strain (MDMV-B) In order to observe the symptom development in corn plants and determine the optimum conditions for the screening of corn cultivars/lines resistant to this virus, corn seedlings at 3-4 leaf stage inoculated with MDMV-B at different seasons were kept in the greenhouse. The result indicated that day temperature ranged from 20 to 30°C in spring season were the best conditions for these studies. Methods for evaluating the degrees of resistance was primarily based on disease index (D. I.) system as described by Kuhn and Smith (15), however, it was with modification. Based on different disease index, there were four distinct reactions, i. e. resistant (D. I. =0-24), moderately resistant (D. I. =25-50), moderately susceptible (D. I. = 51-74) and susceptible (D. I. = 75-100), used for rating the resistance in this experiment. The results showed that mostly released cultivars of Tainan No. 5, Tainan No. 11, Tainong No. 351 and Super Sweet No. 236 were susceptible, and PI. 530, SW. 732, SW. 727, SW. 666, SW. 563, SW. 551, SW. 671, SW. 560 from 616 corn lines of three different origins were resistant to maize dwarf mosaic virus B strain
Deng Atem
Full text linkabstract: Deng Atem witnessed his village being burned and people being killed. He was seven years old when the militia came into his village.
“Lost Boys Found” is an ongoing, interdisciplinary project that is collecting, recording and archiving the oral histories of the Lost Boys/Girls of Sudan. The collection is a work-in-progress, seeking to record the oral history of as many Lost Boys/Girls as are willing, and will be used in a future book.Age: 27Region: Bahr al GhazalThis picture and bio was donated to the Lost Boys Found project from The Arizona Lost Boys Cente
Malek Deng
No full textabstract: Malek Deng left his home at the age of seven because his village was attacked.
“Lost Boys Found” is an ongoing, interdisciplinary project that is collecting, recording and archiving the oral histories of the Lost Boys/Girls of Sudan. The collection is a work-in-progress, seeking to record the oral history of as many Lost Boys/Girls as are willing, and will be used in a future book.Age: 28Region: Bahr al GhazalThis picture and bio was donated to the "Lost Boys Found" oral history project from The Arizona Lost Boys Cente
Hopefully a Good Life: Cosmopolitan Chinese Migrant Families in Urban Italy
Full text linkChinese residents have grown to be one of the most prosperous migrant groups in Italy since their mass migration from China in the 1980s. Alongside their rapid upward economic mobility, parents and children within the same families have shown generational differences in their understandings
of the good life. While older generations believed that the good life means economic mobility, which is achieved through their labour and migration, younger generations’ definition of the good life, rooted in their negative experiences of racialization, is associated with social recognition. Such
generational differences stem from the shifting tensions between the contested racial and national orders in association with Italy’s economic stagnation and China’s global ascendancy. Yet, both generations of these desiring subjects have manifested their own conceptions of cosmopolitan Chinese-ness to survive precarity and to aspire to a better life both economically and socially. Their
family stories thus contribute to anthropological debates on how people envision their futures between hope and precarity, expectation and uncertainty, and privilege and disadvantages amid racialized class terrains, generational tensions, and geopolitical transformation of the world order
sj-docx-1-ict-10.1177_15347354211033352 – Supplemental material for Feasibility of Aerobic Exercise and Tai-Chi Interventions in Advanced Lung Cancer Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-ict-10.1177_15347354211033352 for Feasibility of Aerobic Exercise and Tai-Chi Interventions in Advanced Lung Cancer Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial by Denise Shuk Ting Cheung, Naomi Takemura, Tai Chung Lam, James Chung Man Ho, Wen Deng, Robert Smith, Yinxia Yan, Anne Wing Mui Lee and Chia Chin Lin in Integrative Cancer Therapies</p
(67(3):270-282)Phylogenetic Analysis and Grouping Detection of Species Shallot latent virus by Nested-PCR
No full text搜尋美國國家生物技術資訊中心(National Center for Biotechnology Information; NCBI) GenBank 登錄之分蔥潛隱病毒種 (species Shallot latent virus; SLV) 分離株鞘蛋白基因核苷酸序列，進行親緣分析。本研究可將現有SLV 分為3 個分類群：第一群 (G1)、第二群 (G2)、第三群 (G3)。2015−2016 年間採集台灣的蔥屬植物樣品，進行酶聯抗體免疫分析 (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; ELISA) 及反轉錄-聚合酶鏈鎖反應 (reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction; RT-PCR)，檢出10株SLV。將其鞘蛋白基因核苷酸序列定序，其中6 株
SLV 鞘蛋白基因核苷酸長度為894 bp，屬於第一群 (G1)；另外4 株鞘蛋白基因核苷酸長度為885 bp，屬於第三群 (G3)。不同SLV 之病毒株鞘蛋白基因核苷酸序列的相同度大於74.3%，胺基酸序列相同度大於84.4%。根據所分類的各群病毒鞘蛋白基因核苷酸序列之差異，設計個別的專一性引子，進行RT-PCR，並配合巢式-聚合酶鏈鎖反應 (nested-polymerase chain reaction; nested-PCR)，可針對第一群 (G1) 病毒株增幅出187 bp 的條帶，第二群 (G2) 病毒株增幅出548 bp 的條帶，第三群 (G3) 病毒株增幅出540 bp 的條帶。將134 個經RTPCR 測得SLV 的蔥科作物樣本進行上述的nested-PCR，其中52 個蒜球與25 個蒜苗的病毒株中，分別有51 個與24 個病毒株為第一群；11 個韭菜的病毒株皆為第三群，其中有9 個另有檢出第一群者；34 個青蔥的 SLV 中，有5 株為第一群，19 株為第三群、15 株均有檢出第一群與第三群者。由本研究所檢測的台灣蔥科作物中，並無發現第二群的SLV 存在。
The coat protein (CP) gene nucleotide sequences of species Shallot latent virus (SLV) collected from National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)-GenBank database were tested for phylogenetic analysis. All the current SLV isolates tested were clustered into three groups: G1, G2 and G3. In 2015–2016, a total of 10 SLV-infected Allium materials were collected from a survey of SLV occurred in Taiwan by detecting the virus with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The CP genes of each isolates were cloned and sequenced, among 10 isolates tested, 6 isolates were clustered into G1 with 894 bp nucleotides. The others belong to G3 with 885 bp nucleotides of CP gene. Based on divergence of CP nucleotide sequences, the group specific primer pairs were designed to differentiate the groups. Following by a RT-PCR, the nested-polymerase chain reaction (nested-PCR) was performed, and the amplified DNA was 187 bp, 548 bp and 540 bp for G1, G2 and G3, respectively. Accordingly, 134 SLV-infected samples were collected and detected by RT-PCR and nested-PCR as described above. There were 51 out of 52 garlic bulbs and 24 out of 25 garlic plants were identified as G1. Moreover, a total of 11 samples from Chinese leeks were defined as G3, and 9 samples out of them were complex with G1 and G3. The other 34 samples tested from green onions were consisted of 5 belonged G1, 19 belonged G3 and 15 were complex with G1 and G3. In this study, no SLV isolates belonged G2 were found from Allium in Taiwan
(61(2):132-143)台灣瓜類退綠黃化病毒RNA2之全長核苷酸序列及其與現有株系的比較台灣瓜類退綠黃化病毒RNA2之全長核苷酸序列及其與現有株系的比較
No full textThe nucleotides of genomic RNA2 of Cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus (CCYV) isolates CCYV-Erlun (JN126045) and CCYV-Yilan (JN126046) collected from Taiwan were completely sequenced. In addition to 5’- and 3’- terminal untranslated regions, a total of 8041 bp in length encoding genes of p4.9 (132 nt), HSP70h (1671 nt), p6 (165 nt), p59 (1554 nt), p9 (240 nt), CP (753 nt), CPm (1425 nt), and p26 (642 nt) were determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and rapid amplification of 5' complementary DNA ends (5’-RACE). The CP gene-targeted primers for RT-PCR would be useful for improving the sensitivity and accuracy of CCYV detection. Comparative analyses of the nucleotide sequences of CCYV isolates with those of various geographic origins including Japan, Taiwan, China, and Sudan revealed that the identities are as high as 99% to 100% in respective genes of HSP70h, CP, CPm and entire RNA2. Entropy plotting demonstrated the variability of nucleotide sequences among two Taiwan isolates and an initial Japan isolate had only 12 divergent nt in a total of 8041 nt of RNA2, and the nucleotide sequence variance located mainly in the 5’- and 3’- terminal regions. The remarkable homogeneity and very close cluster of all CCYV nucleotide sequences available for the phylogenetic analyses indicate that all the currently existing CCYV isolates in the world were originated from the same source.
瓜類退綠黃化病毒 (Cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus, CCYV) 雲林縣二崙鄉分離株 (CCYV-Erlun)與宜蘭縣壯圍鄉分離株 (CCYV-Yilan)，以反轉錄聚合酶鏈式反應 (RT-PCR) 及 Rapid amplificationof 5’ complementary DNA ends (5’ RACE) 等方法將其 RNA2 完全解序，各得全長為 8041 bp 之核苷酸序列；除 5’- 和 3’- 未轉譯端外，包括 p4.9 基因 (132 nt)、HSP70h 基因 (1671 nt)、p6 基因 (165nt)、p59 基因 (1554 nt)、p9 基因 (240 nt)、CP 基因 (753 nt)、CPm 基因 (1425 nt) 及 p26 基因 (642nt)。利用其中 CP 基因序列設計引子對進行 RT-PCR，可提高 CCYV 檢測的敏感性與準確性。藉由 RNA2 核苷酸序列比對及親緣分析，結果顯示於台灣發現之CCYV-Erlun (JN126045) 及CCYVYilan (JN126046) 都與日本、台灣、中國及蘇丹之 CCYV 相關核苷酸序列相同度達 99–100%。熵圖 (Entropy plot) 顯示兩個台灣分離株與日本原始分離株的 RNA2 核苷酸差異只有 12 nt (在總數8041 nt 中)，且主要都發生在 5’- 及 3’- 端未轉譯區。本研究發現目前全球各地發生之 CCYV 分離株彼此間基因同質性極高，親緣關係非常近，因此推論這些病毒都是同一來源
The Occurrence of Sap-transmissible Virus Diseases of Grapevine in Taiwan
No full text經5 年採集並利用汁液接種草本檢定植物，檢定本省葡萄呈現黃斑型病徵之病害標本，並經單斑分離得到5個病毒分離株；其中2個病毒分離株與TmRSV抗血清有正反應，且利用電子顯微鏡觀察病株粗汁液與組織切片時，均發現直徑26~30mm之球型病毒，顯示此分離株為TmRSV之系統。以G614病毒分離株接種在Nicotiana benthamiana植株上，進行純化，並製得G614病毒抗血清。利用ELISA測定自田間採集的430株疑似病毒病株，發現有4%的病株與G614抗血清反應，10.7%的病株與TmRSV抗血清反應，17.4%的病株與GFLV抗血清反應，8.4%的病株與GBLV抗血清反應。另自中部葡萄田逢機調查的1742株樣品中，發現有13.8%的樣品呈現可疑黃斑病毒病徵，經ELISA測定結果僅有1.3%（22株）與G614抗血清反應。又以TmRSV及GFLV抗血清檢定本所葡萄種源庫內呈現疑似黃斑病毒病徵的69個葡萄品系中，發現S1207、S1076、S1191等3個品系與TmRSV抗血清反應，然對GFLV抗血清並無反應。
Some virus-like disorders showing yellow mottle or yellow vein symptoms on grapevines were found in some vineyards in Taichung areas. These diseases were confirmed to be transmitted to herbaceous indicator plants by mechanical inoculation of sap. Five virus isolates were isolated from single lesions. Two isolates of them were confirmed to be a strain of tomato ringspot virus (TRSV). Spherical virus particles with a diameter of 26-30 nm were observed. Antiserum against G614 virus isolate was produced. By ELISA test in field, of 430 virus-like vine collections tested, 4%, 10.7%, 17.4% and 8.4% showed positive reaction to antisera against G614, TRSV, GFLV and GBLV, respectively, Of 1742 vines tested, 1.3% showed positive reaction to antiserum against G614. Of 69 tested lines of grapvine in TARI 3 of them (S1207, S1076, S1191) showed positive reaction to antiserum against TRSV, but all of them showed negative result to antiserum against GFLV
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