105 research outputs found
Tunnug 1 (Arzhan 0) – an early Scythian kurgan in Tuva Republic, Russia
No full textThe burial mound Tunnug 1 (Arzhan 0) lies in a swamp of the Uyuk River Valley, Tuva Republic, Russia. The construction of this princely Scythian tomb is similar to the earliest identified Scythian kurgan Arzhan 1. Preserved wood from the burial mound was dated through AMS to the 9th century BCE. This confirms that Tunnug 1 (Arzhan 0) belongs to the oldest Scythian cultural horizon and potentially predates Arzhan 1. Due to its peculiar topographic location Tunnug 1 (Arzhan 0) appears to be a frozen tomb
Kurgan Tunnug 1—New Data on the Earliest Horizon of Scythian Material Culture
No full textQuestions surrounding the emergence of highly mobile nomadic pastoralism and the origins of the associated Scythian material culture have a long history in Eurasian steppe archaeology, but advances in knowledge have been hindered by a lack of data. Here we present new findings on the Early Iron Age royal burial mound Tunnug 1 in Tuva. While the site belongs to the same cultural tradition as Arzhan 1, the conceptual roots of the funerary ritual architecture can be traced to precursors in the Mongun Taiga culture and the Mongolian deer stone khirigsuur complex. The clay architecture uncovered at Tunnug 1 does not find any regional comparisons and possibly hints towards a western Central Asian contribution to the formation of the earliest Scythian horizon. Our research demonstrates the value of a multi-disciplinary approach to documenting monumental earthen architecture, including technical approaches (satellite imagery, aerial photographs, 3D models, digital elevation models, geophysics, and radiocarbon dating) with an analysis of construction material and associated finds
Deciphering Circular Anthropogenic Anomalies in PALSAR Data—Using L-Band SAR for Analyzing Archaeological Features on the Steppe
No full textSynthetic aperture radar has been employed for archaeological purposes for nearly forty years: nonetheless, its application among archaeological practitioners has remained limited. We analyzed circular anthropogenic anomalies in a steppe environment in PALSAR-2 data, which appeared as a homogeneous group of signatures. Each anomaly was examined using additional SAR and optical data, as well as investigated through extensive ground truth and, in one case, excavation. We found the anomalies to originate from a wide range of processes and structural characteristics showing the non-intuitive complexity of SAR data interpretation. We found that this is likely the reason for the limited application SAR has seen within the archaeological community. In order to improve the usage of SAR for archaeological purposes beyond change detection and digital elevation models, specific products that are more readily understandable and superior to optical data in a narrow frame of application should be developed
THE EARLY SCYTHIAN BURIAL MOUND TUNNUG-1: PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF THE EXCAVATION OF THE SOUTHERN PERIPHERY
No full textКурган Туннуг-1 расположен в Республике Тыва, в так называемой «Долине царей», но не на высокой речной террасе, а в низкой пойме, что позволяет надеяться на хорошую сохранность археологического материала. По предварительным данным он относится к самому раннему, «аржанскому»
горизонту раннескифской культуры и, по всей видимости, несколько древнее кургана Аржан-1.Первый год раскопок принес достаточно неожиданные результаты. Ранняя дата кургана была подтверждена и уточнена, но основные полевые работы проводились на периферии памятника, которая оказалась плотно застроенной объектами более позднего времени. В статье представлены отдельные объекты начала нашей эры и средневековья. Расположение погребальных и ритуальных объектов в низкой пойме всегда считалось нехарактерным для всех представленных в материалах памятника археологических культур, что потребует дополнительного объяснения с привлечением данных естественных наук и реконструкции палеоландшафтной и палеоклиматической ситуации для всех рассматриваемых периодов. Работы совместной российско-швейцарской экспедиции на памятнике будут продолжены. Ключевые слова: Тува, Туннуг, Аржан, раннескифское время, погребальные конструкции, Кокэль, ритуальные объекты, археология поймы
New evidence for a bronze age date of chariot depictions in the eurasian steppes
No full textTwo-wheeled horse-drawn chariot depictions in the Eurasian steppe have long been stylistically dated to the Bronze Age. Here we present an example of a petroglyph embedded in the architecture of an early Scythian royal tomb in the Tuva Republic, Siberia. The construction of the tomb is dated through wiggle-matching to between 833 and 800 BCE (95.4%) thus providing a rare terminus ante quem for chariot depictions in southern Siberia.The new evidence supports the current chronological range for this type of petroglyph in the Eurasian steppe belt
Comparing analysis of pretreatment methods of wood and bone materials for the chronology of peripheral burials at Tunnug 1, Tuva Republic, Russia - Erratum
No full textThe polymorphism and tradition of funerary practices of medieval Turks in light of new findings from Tuva Republic.
No full textThe medieval Turks of the eastern Asian steppe are known for funerary finds exalting horsemanship and military heroism that thrived on intertribal warfare. Existing bodies of research on various categories of objects-which include architecture, stelae, grave goods and inhumations-are in depth but highly regionalized. As a result, our understanding of the archaeological culture of the Turks on a spatio-temporal scale commensurate with territorial shifts in their political dominion throughout the period of the Turk khaganates (mid-6th to mid-8th centuries CE) remains disjunct. The present paper addresses this problem of disparate data. We present a synthesis of the archaeological research of medieval Turks spanning Mongolia, southern Siberia, and Xinjiang in view of results of the excavation of medieval burials at Tunnug 1 in Tuva Republic-where Turkic remains are dispersed and not easily distinguishable from other funerary cultures of connecting time periods. We argue that Turkic funerary culture can be better characterized as polymorphic-the presence of different regional amalgams of burial traditions. The horse-and-human burials and commemorative ogradka known to be quintessentially Turkic are but one of the more dominant amalgams. This pattern of differential practices is congruent with the history of medieval Turks evolving as peoples of mixed lineages and political groupings, rather than people of a unitary culture
Didactic software for chemistry education at the ISCED 2 level
No full text1 ABSTRACT The current chemistry education solves problems related primarily to the setting of the curriculum contents, which would be professionally correct, appropriately extensive, and at the same time connected with current aspects of life in modern society, and to problems of teaching strategies that would stimulate the students into an interest in science and commitment to it. The main goal of this dissertation is to create an educational website with an interactive chemistry course for lower secondary schools (ISCED 2) and verify its effectiveness in school practice. The first part of the dissertation describes methods of interactive chemistry teaching supporting the increase of the students' cognitive activity and the effectiveness of the learning process using ICT. The second part characterizes the chemistry course thus created and lists various ways to apply interactive teaching in it. Our interactive course contains a total of 14 thematic units, each with 2-6 subthemes. All themes are processed with respect to the practical application of the subject matter using the listed interactive education methods. This course was tested in 2018-2020 during chemistry lessons in Kazakhstan and Czech Republic, and the students' opinions toward interactive teaching in this study were tested using a simple..
A Graceful Basis in the Solution Space of an ODE with Constant Coefficients
No full textWe revisit the classical problem of construction of a fundamental system of
solutions to a linear ODE whose elements remain analytic and linearly
independent for all values of the roots of the characteristic polynomial.Comment: 3 page
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