1,721,001 research outputs found
ILWIS GIS for Monitoring Landscapes in Tundra Ecosystems: Yamal Peninsula, Russia
No full textBrief Summary • distribution of various land cover types in Yamal Peninsula • monitoring changes in tundra landscapes • analysis of the landscape dynamics during the past two decades (1988-2011). Data: Landsat TM scenes for 1988 and 2011 years. Originality: Application of ILWIS GIS spatial analysis tools and Landsat imagery for Bovanenkovo region in Yamal. Methodology Technical tools: The RS data processing was performed in ILWIS GIS software. Research method: Image interpretation applied to Landsat TM scenes, and supervised classification. Geographic location: Yamal Peninsula, north Russia. Yamal Peninsula: geomorphology Specific climatic-environmental settings of Yamal Peninsula: flat geomorphology, elevations < 90 m. Processes: • seasonal flooding, • active erosion processing, • permafrost distribution and • intensive local landslides formation. Yamal Peninsula: environmental settings One of the typical process in Yamal tundra: cryogenic landslides. Landslides affect local ecosystem structure, because they change vegetation types recovering after the disaster. Image classification • The key research method is supervised classification (Minimal Distance), which is based on the spatial analysis of spectral signatures of object variables, i.e. vegetation types. • The classes sampling was performed using Sample Set tool in ILWIS GIS. • The training pixels for each land cover type were selected as representative samples and stored as classification key. • Requirement for training pixels: they have contrasting colors, visually visible and distinguishable on the image. Thematic mapping Layouts of main research results represent maps of the land cover classes. The created domain Land classes includes legend with representation colors visualizing each category. Environmental Analysis Results show: • overall increase of woody vegetation (willows and shrubs) • decrease of peatlands, grass and heath areas. This illustrates environmental process of greening in Arctic, i.e. the unnatural increase of woody plants. The gradual changes in patterns and distribution of plant species affect landscape structure in Yamal. Triggering factors: • complex environmental changes in Arctic • local cryogenic processes (e.g. successive change in vegetation recovering after cryogenic landslides
ILWIS GIS for Monitoring Landscapes in Tundra Ecosystems: Yamal Peninsula, Russia
No full textThe paper focuses on the monitoring changes in Russian tundra landscapes and distribution of various land cover types in Yamal Peninsula, Russia, during the past two decades. Specific climate and environmental settings of the study area facilitate seasonal flooding, active erosion processing, permafrost distribution and local landslide formation. Technically, the research has been performed using ILWIS GIS applied for satellite images comparative analysis using GIS supervised classification methods.P. Lemenkova, B. Forbes, and T. Kumpula. "ILWIS GIS for Monitoring Landscapes in Tundra Ecosystems: Yamal Peninsula, Russia". In: Remote Sensing and Global Surveillance. 3rd Inter- national Geosciences Student Conference (Association of Geophysicists and Environmentalists of Serbia (AGES), May 29–31, 2012). Serbia, Belgrade, 2012. isbn: 978-86-913953-5-3. doi: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7434236.v1
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Mapping Land Cover Changes Using Landsat TM: A Case Study of Yamal Ecosystems, Arctic Russia
No full textThis paper details changes in land cover types and vegetation distribution in tundra landscapes during the past two decades. The main method of the work is classification of the Landsat TM scenes for land cover change detection. The new approach of the current work is application of GIS and remote sensing tools for Bovanenkovo region, since there is no previous remote sensing and GIS-based studies performed in the same area focusing research problem of land cover changes. The research area is geographically located on the Bovanenkovo region, the north-western part of Yamal Peninsula, West Siberia, Russia. The Yamal Peninsula is the world’s largest high-latitude wetland system covering in total 900,000 km² of peatlands, since lowland region creates ideal conditions for the development of wetlands, dense lake and river network (Kremenetski et al. 2003). The geomorphology of Yamal Peninsula is flat homogeneous land and low-lying plains with maximal elevations lower than 90 meters (Walker et al. 2009). Such environmental settings of Yamal facilitate seasonal flooding, active erosion processing, permafrost distribution and intensive local landslides formation.The dominating vegetation types on Yamal include different types of shrubs and willows, heath, grasses, moss, and lichens. Changes in land cover types in the Russian North are caused by various reasons. These include multiple ecological and social factors, such as permafrost degradation, reindeer grazing and gas-field development, as well as overall environmental changes, including climate (Walker et al. 2009). One of the factors causing changes in vegetation types in landslide formation. Thus, the early-stage vegetation, such as pioneering mosses or lichens usually follows recent landslide formation, while meadows and willow shrubs with high canopy points indicate later stages of vegetation regeneration after landslide activities. Therefore, distribution of the willow shrubs on bare slopes may indicate that these areas were landslide-affected in the past (Ukraintseva and Leibman, 2007; Leibman and Kizyakov, 2007). Current research focuses on application of remote sensing data and GIS methods for land cover change detection in Bovanenkovo region. Technically, the data processing was performed in ILWIS GIS, using methods of image interpretation and supervised classification applied for Landsat TM scenes (1988 and 2011). The classification results indicate changes in land cover types in Yamal ecosystems, namely, the overall increase in woody plants, such as willows and shrub tundra (e.g. "short shrub tundra", "sparse short shrub tundra" and "dry short shrub tundra"), and slight decrease in grasses, heath and peatland. The main detected trend in these changes demonstrates process of greening in Arctic tundra, which indicates structural variations in ecosystems within the Bovanenkovo district. These changes can be explained by the complex ecological processes as well as anthropogenic influence, caused by Bovanenkovo gas field exploration and its consequences.P. Lemenkova, B. Forbes, and T. Kumpula. "Mapping Land Cover Changes Using Landsat TM: A Case Study of Yamal Ecosystems, Arctic Russia". In: Theoretical and Applied Aspects. Proceedings of 11th International Conference on Geoinformatics (Great Conference Hall of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, May 14–17, 2012). Ukraine, Kiev, 2012. doi: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7434242.v1. url: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=24527736
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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