1,721,129 research outputs found
Fitossociologia de uma Floresta Ombrófila Densa na Amazônia Setentrional, Roraima, Brasil.
Get PDFO presente estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar a composição florística e fitossociológica de uma floresta nativa no município de Caracaraí, Roraima, Brasil. Foram inventariadas todas as árvores com DAP >10 cm em 9 parcelas permanentes de 100 x 100 m (1 ha cada). Foram observados 4.724 indivíduos (525 ind.ha-1), distribuídos em 42 famílias botânicas, 111 gêneros e 165 espécies. As famílias com maior número de indivíduos foram Fabaceae (1.883), Lecythidaceae (609) e Sapotaceae (434), perfazendo 52% do total de indivíduos amostrados. O grupo composto por espécies pioneiras apresentou maior número de indivíduos (219 ind.ha-1), seguido das secundárias (193 ind.ha-1) e climácicas (113 ind.ha-1). No entanto, as secundárias obtiveram maior número de espécies (95), em detrimento de climácicas (44) e pioneiras (26). O índice de diversidade de Shannon (H? = 3,27) e o valor de equabilidade de Pielou (J = 0,64) foram inferiores aos obtidos em outros inventários florísticos na Amazônia Legal, contribuindo para isso o tamanho populacional de Pentaclethra macroloba. As espécies Pentaclethra macroloba (52,1), Eschweilera bracteosa (23,7) e Pouteria caimito(8,1) apresentaram os maiores valores de importância, perfazendo 28% do VI total. A maior parte dos indivíduos amostrados (71,3% = 374 ind.ha-1) foram registrados no estrato médio (12,4 m <altura < 26,5 m) da floresta. A comunidade florestal pode ser considerada bem estruturada, madura e diversa, portanto em bom estado de conservação. This study was carried out to characterize species composition and phytosociology of a native forest located at Caracaraí, Roraima, Brazil. All trees with breast diameter (DBH) above 10 cm in nine 1-ha-permanent plots (100 x 100 m each) were inventoried. We observed 4,724 individuals (525 trees per hectare) distributed in 42 families, 111 genera and 165 species. The families with greater number of individuals were Fabaceae (1883), Lecythidaceae (609) and Sapotaceae (434), comprising 52% of the total. The higher densities of individuals were observed in the pioneer (219 trees ha-1), followed by secondary (193 trees ha-1) and climax species (113 trees ha-1). However, species of secondary group had the highest species richness (95), followed by the climax (44) and the pioneer (26). The Shannon diversity index (H? = 3.27) and the value of Pielou equability (J = 0.64) were lower than those obtained in other floristic inventories in the Amazon, because of the high occurrence of Pentaclethra macroloba. The importance values (VI) were higher for Pentaclethra macroloba (52.1), Eschweilera bracteosa (23.7) and Pouteria caimito (8.1). The importance values of these three species alone accounted for 28% of the total VI across species. Most of the individuals (71.3% = 374 trees ha-1) were recorded in the middle stratum (12.4 m <height < 26.5 m) of forest. The forest community can be considered well-structured, mature and diverse, and so it is in good state of conservation
Integralidade do cuidado de pessoas vivendo com HIV na atenção primária no Brasil : revisão narrativa
Get PDFIntrodução: A descentralização de cuidados às pessoas que vivem com HIV (PVHIV) da atenção especializada para a atenção primária à saúde é uma estratégia preconizada pelas diretrizes do SUS visando diminuir as desigualdades e maximizar acesso aos serviços de saúde para uma efetiva resposta ao HIV. Este estudo justifica-se pela necessidade de entendimento sobre como se dá o cuidado às PVHIV quando acolhidas na atenção primária à saúde (APS), porta de entrada do SUS e ordenadora do cuidado no sistema de saúde, sendo a maximização do acesso uma forma de superação de diferenças e vulnerabilidades. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi compreender como a integralidade tem sido operacionalizada no cuidado das PVHIV no âmbito da APS. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa com abordagem qualitativa, pautada nos referenciais teóricos de vulnerabilidade e Integralidade. Foi realizada pesquisa bibliográfica em artigos sobre a temática no SciELO e no PubMed. Após critérios elegíveis, foram obtidos 12 artigos, e extraídos dados considerando informações do contexto de locais e participantes das pesquisas, acesso e retenção das PVHIV às unidades de APS, manejo do HIV em presença de outras demandas em saúde e trânsito do PVHIV na Rede de Atenção à Saúde (RAS). Análise dos Resultados: As áreas em que algumas unidades de saúde estavam localizadas margeavam locais de extrema pobreza e vulnerabilidade e, por vezes, sofriam com o atravessamento da violência que representava um fator que limitava acesso a diagnóstico e tratamento. O estigma do HIV, associado à possibilidade de quebra do sigilo, poderia expor a PVHIV à violência simbólica e risco de morte em territórios permeados pela guerra do tráfico de drogas. Algumas unidades de saúde eram centro de formação de profissionais. A depender da conduta do profissional, vulnerabilidades e o racismo estrutural eram reforçados. A maioria das PVHIV caracterizadas era formada por pessoas pobres, do sexo feminino e pretas. Em alguns estudos, a localização da unidade de saúde representou uma vantagem para acesso e retenção. Em outros, a proximidade com a residência reforçava vulnerabilidades. A capacitação representou um critério para qualificar o cuidado multiprofissional. O uso de tecnologias auxiliou na continuidade de cuidados durante a pandemia da COVID-19. A linha de cuidados aos adultos e às crianças e adolescentes vivendo com HIV foi fortalecida com a corresponsabilização de cuidados entre atenção especializada e atenção primária, sendo a atenção primária a norteadora do cuidado e responsável por levar a pessoa a acessar outros níveis da RAS em caso de necessidade. Os dados foram apresentados e discutidos considerando dimensões políticas, organizacionais e relacionais da Integralidade, mostrando diferenças entre o que estava proposto nas políticas e como se dava a prática, na operacionalização do cuidado. Conclusão: Apesar do estímulo do governo federal à descentralização do cuidado à PVHIV, o número de pessoas atendidas na APS é incipiente. É necessária qualificação profissional e compromisso dos municípios para disponibilização de insumos e capacitação de profissionais para que a integralidade do cuidado seja operacionalizada de forma plena conforme preconizado pelo ministério da saúde.Introduction: The decentralization of care for people living with HIV (PLHIV) from specialized care to primary health care is a strategy advocated by SUS guidelines aimed at reducing inequalities and maximizing access to health services for an effective response to HIV. This study is justified by the need to understand how care is provided to PLHIV when received in primary health care (PHC), the gateway to the SUS and the organizer of care in the health system, and maximizing access is a way to overcome differences and vulnerabilities. The objective of this research was to understand how comprehensiveness has been operationalized in the care of PLHIV in PHC. Methodology: This is a narrative review with a qualitative approach, based on the theoretical references of vulnerability and comprehensiveness. A bibliographic search was carried out in articles on the subject in SciELO and PubMed. After eligible criteria, 12 articles were obtained, and data were extracted considering information on the context of research sites and participants, access and retention of PLHIV to PHC units, HIV management in the presence of other health demands and transit of PLHIV in the Health Care Network (HCN). Analysis of Results: The areas in which some health units were located bordered places of extreme poverty and vulnerability and sometimes suffered from the crossing of violence that represented a factor that limited access to diagnosis and treatment. The stigma of HIV, associated with the possibility of breaking confidentiality, could expose PLHIV to symbolic violence and risk of death in territories permeated by the drug trafficking war. Some health units were training centers for professionals. Depending on the professional's conduct, vulnerabilities and structural racism were reinforced. The majority of PLHIV characterized were poor, female and black. In some studies, the location of the health facility represented an advantage for access and retention. In others, proximity to residence reinforced vulnerabilities. Training was a criterion to qualify multiprofessional care. The use of technologies helped in the continuity of care during the COVID-19 pandemic. The line of care for adults and children and adolescents living with HIV was strengthened with the co-responsibility of care between specialized care and primary care, with primary care guiding care and responsible for leading the person to access other levels of the HCN if necessary. The data were presented and discussed considering the political, organizational and relational dimensions of comprehensiveness, showing differences between what was proposed in the policies and how it was practiced in the operationalization of care. Conclusion: Despite the federal government's encouragement to decentralize care for PLHIV, the number of people served in PHC is incipient. Professional qualification and commitment of municipalities to provide inputs and training of professionals are necessary so that comprehensive care is fully operationalized as recommended by the Ministry of Health
sj-doc-1-ejo-10.1177_11206721231172534 - Supplemental material for Comparison of outcomes between cross-linking plus topoguided excimer laser ablation and intrastromal corneal ring segments for keratoconus
No full textSupplemental material, sj-doc-1-ejo-10.1177_11206721231172534 for Comparison of outcomes between cross-linking plus topoguided excimer laser ablation and intrastromal corneal ring segments for keratoconus by Rosa L. Pinheiro, Andreia M. Rosa, Tiago Monteiro, João Q. Gil, Ana Esmeralda Costa, Cristina Tavares, Maria João Quadrado and Joaquim N. Murta in European Journal of Ophthalmology</p
sj-doc-2-ejo-10.1177_11206721231172534 - Supplemental material for Comparison of outcomes between cross-linking plus topoguided excimer laser ablation and intrastromal corneal ring segments for keratoconus
No full textSupplemental material, sj-doc-2-ejo-10.1177_11206721231172534 for Comparison of outcomes between cross-linking plus topoguided excimer laser ablation and intrastromal corneal ring segments for keratoconus by Rosa L. Pinheiro, Andreia M. Rosa, Tiago Monteiro, João Q. Gil, Ana Esmeralda Costa, Cristina Tavares, Maria João Quadrado and Joaquim N. Murta in European Journal of Ophthalmology</p
sj-doc-3-ejo-10.1177_11206721231172534 - Supplemental material for Comparison of outcomes between cross-linking plus topoguided excimer laser ablation and intrastromal corneal ring segments for keratoconus
No full textSupplemental material, sj-doc-3-ejo-10.1177_11206721231172534 for Comparison of outcomes between cross-linking plus topoguided excimer laser ablation and intrastromal corneal ring segments for keratoconus by Rosa L. Pinheiro, Andreia M. Rosa, Tiago Monteiro, João Q. Gil, Ana Esmeralda Costa, Cristina Tavares, Maria João Quadrado and Joaquim N. Murta in European Journal of Ophthalmology</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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