1,720,970 research outputs found
Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae): táticas para o manejo integrado em brássicas
No full textO trabalho foi desenvolvido no Laboratório de Biologia e Criação de Insetos (LBCI) da FCAV-UNESP, para avaliar o efeito da interação entre resistência de cultivares de brássicas, inseticidas químicos e produtos vegetais e Trichogramma no controle de P/utella xy/ostella. Para tanto, avaliou-se a biologia de P. xy/ostella nas cultivares de repolho: Chato de Quintal (CQ), Midori (MD), Roxo Precoce (RP) e Híbrido Roxo (HR) e, nas cultivares de couve, Geórgia (CM) e Híbrido Geórgia HS20 (HS20) em laboratório. Avaliou-se a toxicidade dos inseticidas lufenuron e deltametrina, bem como dos produtos vegetais óleo de nim e extrato pirolenhoso, pela adequação das concentrações letais (CLso) dos produtos. Com os mesmos produtos citados, foram avaliados os efeitos sobre Trichogramma. Finalmente, avaliou-se a associação dos métodos testados primordialmente, utilizando-se as cultivares de repolho e os inseticidas químicos e produtos vegetais, bem como o efeito sobre Trichogramma. A cultivar CQ foi classificada como moderadamente resistente; RP e MD como suscetíveis, e CM, HS20 e HR como altamente suscetíveis, sendo 'observado também, que nenhuma cultivar apresentou a substância sinigrina. Lufenuron, óleo de nim e extrato pirolenhoso, causaram até 100% de mortalidade para P. xy/ostella, e Decis não foi eficiente. Deltametrina também foi o produto mais prejudicial aos parasitóides T. exiguum e T. pretiosum, enquanto o produto Nim e o inseticida Match foram os menos prejudiciais. A associação dos métodos químicos e resistência de plantas elevam o potencial de controle para P. xy/ostella, mas essa estratégia deve ser bem avaliada, pois pode afetar o desempenho dos parasitóides, reduzindo seu potencial de controle.The project was developed to evaluate the effect of the interaction between resistance of cabbage cultivars, insecticides and Trichogramma in the P/utella xy/ostella control. The biology of P. xy/ostella was evaluated in the following cabbage cultivars: Chato de Quintal (CQ), Midori (MD), Roxo Precoce (RP) and Roxo Hybrid (RH), and kale cultivars: Geórgia (CM) and Geórgia Hybrid HS20 (HS20), in laboratory. The toxicity of the insecticides lufenuron and deltamethrin and, of the vegetal products neem oil and pyroligneous extract, was evaluated for the adequacy of the lethal concentrations (LC50) of the products. With those products, the effect on Trichogramma was also evaluated. Finally, it was evaluated the association of the methods tested, using cabbage cultivars and chemical insecticides and vegetal products, and the effect on Trichogramma. The cultivar CQ was classified as moderately resistant; RP and MO as susceptible, and CM, HS20 and HR as highly susceptible, being also observed, that the cultivars tested did not present sinigrin. Lufenuron, Neem oil and pyroligneous extract caused up to 100% of P. xy/ostella mortality and deltabethrin was not efficient. Oeltamethrin was most harmful product to the parasitoids T exiguum and T pretiosum, while neem oil and lufenurun were less harmful. The interaction of chemical and plant resistance methods, increased the potential to P. xy/ostella control, but this strategy must be well evaluated, as it can affect negativity the parasitoid performance, reducing its control potential.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP
Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae): táticas para o manejo integrado em brássicas
No full textO trabalho foi desenvolvido no Laboratório de Biologia e Criação de Insetos (LBCI) da FCAV-UNESP, para avaliar o efeito da interação entre resistência de cultivares de brássicas, inseticidas químicos e produtos vegetais e Trichogramma no controle de P/utella xy/ostella. Para tanto, avaliou-se a biologia de P. xy/ostella nas cultivares de repolho: Chato de Quintal (CQ), Midori (MD), Roxo Precoce (RP) e Híbrido Roxo (HR) e, nas cultivares de couve, Geórgia (CM) e Híbrido Geórgia HS20 (HS20) em laboratório. Avaliou-se a toxicidade dos inseticidas lufenuron e deltametrina, bem como dos produtos vegetais óleo de nim e extrato pirolenhoso, pela adequação das concentrações letais (CLso) dos produtos. Com os mesmos produtos citados, foram avaliados os efeitos sobre Trichogramma. Finalmente, avaliou-se a associação dos métodos testados primordialmente, utilizando-se as cultivares de repolho e os inseticidas químicos e produtos vegetais, bem como o efeito sobre Trichogramma. A cultivar CQ foi classificada como moderadamente resistente; RP e MD como suscetíveis, e CM, HS20 e HR como altamente suscetíveis, sendo 'observado também, que nenhuma cultivar apresentou a substância sinigrina. Lufenuron, óleo de nim e extrato pirolenhoso, causaram até 100% de mortalidade para P. xy/ostella, e Decis não foi eficiente. Deltametrina também foi o produto mais prejudicial aos parasitóides T. exiguum e T. pretiosum, enquanto o produto Nim e o inseticida Match foram os menos prejudiciais. A associação dos métodos químicos e resistência de plantas elevam o potencial de controle para P. xy/ostella, mas essa estratégia deve ser bem avaliada, pois pode afetar o desempenho dos parasitóides, reduzindo seu potencial de controle.The project was developed to evaluate the effect of the interaction between resistance of cabbage cultivars, insecticides and Trichogramma in the P/utella xy/ostella control. The biology of P. xy/ostella was evaluated in the following cabbage cultivars: Chato de Quintal (CQ), Midori (MD), Roxo Precoce (RP) and Roxo Hybrid (RH), and kale cultivars: Geórgia (CM) and Geórgia Hybrid HS20 (HS20), in laboratory. The toxicity of the insecticides lufenuron and deltamethrin and, of the vegetal products neem oil and pyroligneous extract, was evaluated for the adequacy of the lethal concentrations (LC50) of the products. With those products, the effect on Trichogramma was also evaluated. Finally, it was evaluated the association of the methods tested, using cabbage cultivars and chemical insecticides and vegetal products, and the effect on Trichogramma. The cultivar CQ was classified as moderately resistant; RP and MO as susceptible, and CM, HS20 and HR as highly susceptible, being also observed, that the cultivars tested did not present sinigrin. Lufenuron, Neem oil and pyroligneous extract caused up to 100% of P. xy/ostella mortality and deltabethrin was not efficient. Oeltamethrin was most harmful product to the parasitoids T exiguum and T pretiosum, while neem oil and lufenurun were less harmful. The interaction of chemical and plant resistance methods, increased the potential to P. xy/ostella control, but this strategy must be well evaluated, as it can affect negativity the parasitoid performance, reducing its control potential.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP
Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae): táticas para o manejo integrado em brássicas
No full textO trabalho foi desenvolvido no Laboratório de Biologia e Criação de Insetos (LBCI) da FCAV-UNESP, para avaliar o efeito da interação entre resistência de cultivares de brássicas, inseticidas químicos e produtos vegetais e Trichogramma no controle de P/utella xy/ostella. Para tanto, avaliou-se a biologia de P. xy/ostella nas cultivares de repolho: Chato de Quintal (CQ), Midori (MD), Roxo Precoce (RP) e Híbrido Roxo (HR) e, nas cultivares de couve, Geórgia (CM) e Híbrido Geórgia HS20 (HS20) em laboratório. Avaliou-se a toxicidade dos inseticidas lufenuron e deltametrina, bem como dos produtos vegetais óleo de nim e extrato pirolenhoso, pela adequação das concentrações letais (CLso) dos produtos. Com os mesmos produtos citados, foram avaliados os efeitos sobre Trichogramma. Finalmente, avaliou-se a associação dos métodos testados primordialmente, utilizando-se as cultivares de repolho e os inseticidas químicos e produtos vegetais, bem como o efeito sobre Trichogramma. A cultivar CQ foi classificada como moderadamente resistente; RP e MD como suscetíveis, e CM, HS20 e HR como altamente suscetíveis, sendo 'observado também, que nenhuma cultivar apresentou a substância sinigrina. Lufenuron, óleo de nim e extrato pirolenhoso, causaram até 100% de mortalidade para P. xy/ostella, e Decis não foi eficiente. Deltametrina também foi o produto mais prejudicial aos parasitóides T. exiguum e T. pretiosum, enquanto o produto Nim e o inseticida Match foram os menos prejudiciais. A associação dos métodos químicos e resistência de plantas elevam o potencial de controle para P. xy/ostella, mas essa estratégia deve ser bem avaliada, pois pode afetar o desempenho dos parasitóides, reduzindo seu potencial de controle.The project was developed to evaluate the effect of the interaction between resistance of cabbage cultivars, insecticides and Trichogramma in the P/utella xy/ostella control. The biology of P. xy/ostella was evaluated in the following cabbage cultivars: Chato de Quintal (CQ), Midori (MD), Roxo Precoce (RP) and Roxo Hybrid (RH), and kale cultivars: Geórgia (CM) and Geórgia Hybrid HS20 (HS20), in laboratory. The toxicity of the insecticides lufenuron and deltamethrin and, of the vegetal products neem oil and pyroligneous extract, was evaluated for the adequacy of the lethal concentrations (LC50) of the products. With those products, the effect on Trichogramma was also evaluated. Finally, it was evaluated the association of the methods tested, using cabbage cultivars and chemical insecticides and vegetal products, and the effect on Trichogramma. The cultivar CQ was classified as moderately resistant; RP and MO as susceptible, and CM, HS20 and HR as highly susceptible, being also observed, that the cultivars tested did not present sinigrin. Lufenuron, Neem oil and pyroligneous extract caused up to 100% of P. xy/ostella mortality and deltabethrin was not efficient. Oeltamethrin was most harmful product to the parasitoids T exiguum and T pretiosum, while neem oil and lufenurun were less harmful. The interaction of chemical and plant resistance methods, increased the potential to P. xy/ostella control, but this strategy must be well evaluated, as it can affect negativity the parasitoid performance, reducing its control potential.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP
Expressão gênica em resposta ao dano causado por Plutella xylostella (L., 1758) em plantas de repolho inoculadas com Kluyvera ascorbata
No full textA traça-das-crucíferas (Plutella xylostella) é uma praga que ataca culturas de brássicas, causando enormes prejuízos econômicos aos agricultores. O aparecimento de populações resistentes a inseticidas tem dificultado seu manejo, fazendo-se necessário a busca por alternativas de controle que viabilizem a economia do custo de produção, preservando o ambiente de inseticidas químicos em altas doses. As plantas possuem um mecanismo constitutivo de resistência que atua na sua defesa frente às diferentes adversidades bióticas e abióticas, o que representa altos gastos metabólicos. O mecanismo de resistência pode ser melhorado com a indução de resistência por um ou mais elicitores, como é o caso das bactérias promotoras de crescimento. O objetivo deste estudo foi detectar sequências gênicas expressas em resposta à indução de resistência de repolho à traça das crucíferas. A bactéria utilizada como indutora das respostas de defesa foi a Kluyvera ascorbata devido à ação já descrita anteriormente com repolho e traça-das-cruciferas, onde ficou evidente sua influência na defesa contra essa praga. Por meio do sequenciamento de cDNA foi possível identificar uma significativa alteração no metabolismo de plantas que abrigavam esta bactéria, suprimindo da ação de muitos genes, durante o processo de defesa da planta contra o estresse causado pela injúria de lagartas de P. xylostellaThe diamondback moth Plutella xylostella is a pest that attacks brassics causing great economic losses to the growers. The rise of resistant populations to the chemical insecticides imposes difficulties on this pest management, so the search of other ways to overcame this situation became quite relevant so as to help to reduce production costs and at the same time avoiding the use of high dosage of the commonly used pesticides. Plants exhibit a constitutive resistance mechanism that acts favoring their defense towards biotic and abiotic stress situations, which involves high metabolic energetic challenges. The defense mechanisms may be improved with the induction of resistance by a number of different elicitors, such as the use of plant growth promoting bacteria. The aim of the present work was to detect plant gene sequences in response to cabbage resistance induction against the diamondback moth. Kluyvera ascorbata was used to induce the plant’s growth promotion elicitor due to previously described influence. Analyzing DNA sequencing procedures from cDNA library samples, it was possible to observe drastic differences on the plants metabolism when such bacteria was used, either by suppressing the action of several genes while the plant’s defense mechanisms was in action against injuries caused by P. xylostella larvaeCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
"EFFICIENCY OF Bacillus thuringiensis IN CONTROLLING THE CORN FALL ARMYWORM IN LAB CONDITIONS"
Get PDFThe region of Triângulo Mineiro, in the state of Minas Gerais, has one of the highest corn productivity in Brazil. However, such productivity is significantly affected by the damage of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), one of the most important pests in corn fields. Due to the necessity of a well-established control, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of some insecticides commonly used by growers in this region, both biological and chemical. Under controlled laboratory conditions, we assessed mortality of second-instar S. frugiperda larvae on artificial diet treated with insecticides using manufacturer-recommended dosages. Three chemical insecticides, one bioinsecticide and one control (distilled water + Tween® 0.5 %) were tested. The larval mortality was evaluated 12, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours after the treatment of single application. It was possible to conclude that the bioinsecticide had the same efficiency as all the insecticides tested, with all treatments causing around 100% mortality of S. frugiperda larvae. The corrected mortality (CM) was calculated though the Schneider-Orelli formula and, it was possible to conclude that all the insecticides tested were efficient controlling S. frugiperda larvae, with calculated CM higher than 92 %, with no difference between the insecticide treatments. These results show that the products used by the corn growers from the region of Triângulo Mineiro, in the state of Minas Gerais, are efficient in controlling S. frugiperda under controlled conditions. Moreover, the results of Bt-bioinsecticide show that it is as efficient as the chemical insecticides, and can be used for controlling this pest in corn fields after regulation
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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