1,720,959 research outputs found
Multilayered Written Artefacts: Definition, Typology, Formatting – CSMC Occasional Paper No. 9
No full textOccasional Paper No. 9
Multilayered Written Artefacts: Definition, Typology, Formatting
José Maksimczuk, Berenice Möller, Thies Staack, Alexander Weinstock, Jana Wolf
Written artefacts (WAs), artificial or natural objects with visual signs applied by humans, are the central focus of the Cluster of Excellence Understanding Written Artefacts: Materiality, Interaction, and Transmission in Manuscript Cultures. The present paper considers the observation that WAs are shaped by complex processes of production and use, as well as by different settings and patterns. These factors might be subject to change, depending on where, by whom and how a WA is used after its creation. Hence, far from being stable or unchanging entities, many WAs evolve over the course of time, acquiring ‘layers’ akin to archaeological strata. Such layers either modify a WA’s contents and might serve to extend, delete or replace them or they are not linked at all to the WA’s contents. Yet they always affect the WA they are applied to on the material level, leaving identifiable traces that add to the WA’s complexity. This paper suggests calling such complex WAs ‘multilayered’ – a concept that is arguably best suited to capturing the outcome of continued, at times long-term, or intermittent uses of a WA. The paper also suggests further terms for a more precise analysis of the multilayered nature of WAs, including the distinction between ‘primary layer’ and ‘secondary layer(s)’, and between ‘closed’ and ‘open’ primary layers, as well as a taxonomy of the acts creating secondary layers (addition, subtraction and replacement of content and/or material).
CSMC's Occasional Papers
The Centre for the Study of Manuscript Cultures regularly hosts meetings to discuss the theory, terminology and other issues in manuscriptology. Several of its members – philologists, historians, art historians, linguists and others – collectively engage in contributing to the systematic and historical study of manuscript cultures. The documents are individual contributions and drafts reflecting some of the provisional results of the Centre’s activities
Multilayered Written Artefacts: Definition, Typology, Formatting
No full textOccasional Paper No. 9
Multilayered Written Artefacts: Definition, Typology, Formatting
José Maksimczuk, Berenice Möller, Thies Staack, Alexander Weinstock, Jana Wolf
Written artefacts (WAs), artificial or natural objects with visual signs applied by humans, are the central focus of the Cluster of Excellence Understanding Written Artefacts: Materiality, Interaction, and Transmission in Manuscript Cultures. The present paper considers the observation that WAs are shaped by complex processes of production and use, as well as by different settings and patterns. These factors might be subject to change, depending on where, by whom and how a WA is used after its creation. Hence, far from being stable or unchanging entities, many WAs evolve over the course of time, acquiring ‘layers’ akin to archaeological strata. Such layers either modify a WA’s contents and might serve to extend, delete or replace them or they are not linked at all to the WA’s contents. Yet they always affect the WA they are applied to on the material level, leaving identifiable traces that add to the WA’s complexity. This paper suggests calling such complex WAs ‘multilayered’ – a concept that is arguably best suited to capturing the outcome of continued, at times long-term, or intermittent uses of a WA. The paper also suggests further terms for a more precise analysis of the multilayered nature of WAs, including the distinction between ‘primary layer’ and ‘secondary layer(s)’, and between ‘closed’ and ‘open’ primary layers, as well as a taxonomy of the acts creating secondary layers (addition, subtraction and replacement of content and/or material).
CSMC's Occasional Papers
The Centre for the Study of Manuscript Cultures regularly hosts meetings to discuss the theory, terminology and other issues in manuscriptology. Several of its members – philologists, historians, art historians, linguists and others – collectively engage in contributing to the systematic and historical study of manuscript cultures. The documents are individual contributions and drafts reflecting some of the provisional results of the Centre’s activities
Infrared Reflectography Images of the Writing on the Bottom Edge of Slg. Unschuld 8051
No full textInfrared reflectography (IRR) images were captured with an Apollo reflectography camera (Opus Instruments, UK) from the Chinese medical manuscript "Slg. Unschuld 8051", held at Berlin State Library, Germany (15 September 2022). The aim was to obtain an infrared image of the entire bottom edge of the manuscript, since a previous investigation on 20 April 2022 with the help of a Dino-lite microscope (model AD4113T-I2V) with the possibility to switch between VIS, IR (940 nm), and UV (395 nm) light had suggested the presence of writing in carbon ink in that area.
The regular Short-Wave Infrared (SWIR) sensing range (900–1700 nm) of the 128×128-pixel scanning InGaAs sensor was reduced by a Long Wave Pass Filter (LWP1510, range 1510–1700 nm), mounted in front of the IR lens (150 mm, f/5.6–f/45) with the aperture of f/8, acquisition time was 50 ms/tile. The working distance between the sensor and the object was set to approx. 67 cm. Broadband illumination was provided by two 20W halogen lamps.
We cordially thank Dr. Cordula Gumbrecht for her support and assistance in making the necessary arrangements at the Berlin State Library.
For a discussion of the results, see:
Thies Staack (2025), "The Advantages of Infrared Reflectography: Recovering the Title of a 19th Century Medical Recipe Book from China // Von den Vorteilen der Infrarot-Reflektographie: Die Entzifferung des Titels eines medizinischen Rezeptbuchs aus dem China des 19. Jahrhundert", https://doi.org/10.25592/uhhfdm.17335.
Overview of files in the dataset
Folder "1_Cell_phone_images":
Images of the top, front and bottom edge of Slg. Unschuld 8051, captured by Thies Staack with cell phone camera (see metadata in the EXIF header of the image files) (20 April 2022, Berlin State Library).
File naming conventions "Slg_Unschuld_8051_[side]".
Folder "2_Dino-lite_images":
Infrared images of traces of writing on the bottom edge of Slg. Unschuld 8051, captured by Thies Staack with Dino-lite microscope (model AD4113T-I2V) (20 April 2022, Berlin State Library).
File naming conventions "Slg_Unschuld_8051_bottom_[serial number]".
Folder "3_ Opus_Apollo_setup":
Images of setup of Opus Apollo infrared reflectography camera captured by Ivan Shevchuk and Thies Staack with cell phone camera (see metadata in the EXIF header of the image files) (15 September 2022, Berlin State Library).
File naming conventions "Slg_Unschuld_8051_IRR_setup_[serial number]".
Folder "4_Opus_Apollo_images":
Infrared reflectography images of Slg. Unschuld 8051 captured by Olivier Bonnerot, Kyle Ann Huskin and Ivan Shevchuk with Opus Apollo camera (15 September 2022, Berlin State Library).
File naming conventions "SLG_Unschuld_8051_[side]_[image processing]".
Explanations on image processing:
"NoFilter": Indicates imaging w/o filter
"1510LWP": Indicates use of Long Wave Pass Filter (LWP1510, range 1510–1700 nm)
"Cal": Indicates calibration based on two round Spectralon diffuse reflector
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
