43,347 research outputs found
E-COLLABORATION. THE NEW ECHONOMIC WORLD
No full textIn this paper we will present what e-collaboration means and how can this concept revolutionize the XXI-th century economy. Our analysis leads to a conclusion that the future of business will be based on technological backgrounds. Breaking time and space frontiers will be the key of success in a hard competitive business environment. In our opinion this goals will be achieved by the implementation of groupware. However, our study shows that this field still needs a lot of normalization as concept of e-collaboration still has no standard approaches and many theoreticians still confuse collaboration with the classical “three c” terms.economy
Implementing health research through academic and clinical partnerships : a realistic evaluation of the Collaborations for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care (CLAHRC)
No full textBackground: The English National Health Service has made a major investment in nine partnerships between
higher education institutions and local health services called Collaborations for Leadership in Applied Health
Research and Care (CLAHRC). They have been funded to increase capacity and capability to produce and
implement research through sustained interactions between academics and health services. CLAHRCs provide a
natural ‘test bed’ for exploring questions about research implementation within a partnership model of delivery.
This protocol describes an externally funded evaluation that focuses on implementation mechanisms and
processes within three CLAHRCs. It seeks to uncover what works, for whom, how, and in what circumstances.
Design and methods: This study is a longitudinal three-phase, multi-method realistic evaluation, which
deliberately aims to explore the boundaries around knowledge use in context. The evaluation funder wishes to see
it conducted for the process of learning, not for judging performance. The study is underpinned by a conceptual
framework that combines the Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services and Knowledge to
Action frameworks to reflect the complexities of implementation. Three participating CLARHCS will provide indepth
comparative case studies of research implementation using multiple data collection methods including
interviews, observation, documents, and publicly available data to test and refine hypotheses over four rounds of
data collection. We will test the wider applicability of emerging findings with a wider community using an
interpretative forum.
Discussion: The idea that collaboration between academics and services might lead to more applicable health
research that is actually used in practice is theoretically and intuitively appealing; however the evidence for it is
limited. Our evaluation is designed to capture the processes and impacts of collaborative approaches for
implementing research, and therefore should contribute to the evidence base about an increasingly popular (e.g.,
Mode two, integrated knowledge transfer, interactive research), but poorly understood approach to knowledge
translation. Additionally we hope to develop approaches for evaluating implementation processes and impacts
particularly with respect to integrated stakeholder involvement
Implementation of the eLearning lifecycle model to develop reflection in pre-service teachers
No full textThis paper outlines the planned research into the use of an ePortfolio Environment to support the development of reflection in pre-service teachers. Reflection is a key skill for teachers to possess as they continue to learn into the future. It is a doctoral research project that involves the implementation of sections of the eLearning Lifecycle model (Phillips, Kennedy, & McNaught, 2011) within a PebblePad platform. The proposed environment will include examples, activities and interactions as part of an Enculturation Teaching Model (Tishman, Jay, & Perkins, 1993). The impetus for the activities will be the sections of the Framework for Teacher Reflection (Colton & Sparks-Langer, 1993). The implementation aims to develop a teaching environment that can be used in a variety of platforms to develop reflective abilities in pre-service teachers that will be used for continued professional development
Barriers For Effective Networking In Competitive EnvironmentsAddressing Distrust And Isolation To Promote Collaboration In The Chilean School System
No full textEvidence suggests that networking can be beneficial to enhance learning in challenging contexts, when there is a shared purpose, trustful relationships, and the development of meaningful collaborative practices. In Chile, the adoption of collaborative network practices has faced some challenges due to the long history of neoliberal policies characterised by hierarchical and market governance that promotes competition over collaboration among schools. Using Hood’s (1998) cohesion/regulation matrix, the Chilean education system can be characterized as fatalist, where cooperation among peers is mandated solely to meet external requirements to regulate schools’ and practitioners’ practice. However, in recent years, collaborative projects have been implemented that are framed and supported in an egalitarian culture, highlighting the importance and value of collaboration and support among peers to develop effective teaching practice. By analysing three experiences of networking in Chile, we identify two barriers for networking, distrust and isolation, and analyze the ways in which these networks attempted to overcome them to sustain effective collaboration. The first experience describes the implementation of the collaborative inquiry networks (CIN) methodology. This programme was designed to facilitate the development of networked leadership capacities of principals and curriculum coordinators to support teachers’ practices during COVID-19 in one municipality. In the second, we report on a group of principals who developed focussed interventions in their network of urban primary public schools to enhance the exchange of knowledge and practices among network participants. The third centres on the development of a model to enhance teacher leadership and professional learning in Initial Teacher Education through collaboration in a university–school partnership. Finally, we present some lessons to be considered in similar social and policy environments to successfully introduce a collaborative networked approach
The development of a human factors tool for the successful implementation of industrial human-robot collaboration
No full textManufacturing organisations have placed significant attention to the potential of
industrial human-robot collaboration (HRC) as a means for enhancing
productivity and product quality. This concept has predominantly been seen
from an engineering and safety aspect, while the human related issues tend to
be disregarded. As the key human factors relevant to industrial HRC have not
yet been fully investigated, the research presented in this thesis sought to
develop a human factors tool to enable the successful implementation of
industrial HRC.
First, a theoretical framework was developed which collected the key
organisational and individual level human factors by reviewing comparable
contexts to HRC. The human factors at each level were investigated separately.
To identify whether the organisational human factors outlined in the theoretical
framework were enablers or barriers, an industrial exploratory case study was
conducted where traditional manual work was being automated. The
implications provided an initial roadmap of the key organisational human factors
that need to be considered as well as the critical inter-relations between them.
From the list of individual level human factors identified in the theoretical
framework, the focus was given on exploring the development of trust between
human workers and industrial robots. A psychometric scale that measures trust
specifically in industrial HRC was developed. The scale offers the opportunity to
system designers to identify the key system aspects that can be manipulated to
optimise trust in industrial HRC.
Finally, the results were gathered together to address the overall aim of the
research. A human factors guidance tool was developed which provides
practitioners propositions to enable successful implementation of industrial
HRC
From STI Policy Objectives to Infrastructures : Understanding the Implementation of Directed Challenge-Driven Research Funding
No full textScience, technology and innovation (STI) policy is shaped by the policy instruments used. However, we know relatively little about the work practices of policy actors implementing them. This article investigates how policy objectives are translated into governance by drawing on a case study of the implementation of a ‘Strategic Research’ funding instrument in Finland. The instrument is expected to fulfil a plurality of objectives, calling for solutions to various societal challenges through broad collaboration on research themes that require government approval. I examine the articulation work of the policy actors implementing the funding scheme and identify anticipatory tailoring and the repurposing of templates as central dimensions of this work. I show how the translation of policy objectives into a funding instrument expected to satisfy social worlds from politics to science is historically contingent and challenging. The article contributes with empirical detail into how policy actors managed multiple social worlds while implementing the research funding scheme, and the consequences and tensions that ensued.Science, technology and innovation (STI) policy is shaped by the policy instruments used. However, we know relatively little about the work practices of policy actors implementing them. This article investigates how policy objectives are translated into governance by drawing on a case study of the implementation of a ‘Strategic Research’ funding instrument in Finland. The instrument is expected to fulfil a plurality of objectives, calling for solutions to various societal challenges through broad collaboration on research themes that require government approval. I examine the articulation work of the policy actors implementing the funding scheme and identify anticipatory tailoring and the repurposing of templates as central dimensions of this work. I show how the translation of policy objectives into a funding instrument expected to satisfy social worlds from politics to science is historically contingent and challenging. The article contributes with empirical detail into how policy actors managed multiple social worlds while implementing the research funding scheme, and the consequences and tensions that ensued.Peer reviewe
Planning and implementation of effective collaboration in construction projects
No full textThe 21st century is now seen as the time for the construction industry to embrace new ways of working if it is to continue to be competitive and meet the needs of its ever demanding clients. Collaborative working is considered by many to be essential if design and construction teams are to consider the whole lifecycle of the construction product. Much of the recent work on collaborative working has focused on the delivery of technological solutions with a focus on web (extranets), CAD (visualisation), and knowledge management technologies. However, it is now recognised that good collaboration does not result from the implementation of information technology solutions alone. The organisational and people issues, which are not readily solved by pure technical systems, need to be resolved. However, approaches that exclusively focus on organisational and people issues will not reap the benefits derived from the use of technology, especially in the context of distributed teams which are the norm in construction. Work currently being undertaken at Loughborough University aims to bring together the benefits enabled by the technology, with the organisational, and its people issues to provide a framework enabling high level strategic decisions to be made to implement effective collaboration. This paper reports on the initial stages of the project: the background to the project, the methodology used, and findings from the literature survey and the requirements capture survey conducted as part of the project
An object model development for the UK automated compliance checking
No full textApproving building designs against existing UK building regulations manually is a time consuming and tedious process. As the architecture engineering construction (AEC) industry moves from 2D CAD drawings to more semantically rich building information models (BIM), the development of automated compliance checking systems for building regulations becomes achievable. The Industry Foundation Class (IFC) has been accepted worldwide as an inter-operability standard and is a well suited format for automated compliance checking. However, whether the IFC data format can fully support the specialized needs of the UK Building Regulations is still debatable. In order to automate the checking of the building regulations they first need to be interpreted from a human readable free text rule into a set of computer implementable rules. This paper focuses on the analysis of the UK fire safety building regulations for dwellinghouses, to determine and subsequently optimize the potential for automated compliance checking. A UK Building Regulation specific semantically rich object model, appropriate for the requirements of automated compliance checking has been developed
We’ll meet again? Evaluation of the Norwegian Grant Programme for Health Collaboration with Russia 2016-2019
No full textThe bilateral grant programme for Norwegian-Russian health collaboration is administered by the Norwegian Ministry of Health and Care Services with funding provided by the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Through this programme, financial support is provided for projects with Norwegian and Russian partners. The Programme’s main goal is to strengthen health cooperation between professional milieus in Norway and Russia and to contribute to better public health. This evaluation covers the 2016-2019 programme period but also includes the years following to account for the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on project and programme implementation
Balancing exploration and exploitation in transferring research into practice : a comparison of five knowledge translation entity archetypes
No full textBackground: Translating knowledge from research into clinical practice has emerged as a practice of increasing importance. This has led to the creation of new organizational entities designed to bridge knowledge between research and practice. Within the UK, the Collaborations for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care (CLAHRC) have been introduced to ensure that emphasis is placed in ensuring research is more effectively translated and implemented in clinical practice. Knowledge translation (KT) can be accomplished in various ways and is affected by the structures, activities, and coordination practices of organizations. We draw on concepts in the innovation literature—namely exploration, exploitation, and ambidexterity—to examine these structures and activities as well as the ensuing tensions between research and implementation.
Methods: Using a qualitative research approach, the study was based on 106 semi-structured, in-depth interviews with the directors, theme leads and managers, key professionals involved in research and implementation in nine CLAHRCs. Data was also collected from intensive focus group workshops.
Results: In this article we develop five archetypes for organizing KT. The results show how the various CLAHRC entities work through partnerships to create explorative research and deliver exploitative implementation. The different archetypes highlight a range of structures that can achieve ambidextrous balance as they organize activity and coordinate practice on a continuum of exploration and exploitation.
Conclusion: This work suggests that KT entities aim to reach their goals through a balance between exploration and exploitation in the support of generating new research and ensuring knowledge implementation. We highlight different organizational archetypes that support various ways to maintain ambidexterity, where both exploration and exploitation are supported in an attempt to narrow the knowledge gaps. The KT entity archetypes offer insights on strategies in structuring collaboration to facilitate an effective balance of exploration and exploitation learning in the KT process
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