169,810 research outputs found
Treatment experience, burden and unmet needs (TRIBUNE) in MS study: results from Italy
No full textThe article reports methods and results of a multicentre study on the burden of disease of SM in Italy
DEDALO: Device for Enhanced Dust Analyses with Light Obscuration sensors
No full textInstruments based on light obscuration sensors are widely used for measuring the size distribution of insoluble sub-visible particles in liquid suspensions, being fast and suitable for in situ and real-time measurements. Such instruments are typically calibrated by means of reference polystyrene spherical particles with a specific refractive index, which unavoidably leads to systematic errors when determining the size of particles of different materials. In this paper, we propose a reliable and consistent method to overcome this limitation by setting the refractive index value according to the sample, thus achieving an improved particle size distribution (PSD) measurement. An ad hoc, ready-to-use, open source code with a graphical interface able to drive an in-line instrument and obtain a real-time correction to the PSD has been developed. The method has been extensively validated with several oil emulsions characterized by different refractive index values and the results have been compared with an independent optical method. As an example of application, we have adopted this approach for the analysis of dust suspended in meltwater of an ice core from a glacier in the Aosta Valley (Italy). We believe that our approach will strongly improve the accuracy in characterizing liquid suspensions and reduce discrepancies between data obtained with different methods. The code has been made publicly available at: https://instrumentaloptics.fisica.unimi.it/dedalo/ and on the GitHub page of the corresponding author (https://github.com/LucaTeruzzi/DEDALO)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
-308 (G/A) single nucleotide polymorphism in the TNF-alpha gene and the risk of depression in elderly
No full textINTEGRATED OPTICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF AIRBORNE AND DEPOSITED MINERAL DUST TO IMPROVE THE UNDERSTANDING OF RADIATIVE TRANSFER PROCESSES THROUGH POLAR AND ALPINE SNOWPACKS
No full textThe Earth’s cryosphere is undergoing rapid transformation due to climate change, with
significant reductions in glacier mass and snow cover expected by the end of the century.
According to the 2021 IPCC report, mid-latitude glaciers may lose up to 80% of
their mass, while snow cover could decline by 90%. These changes will disrupt ecosystems
and have profound effects on human activities. Atmospheric aerosols play a crucial
role in climate regulation by interacting with solar and terrestrial radiation. These particles
influence the Earth’s radiative energy balance through scattering and absorption
processes, affecting cloud formation and precipitation. When deposited on snow and
ice, aerosols reduce surface albedo, accelerating melting. However, uncertainties persist
regarding the full extent of their impact due to incomplete knowledge of aerosol interactions
with visible and near-infrared light. Aeolian mineral dust, in particular, remains an
area of significant research interest due to its uncertain contribution to global radiative
balance. Framed in this context, ice cores from polar and Alpine regions also provide
essential historical records of atmospheric composition and climate variability. Chemical
and physical analyses reveal information on greenhouse gases, heavy metals, and
mineral dust, aiding climate reconstructions and model improvements. Another critical
research area concerns sunlight propagation in snowpacks. Fresh snow exhibits high
albedo, but impurities such as black carbon and mineral dust lower reflectivity, enhancing
melting. Despite numerical modeling efforts, experimental data on light penetration
within snow remains limited. To address these knowledge gaps, optical techniques provide
a non-invasive and non-destructive approach. This research aligns with national
and international objectives, contributing to improved climate modeling and a better
understanding of cryosphere changes
PIH41 Cost-Utility Analysis Comparing Propranolol With Corticosteroids in the Treatment of Proliferating Infantile Hemangioma in Italy
No full textSingle-shot measurement of phase and topological properties of orbital angular momentum radiation through asymmetric lateral coherence
No full textWe show a single-shot technique to measure topological and phase properties of radiation carrying orbital angular momentum. The single-shot method is effectively described as the one-dimensional case of a more general two-dimensional approach based on scanning interferometry (asymmetric lateral coherence). The validity of the method has been experimentally verified and the applicability to ultrarelativistic sources of hard x-rays has been discussed. The method is suitable to characterize phase and topological properties of x-ray sources by using simple apertures
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