33 research outputs found
A CONVENIENT HIV SCREENING: ORAL RAPID TEST REVIEW OF LITERATURE
No full textBackground: HIV testing is crucial in identifying and initiating the treatment of HIV/AIDS. In recent years, the Oral Rapid Tests (ORT) has become one of the most popular tests based on saliva. This paper aims to present the response from research subjects who took the ORT using OraQuick®.
Discussion: A total of 2657 studies was obtained. Finally, 21 articles matched to our review. The 21 included studies showed the advantages of ORT such as comfortable 91%, easy to use 76%, quick results 54%, preferred choice 67%, maintains confidentiality 54% and other reasons. Our reviewed studies demonstrated the consistent high acceptability of the oral rapid test in HIV.
Conclusion: The comforts stem from ORT with OraQuick® are being contributed by its easy to use characteristic and non-blood-withdrawn comfortable metho
Lesi Erosif Mukosa Oral Sebagai Akibat Penggunaan Pasta Gigi Mengandung Sodium Lauryl Sulfate
No full textThere are many sales promotions about dentifrices with various composititions nowadays, offered by several manufacturers. Public will be the main target consumers of these products and the choice lies upon their decision to become the user of these products.. Each human as a biological being, has different individual responses towards mechanical or chemical agent including material contained in dentifrices exposed by any; physical, mechanical or chemical means. In this case, white oral lesions were reported in a 34 years old man, due to the use of a dentifrice product that he has not been using before. The dentifrice contains Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS), which is known as a detergent. The oral lesions detected, were surrounded by erythematous halo and mucosal erosions on his tongue. Sensitivity reaction has occurred and the patient chief complaints were disturbing sore of the tongue, on chewing and speaking The oral lesions were likely caused by the denaturating effect of the SLS, on the mucinal layer of the oral mucosal surface .Mucin is the main organic content that act as a visco-elastic material which protects the entire surface of the mucosa. It supposed to play an integrated role in the protection of the non-immune reaction of the mucosal surface. The oral mucosal epithelium might then be more exposed and vulnerable to any irritants and allergens, causing ulcerative lesions. Management provided, was cessation of SLS containing dentifrice, topical application of corticosteroids on the lesion, antiseptic mouthwash and multivitamin. The lesions disappeared within 2 weeks and the patient was suggested to use a non- SLS dentifrice as he did before
Herpes associated erythema multiforme, drug-induced erythema multiforme atau oral erythema multiforme?
No full textDiagnosis erythema multiforme (EM) diklasifikasikan menjadi tipe mayor dan minor. Erythema multiforme dapat dipicu oleh obat (drug-induced erythema multiforme/DIEM) atau infeksi virus herpes simplex (herpes associated erythema multiforme/HAEM), dengan dua gambaran utama: lesi target tipikal atau atipikal pada kulit dan nekrosis sel satelit atau epitelium yang luas. Oral erythema multiforme (OEM) dimasukkan dalam klasifikasi diagnosis EM kategori ketiga selain tipe mayor dan minor dengan gambaran klinis berupa ulserasi pada bibir dan mukosa intraoral khas EM, tanpa disertai lesi target di kulit. Studi kasus ini bertujuan membahas kemungkinan HAEM, DIEM dan OEM sebagai diagnosa terhadap lesi bibir khas EM. Seorang wanita, 14 tahun, datang ke Poli Ilmu Penyakit Mulut Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Nasional (RSUPN) Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung setelah sebelumnya dirujuk dari bagian Bedah Mulut dengan diagnosa suspek EM. Pada pemeriksaan ekstraoral terlihat lesi krusta berwarna coklat kehitaman pada bibir atas dan bawah, yang diakui pasien muncul setelah mengkonsumsi obat untuk penyakit kulit yang dideritanya dan mengganggu aktivitas bicara serta makan. Pasien diterapi menggunakan salep steroid racikan selama 1 minggu disertai instruksi untuk menghentikan pemakaian obat untuk penyakit kulitnya. Pasien memperlihatkan perbaikan yang signifikan pada kunjungan kontrol 1 minggu. Diagnosis suspek DIEM dan suspek lesi oral terkait hipersensitivitas ditegakkan pada pasien ini berdasarkan pertimbangan adanya pengaruh medikasi untuk pengobatan kelainan kulit yang dideritanya. Hasil pemeriksaan IgE negatif dan IgG anti HSV-1 yang reaktif serta hasil observasi pada kunjungan kontrol lebih lanjut, juga mengarahkan penegakkan diagnosis HAEM dan OEM. Penting mendiagnosa EM dengan baik, agar mampu melakukan tatalaksana dini yang tepat, untuk mendapatkan prognosis yang baik
HAEM, DIEM atau OEM?
No full textDiagnosis erythema multiforme (EM) diklasifikasikan menjadi tipe mayor dan minor. EM dapat dipicu oleh obat (drug-induced erythema multiforme/ DIEM) atau infeksi virus herpes simplex (herpes associated erythema multiforme/ HAEM), dengan dua gambaran utama: lesi target tipikal atau atipikal pada kulit dan nekrosis sel satelit atau epitelium yang luas. Oral erythema multiforme (OEM) dimasukkan dalam klasifikasi diagnosis EM kategori ketiga selain tipe mayor dan minor dengan gambaran klinis berupa ulserasi pada bibir dan mukosa intra oral khas EM, tanpa disertai lesi target di kulit. Seorang wanita, 14 tahun, datang ke Poli Ilmu Penyakit Mulut SMF Gimul RSHS setelah sebelumnya dirujuk dari bagian Bedah Mulut RSHS dengan diagnosa suspek EM. Pada pemeriksaan ekstra oral terlihat lesi krusta berwarna coklat kehitaman pada bibir atas dan bawah, yang diakui pasien muncul setelah mengkonsumsi obat untuk penyakit kulit yang dideritanya dan mengganggu aktivitas bicara serta makan. Pasien diterapi menggunakan salep steroid racikan selama 1 minggu disertai instruksi untuk menghentikan pemakaian obat untuk penyakit kulitnya. Pasien meperlihatkan perbaikan yang signifikan pada kunjungan kontrol 1 minggu. Diagnosis suspek DIEM dan suspek Lesi oral terkait hipersensitivitas ditegakkan pada pasien ini. berdasarkan pertimbangan adanya pengaruh medikasi untuk pengobatan kelainan kulit yang dideritanya. Hasil pemeriksaan IgE negatif dan IgG anti HSV-1 yang reaktif serta hasil observasi pada kunjungan kontrol lebih lanjut, juga mengarahkan penegakkan diagnosis HAEM dan OEM. Penting mendiagnosa EM dengan baik, agar mampu melakukan tatalaksana dini yang tepat, untuk mendapatkan prognosis yang baik
Oral Manifestation Related to Drug Abuse : A Systematic Review: Manifetasi oral terkait penggunaan obat-obatan terlarang : Sebuah tinjauan sistematis
No full textDrug abuse influences the pathological of oral diseases. There are scarce evidence-based data on the oral manifestations related to drug abuse. This systematic review aim to assess the oral manifestations related to drug abuse. Electronic databases were searched using keywords include oral manifestations and drug abuse. Observational studies published until September 2018 with the outcome of oral manifestations related to drug abuse were included. Data were extracted as percentage include drug type, route of administration, and oral manifestations. Study quality was assessed using the quartile score of Scopus index. The systematic review of 17 studies revealed that methamphetamine (53%), heroin (41%), cannabis (35%), and cocaine (35%) were the most frequent abused drugs from 10139 samples. The routes of administration include smoking (58%),inhalation (35%), injection (35%), and oral route (17%), with duration of use ranged from one year to forty years. The most significant of oral manifestations reported were periodontal diseases (76%), dental caries (76%), and xerostomia (41%). Adverse drug reaction in oral cavity may cause, directly or indirectly, immunosuppression, susceptibility to infections, and oral pathologies due to chemical composition and mechanism of action specifically to drug type related with duration of use and route of administration
PENTINGNYA MENDETEKSI ORAL LEUKOPLAKIA SEBAGAI ORAL POTENTIALLY MALIGNANT DISORDERS (LAPORAN KASUS)
No full text<p>Terapi lesi oral pasien sindrom Stevens-Johnson disertai lupus eritematosus sistemik</p><p>Oral lesion therapy in patients with Stevens-Johnson syndrome with systemic lupus erythematosus</p>
No full textPendahuluan: Adverse drug reaction (ADR) merupakan salah satu respon tubuh manusia tidak diinginkan dan berbahaya yang disebabkan penggunaan obat meskipun dalam dosis normal. ADR dapat menyebabkan terjadinya sindrom Stevens-Johnson (SJS) serta dapat memicu lupus eritematosus sistemik (SLE), yang salah satu manisfestasinya sebagai krusta hemoragik dan erosi yang luas pada mulut dan peri–oral, dapat mengganggu fungsi mulut sehingga terganggunya asupan makanan. Laporan kasus ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan terapi lesi oral pasien sindrom Stevens-Johnson disertai lupus eritematosus sistemik. Laporan kasus: Seorang pasien wanita berusia 57 tahun dengan riwayat penyakit meningitis tuberkulosis dirujuk ke Bagian Penyakit Mulut dari departemen Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin dengan diagnosis SJS, pasien mengeluhkan kesulitan untuk membuka mulutnya, sakit menelan dan sakit pada bibir. Terdapat riwayat pemakaian obat ofloxacin, streptomysin, dan OAT. Pemeriksaan ekstraoral menunjukkan beberapa lesi diskret pada wajah, konjungtiva anemis, lesi erosif dan krusta hemoragik pada bibir. Pemeriksaan intraoral ditemukan lesi erosif pada mukosa bukal dan palatal serta plak putih pada dorsal lidah. Pemeriksaan darah rutin menunjukkan hemoglobin, hematokrit, leukosit, MCV, MCH, eosinofil, netrofil, limfosit, protein total dan albumin rendah sedangkan uji ANA positif, sehingga diagnosis ditegakkan sebagai lesi oral terkait SJS disertai SLE dan kandidiasis oral. Medikasi yang diberikan adalah Chlorhexidine gluconate 0,1%, nistatin suspensi oral, vitamin B12, asam folat, dan topikal kortikosteroid. Lesi oral menunjukkan perbaikan dalam waktu 3 minggu, pada pasien terjadi SJS dan SLE secara bersamaan hal ini menunjukkan adanya keterlibatan mekanisme imunologi Simpulan: Terapi non farmakologi berupa pemberian kortikosteroid topikal,obat kumur Chlorhexidine gluconate 0,1%, vitamin B12, asam folat, dan nistatin yang menunjukkan perbaikan pada lesi oral dalam 3 minggu perawatan, di tambah dengan terapi non farmakologi berupa pemeliharaan kebersihan rongga mulut dengan obat kumur Chlorhexidine gluconate 0,1% sebagai antiseptik untuk meningkatkan kenyamanan pasien, untuk memfasilitasi epitelisasi dan mencegah komplikasi seperti infeksi.
Kata kunci: Adverse Drug Reaction, lesi oral, sindrom Stevens-Johnson, lupus eritematosus sistemik.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Adverse drug reaction (ADR) is one of the unwanted and dangerous human body responses caused by the use of medications even in regular doses. ADR can cause Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and trigger systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), with manifestation such as extensive haemorrhagic and erosive crusts in the mouth and peri-oral, which can interfere the oral function and disrupt the food intake. This case report was aimed to explain the treatment of oral lesions in patients with Stevens-Johnson syndrome with systemic lupus erythematosus. Case report: A 57-years-old female patient with a history of tuberculous meningitis was referred to the Oral Medicine Department of the Skin and Gynecology Polyclinics with a diagnosis of SJS, chief complaints of difficulty in opening her mouth, ingesting, and lips soreness. There was a medication history of ofloxacin, streptomycin, and OAT drugs. Extraoral examination indicated several facial discrete lesions, anaemic conjunctiva, erosive lesions, and hemorrhagic crusts on the lips. The intraoral examination found erosive lesions of the buccal and palatal mucosa and white plaques on the dorsal tongue. Routine blood tests showed the low level of haemoglobin, haematocrit, leukocytes, MCV, MCH, eosinophils, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and also low total protein and albumin, while the ANA test was positive. Thus the diagnosis was established as oral lesions associated with SJS with SLE and oral candidiasis. Medications administered were 0.1% chlorhexidine gluconate, nystatin oral suspension, vitamin B12, folic acid, and topical corticosteroids. Improvement in the oral lesions healing occurred within 3 weeks. SJS and SLE symptoms were simultaneously occurred in the patient, showed the involvement of immunological mechanisms. Conclusion: Non-pharmacological therapy in the form of topical corticosteroids, 0.1% chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash, vitamin B12, folic acid, and nystatin, showed improvement in oral lesions within 3 weeks of treatment, added by non-pharmacological therapy in the form of maintaining oral hygiene with 0.1% Chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash as an antiseptic to improve the patient’s comfort, and facilitate the epithelialisation and prevent complications such as infections.
Keywords: Adverse drug reaction, oral lesion, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus
Tatalaksana komprehensif pasien severe xerostomia yang dipicu oleh faktor depresi dan kecemasan: laporan kasus
No full textABSTRAK
Pendahuluan: Xerostomia merupakan keluhan subjektif mulut kering yang dapat disebabkan oleh penurunan sekresi saliva. Sekresi saliva dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor seperti faktor usia, terapi radiasi kanker, medikasi, faktor psikologis, serta beberapa faktor lainnya. Laporan kasus ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh faktor psikologis terhadap unstimulated salivary flow rate pada pasien severe xerostomia. Laporan kasus: Pasien laki-laki berusia 68 tahun dirujuk dari Departemen Bedah Digestif ke Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Mulut Rumah Sakit Hasan Sadikin (RSHS). Pasien datang dengan keluhan mulutnya terasa kering, sering merasa haus, dan memiliki kesulitan dalam menelan serta berbicara.Pemeriksaan intraoral menunjukkan frothy saliva pada dasar mulut, depapilasi pada dorsum lidah, food debris pada palatum, serta kaca mulut melekat pada dorsum lidah dan mukosa bukal. Laju alir saliva dievaluasi menggunakan pemeriksaan sialometri (unstimulated salivary flow rate <0,1 ml/menit). Pemeriksaan kondisi psikologis dievaluasi menggunakan kuesioner DASS-21 dan menunjukkan tingkat depresi moderate, tingkat kecemasan severe, dan tingkat stres normal. Derajat keparahan xerostomia dievaluasi menggunakan kuesioner VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) Xerostomia. Diagnosis kerja ditegakkan sebagai severe xerostomia berdasarkan skala Challacombe. Penatalaksanaan dari bagian Ilmu Penyakit Mulut antara lain aplikasi petroleum jelly pada bibir dan berkumur menggunakan obat kumur chlorine dioxide patented zinc sebagai stimulator sekresi saliva. Simpulan: Beberapa kondisi psikologis seperti depresi dan kecemasan dapat memengaruhi laju alir saliva yang tidak distimulasi dan menimbulkan kondisi xerostomia.
Kata kunci: faktor psikologis, unstimulated salivary flow rate, xerostomia, DASS-21, VAS
Comprehensive management of patient with severe xerostomia triggered by depression and anxiety: a case report
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Xerostomia is a subjective complaint of dry mouth resulting from decreased saliva production affected by several factors such as ages, cancer radiation therapies, medication, and psychological factors.This case report aimed to find out the influence of psychological factors on the unstimulated salivary flow rate in a patient with severe xerostomia. Case report: A 68-year-old manwas referred from the digestive surgery department to the Oral Medicine Department of Hasan Sadikin Hospital. The chief complaint was dry mouth, often feeling thirsty, and difficulties in swallowing and speaking. Intraoral examination showed frothy saliva on the floor of the mouth, depapillation on the dorsum of the tongue, and food debris on the palate. The examination using a dental mirror showed that the dental mirror sticks to the tongue and buccal mucosa. Hyposalivation was evaluated using a sialometry test (unstimulated salivary flow rate <0.1 ml/minute). The psychological examination was evaluated using DASS-21 and showed that levels of depression, anxiety, and stress were moderate, severe, and normal respectively. Xerostomia severity was evaluated using VAS (Visual Analog Scale) Xerostomia Questionnaire. The working diagnosis was exfoliative cheilitis and severe xerostomia based on The Challacombe scale. Management from the Department of Oral Medicine includes the application of petroleum jelly on the lips and gargling using chlorine dioxide patented zinc mouthwash as a stimulator of salivary secretion. Conclusion: Psychologicalfactors such as depression and anxiety can influence the unstimulated salivary flow rate and lead to xerostomia.
Keywords: psychological factors, unstimulated salivary flow rate, xerostomia, DASS-21, VA
TRANSISI PEMPHIGUS FOLIACEUS MENJADI PEMPHIGUS VULGARIS DENGAN KETERLIBATAN LESI ORAL : LAPORAN KASUS
No full textOral Opportunistic Infections in Patient with HIV Wasting Syndrome
No full textBackground: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) wasting syndrome is a condition in which weight loss, fever, and chronic diarrhea occur for more than 30 days without any causes other than HIV infection. HIV causes an immunocompromised condition resulting in susceptibility to infection. The opportunistic infections are oral candidiasis, herpes simplex virus (HSV), and tuberculosis. This study aims to explain oral opportunistic infections in a patient with wasting syndrome. Case Report: A 20-year-old female, who was 165 cm in height and 33.75 kg in weight, with wasting syndrome, pulmonary tuberculosis, oral candidiasis, and angular cheilitis was referred from an internist in Hasan Sadikin Hospital. Extraoral examination showed a yellowish brownish crust on the lips. Intraoral examination showed multiple ulcers covered by a yellowish membrane on the labial mucosa. The white plaques were scrapable, and an erythematous was found on the dorsum of the tongue, buccal mucosa, and palate. Laboratory results revealed a decrease in hemoglobin, hematocrit, leucocyte, erythrocyte, basophil, neutrophil, lymphocyte, albumin, reactive anti-HSV IgG, CD4 16 cell/µl, mycology culture test, chest x-ray, and sputum. On the basis of anamnesis, clinical features, and laboratory examination, the patient was diagnosed with stomatitis herpetica and oral candidiasis. Chlorhexidine gluconate 0.2%, nystatin oral suspension, vitamin B12, folic acid, and vaseline album were administered on the lips. Clinical recovery of oral candidiasis was accomplished after five weeks of therapy. Conclusion: Opportunistic infections in patient with wasting syndrome are oral candidiasis, herpetic stomatitis, and tuberculosis
