1,720,956 research outputs found
Sex estimation in Turkish population by anthropometric measurements of scapula on MDCT images using machine learning algorithms
No full textDoktora TeziAmaç: Adli Tıp ve Adli Antropoloji Anabilim Dalı’nda cinsiyetin tespit edilmesi için yapılan çalışmalar çok önemlidir. Scapula yaşam boyunca çok az değişiklik gösterir ve tamamen kaslarla çevrili olmasından dolayı ölüm sonrasında aşındırıcı değişikliklere karşı dirençli bir kemiktir. Çalışmamızda Türk popülasyonuna ait Multidedektör Bilgisayarlı Tomografi (MDBT) görüntülerinden alınan parametrelerle makine öğrenmesi (Machine Learning, ML) algoritmaları kullanılarak scapula’dan cinsiyet tahmininin gerçekleştirilmesi amaçlandı. Yöntem: İzmir Bakırçay Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Radyoloji Anabilim Dalı arşivinde bulunan 2018-2022 yılları arasında MDBT çekilmiş, yaşları 20 ile 60 arasında 300 (150 kadın-150 erkek) hastanın görüntüleri retrospektif olarak taranarak değerlendirildi. 20 yaş altı ve 60 yaş üstü, bu bölgede daha önce travma geçiren, kemik ve eklem hastalıkları olan, omuz ve scapula çevresi cerrahi işlem geçiren hastalar çalışma dışı tutuldu. Scapula’ya ait MDBT görüntüleri üzerinden koronal ve sagital düzlemlerde 13 parametrenin (scapula’nın maksimum uzunluğu, scapula’nın maksimum genişliği, spina scapulae uzunluğu, cavitas glenoidalis uzunluğu, cavitas glenoidalis genişliği, processus corocoideus-angulus inferior arası mesafe, acromion-angulus inferior arası mesafe, cavitas glenoidalis - angulus inferior arası mesafe, margo lateralis kalınlığı, fossa supraspinata’nın yüksekliği, fossa infraspinata’nın yüksekliği, acromion maksimum uzunluğu, acromion maksimum genişliği) ölçümü yapıldı. Ölçümler sonucu elde edilen veriler ML ile analiz edildi. Bulgular: Tüm parametrelerin medyan değerinin erkeklerde fazla olduğu tespit edildi. Verilerin cinsiyet açısından karşılaştırılmasında scapula üzerinde ölçülen tüm parametrelerin anlamlı bir farka sahip olduğu bulundu (p<0.05). ML modelleri kullanılarak cinsiyet açısından en yüksek doğruluk oranının Ekstra Ağaçlar Sınıflandırması ile %100 olduğunu; Karar Ağacı, Lojistik Regresyon, Gaussian Naive Bayes Sınıflandırması, Rastgele Orman, K-En Yakın Komşular Algoritması, Doğrusal Diskiriminant Analiz ve Kuadratik Diskriminant Analiz ile %97 doğruluk oranı olduğu tespit edildi. Rastgele Orman algoritmasının SHAP çözümleyicisi kullanılarak her bir parametrenin genel sonuca etkisi değerlendirildi ve fossa supraspinata'nın yükseklik parametresinin doğruluğa en büyük katkısı olduğu tespit edildi. Sonuç: Çalışma sonucu olarak; scapula morfometrisinin ML analizleri ile cinsiyet tayini gerçekleştirildiğinde, literatürde en güvenilir kemik olarak görülen pelvis morfometrisinden daha güvenilir ve daha doğru sonuçlar elde edilebileceği kanaatindeyiz. Çalışmamızın adli bilimlere ve literatüre büyük katkı sunacağını düşünüyoruz.Objective: Studies conducted in the Department of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Anthropology to determine gender are very important. The scapula changes little during life and is a bone that is resistant to erosive changes after death, as it is completely surrounded by muscles. In our study, we aimed to predict gender from the scapula using machine learning (ML) algorithms with parameters taken from Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) images of the Turkish population. Methods: The study was evaluated retrospectively by scanning the images of 300 (150 female-150 male) patients between the ages of 20 and 60 who underwent MDCT between 2018 and 2022 in the archives of the Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, İzmir Bakırçay University. Patients under the age of 20 and above the age of 60, who had previous trauma in this region, who had bone and joint diseases, and who had undergone surgical procedures around the shoulder and scapula were excluded from the study. On CT images of the scapula, 13 parameters (maximum length of scapula, maximum width of scapula, spina scapula length, cavitas glenoidalis length, cavitas glenoidalis width, distance between processus corocoideus - angulus inferior, distance between acromion - angulus inferior, distance between cavitas glenoidalis-angulus inferior, margin lateralis thickness, height of fossa supraspinata, height of fossa infraspinata, maximum length of acromion, maximum width of acromion) were measured in coronal and sagittal planes. The data obtained as a result of the measurements were analyzed with ML. Results: The median value of all parameters was found to be higher in males. When the parameters were compared in terms of gender, it was found that all parameters measured on the scapula had a significant difference (p<0.05). Using the ML models, the highest accuracy for sex was 100% with the Extra Trees Classification; an accuracy rate of 97% was determined by Decision Tree, Logistic Regression, Gaussian Naive Bayes Classification, Random Forest, K-Nearest Neighbors Algorithm, Linear Discriminant Analysis and Quadratic Discriminant Analysis. The effect of each parameter on the overall result was evaluated using the SHAP analyzer of the Random Forest algorithm and it was determined that the height parameter of fossa supraspinata had the greatest contribution to the accuracy. Conclusion: As a result of the study; We believe that more reliable and more accurate results can be obtained from pelvis morphometry, which is seen as the most reliable bone in the literature, when sex determination is performed with ML analyzes of the scapula morphometry. We think that our study will make a great contribution to forensic sciences and literature
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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