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    Electromagnetic and mechanical gyro stabilization in railgun launcher

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    This paper presents two new strategies to provide gyroscopic stabilization for armatures launched by railgun launchers. The rotating motion of the projectile is obtained by means of an electromagnetic field or, alternatively, of an appropriately shaped bore. In the first case windings, coiled in the bore axis direction, generate a rotating magnetic field. The interaction between the field and the conducting sleeve implies a rotation of the latter. The mechanical solution consists in a helicoidally extruded square bore launcher. In this way, the projectile moves along the main axis and it rotates at the same time. Results of a theoretical analysis are reported and the feasibility of both techniques is discussed

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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