1,720,975 research outputs found
Metabolic factors and bladder cancer risk and mortality. Studies to approach causal associations and interactions with smoking and genetic variants.
Get PDFUrothelial bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancers in developed countries. It has one of the highest recurrence rates among solid tumors, resulting in regular treatment and follow-up, making it one of the most expensive cancers to treat, and a significant public health burden. Derangement of metabolic factors such as body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), glucose, triglycerides (TG) and cholesterol (TC) has resulted inglobal epidemics such as obesity, hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia, which collectively impact cardiovascular disease and certain cancers. Previous studies investigating the link between metabolic factors andBC have shown inconsistent results, furthermore, additive and multiplicative interactions, which may inform biological mechanisms, are rarely investigated in such studies.This thesis aimed to clarify the link between metabolic factors and BC, especially BP, by investigating the association between metabolic factors and BC risk (total, and separately into sub-groups based on tumor characteristics) and BC-specific mortality, using conventional survival analysis and additionally for BP, MendelianRandomization (MR) analysis, and to assess additive and multiplicative interaction with smoking and BC genetic variants in such associations.In studies that spanned several prospective cohorts, we found, as main findings among men: a positive association between systolic BP (SBP) and muscle-invasive BC (MIBC)/aggressive urothelial cancer risk (paper Ⅰ-Ⅳ), and a stronger association among never-smokers, both in conventional survival analysis and MR analysis of a Swedish cohort, a positive association between BMI, TG and TC and non-muscle invasive BC (NMIBC) risk, and a positive association between SBP and TG and risk of BC-specific mortality. Among women (paper Ⅰ), we found aninverse association between BMI and total BC risk, a positive association between glucose and MIBC risk, and a positive association between TG and risk of BC-specific mortality. In the interaction analysis among men, SBP and DBP did not interact with NAT2 in relation to total BC risk; however, SBP and a genetic score for BC positively interacted on an additive scale, in relation to MIBC risk.In conclusion, aberrations in metabolic factors was associated with BC outcomes; the associations differed depending on the sub-group of population and the specific outcome being investigated. Among men, SBP consistently showed a positive association with MIBC risk, furthermore, SBP and the genetic risk of BC positively interacted on an additive scale. The thesis highlights the importance of investigating associations in specific subgroups of the population and specific BC outcomes, and assessing interaction to explore potential biological mechanisms and inform public health
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Metabolic factors and bladder cancer risk and mortality. Studies to approach causal associations and interactions with smoking and genetic variants. [Elektronisk resurs]
No full textUrothelial bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancers in developed countries. It has one of the highest recurrence rates among solid tumors, resulting in regular treatment and follow-up, making it one of the most expensive cancers to treat, and a significant public health burden. Derangement of metabolic factors such as body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), glucose, triglycerides (TG) and cholesterol (TC) has resulted in global epidemics such as obesity, hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia, which collectively impact cardiovascular disease and certain cancers. Previous studies investigating the link between metabolic factors and BC have shown inconsistent results, furthermore, additive and multiplicative interactions, which may inform biological mechanisms, are rarely investigated in such studies. This thesis aimed to clarify the link between metabolic factors and BC, especially BP, by investigating the association between metabolic factors and BC risk (total, and separately into sub-groups based on tumor characteristics) and BC-specific mortality, using conventional survival analysis and additionally for BP, Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis, and to assess additive and multiplicative interaction with smoking and BC genetic variants in such associations. In studies that spanned several prospective cohorts, we found, as main findings among men: a positive association between systolic BP (SBP) and muscle-invasive BC (MIBC)/aggressive urothelial cancer risk (paper Ⅰ-Ⅳ), and a stronger association among never-smokers, both in conventional survival analysis and MR analysis of a Swedish cohort, a positive association between BMI, TG and TC and non-muscle invasive BC (NMIBC) risk, and a positive association between SBP and TG and risk of BC-specific mortality. Among women (paper Ⅰ), we found an inverse association between BMI and total BC risk, a positive association between glucose and MIBC risk, and a positive association between TG and risk of BC-specific mortality. In the interaction analysis among men, SBP and DBP did not interact with NAT2 in relation to total BC risk; however, SBP and a genetic score for BC positively interacted on an additive scale, in relation to MIBC risk. In conclusion, aberrations in metabolic factors was associated with BC outcomes; the associations differed depending on the sub-group of population and the specific outcome being investigated. Among men, SBP consistently showed a positive association with MIBC risk, furthermore, SBP and the genetic risk of BC positively interacted on an additive scale. The thesis highlights the importance of investigating associations in specific subgroups of the population and specific BC outcomes, and assessing interaction to explore potential biological mechanisms and inform public health
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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