109 research outputs found
Hypovitaminosis D and insulin resistance in peritoneal dialysis patients
No full textAn association between hypovitaminosis D and insulin resistance has been highlighted. Effects of vitamin D are not only mediated via the vitamin D receptors by active vitamin D metabolites, but 25(OH)D(3) also acts through VDR-independent pathways directly. It was reported that acute and chronic intravenous 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol therapy corrects insulin resistance in dialysis patients. There are no studies in patients on dialysis which evaluated relationship between 25(OH)D levels and insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to evaluate relationship between serum 25 (OH) D levels and insulin resistance in nondiabetic patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD). We studied 53 nondiabetic patients on PD and in 25 age-, gender- and body mass index-matched healthy controls. Insulin resistance was evaluated by the homeostasis model assessment method (HOMA-IR) using fasting glucose and insulin levels. Vitamin D deficiency was defined if 25(OH)D(3) levels are equal to or less to 15 ng/ml. Mean HOMA-IR index in patients on PD (3.1 +/- A 3.3) was significantly higher than those of controls (1.7 +/- A 1.9) (P 0.05). There was no significant difference between two PD groups according to mean duration of PD, age, gender, PTH, serum calcium, phosphorus, percentage of fat, and body mass index. There was a negative correlation between HOMA-IR index and 25 (OH)D levels in PD patients (r: -0,368, P < 0,05). In multiple regression analyses, the independent predictors of HOMA-IR index were 25(OH)D3 levels, duration of dialysis, and percentage of fat (measured by bioelectrical impedance) in PD patients. Our findings show a negative correlation of 25(OH)D levels with insulin resistance in PD patients. PD patients with hypovitaminosis D are at higher risk of insulin resistance even if they are on treatment with active vitamin D for PTH control. Further studies are required to explore the relation between vitamin D deficiency and insulin resistance in PD patients.Inonu University Medical Research CenterThis study was supported by Inonu University Medical Research Center
25 (OH) Vitamin D in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease, and Dialysis Patients
No full textIn addition to its role on calcium homeostasis, vitamin D exhibits local (paracrine) effects on cell proliferation differentiation and immune function. Most cells in the body express Vitamin D receptors and 1 alpha-hydroxylase, thereby permitting local production of 1,25 dihydroxycholecalciferol, which has therapeutic implications (paracrine effects). Studies have shown that chronic vitamin D deficiency may have serious adverse consequences such as increased risk of hypertension, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer of the colon, prostate, breast, ovary, and type 1 diabetes. However, information about the effect of vitamin D supplementation and replacement, and cardiometabolic outcomes is very limited. Studies on Vitamin D replacement in patients with chronic kidney disease and dialysis patients are needed
Good response to HBsAg vaccine in dialysis patients is associated with high CD4+/CD8+ ratio
No full textChronic renal failure is accompanied by various abnormalities of innate and acquired, cellular and humoral immunity. We aimed to investigate whether positive Candida skin test results, CD4+ and CD8+, before the first dose of vaccination could be a predictor for antibody response to hepatitis B vaccination and the relation of these parameters with hepatitis B antibody levels 1 month after the last dose of vaccination. The present study was carried out in 57 dialysis patients. All patients received recombinant hepatitis B vaccine (40 mu g) given intramuscularly in the deltoid muscle in a four-dose schedule at 0, 1, 2, and 6 months. Candida skin test and lymphocyte subsets (CD4+ and CD8+) were determined before the first dose of vaccination and 1 month after the fourth inoculation of hepatitis B vaccine. Ten patients (17.5%) were non-responders (HBsAb 100 IU/L), which was determined 1 month after the fourth dose of vaccination. Thirty-nine patients (68.4%) and 44 patients (77.2%) were anergic to Candida skin test before the first dose and 1 month after fourth inoculation of hepatitis B vaccine, respectively. There was no relationship between Candida skin test and response to hepatitis B vaccination. Mean age was lower, and CD4+/CD8+ ratio measured both before and after vaccination was higher in good responders compared with that of weak responders and that of non-responders. Females were better responders than males. High skin test anergy rate and low seroconversion rate after hepatitis B vaccination are important problems in patients on dialysis. Females, younger patients, and patients with higher CD4+/CD8+ ratio have better HBsAb antibody response to hepatitis B vaccination
SP523THE EFFECTS OF MUSCLE STRENGHT AND PHYSICAL FUNCTION ON BALANCE IN PERITONEAL DIALYSIS PATIENTS
No full text
Diabetic nephropathy: diagnosis, prevention and treatment [Diyabetik nefropati: tani, onleme ve tedavisi]
No full textDiabetic Nephropathy (DN) is a microvascular complication seen in both type 1 and 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and worldwide incidince is increasing. Hemodynamic, metabolic and genetic factors are responsible take part in the pathogenesis. First finding is microalbuminuria (30-300 mg/day or 20-200 µ/min.). Screening for microalbuminuria should be performed once a year, starting 5 years after diagnosis in type 1 DM and at diagnosis in type 2 DM patients. Hyperglycemia, hypertension, smoking, high dietary protein, hyperlipidemia, sex, race, obesity and genetic tendency were identified as independent risk factors in the development and progression of DN. Good glycemic control (HbA1c < 7%), treating hypertension (< 130/80 mmHg or < 125/75 mmHg if proteinuria > 1.0 g/day), treating dyslipidemia (LDL cholesterol [Med-Science 2016; 5(4.000): 1068-73
SP709SERUM NT-PROBNP, ACYLGHRELIN, DESACYLGHRELIN, OBESTATIN, AND FATTY ACID BINDING PROTEIN 4 LEVELS IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENT
No full textTime-resolved in-situ analysis of densification of nano-boron carbide under superimposed electric and thermal fields with energy dispersive x-ray diffraction
No full textBoron carbide (B4C) is characterized by high melting temperature, high hardness, and low density. Such exceptional properties make B4C is an important covalent solid which is considered the foremost material of choice for high-technology applications. However, low diffusivity caused by the highly directional and stiff character of the covalent bond makes the thermally activated sintering of B4C difficult. Highly covalent bonded ceramics are sintered with hot pressing and spark plasma sintering (SPS) to achieve high densities. However, these two techniques are limited to simple shape components and costly, involving expensive equipment. Pressureless sintering of B4C is desired to avoid expensive die designs and post sintering diamond machining, but very high sintering temperatures close to melting point is necessary to obtain high densities. Recently introduced flash sintering technique is a low voltage two electrode method which enhances the densification of ceramics. The sintering time and temperature can be reduced substantially with flash sintering that provide essential energy savings. In this study, the feasibility of flash sintering of nanoparticulate boron carbide is investigated. Firstly, we analyze the thermal expansion of boron carbide under different constant electric field strength to obtain fundamental data to provide insight into understanding of flash sintering. The electric field strength has an effect on the non-linear thermal expansion coefficients of B4C, and expansion becomes more non-linear with the increase of applied e-field. Secondly, the variety of non-isothermal and isothermal flash sintering experiments have been performed to achieve densification of B4C. By using low voltage, densities up to 95% of the theoretical density have been accomplished at temperatures as low as 711oC and short times on the order of few minutes. The very low process densification temperatures and time clearly indicate that mass transport in this nanoparticulate system under the action of both thermal and electrical fields are of an electrochemical origin. The implementation of ultrahigh energy EDXRD method in flash sintering of B4C enables us to monitor the evolution of nanoparticulate matter at the unit cell scale that is otherwise not possible with conventional Bragg-Brentano-method. EDXRD analysis reveals the transient anomalous unit cell expansion which is consistent with the flash sintering phenomena, and we demonstrate that flash sintering of B4C is possible with help of new coupling mechanism called the galvanomechanical effect. Moreover, we investigate the effect of different flash sintering conditions on densification of B4C.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical referencesby Hulya Bice
Comparison the effects of using different organic acids on gelatin extracted from cultured sea bream (Sparus aurata) scales
No full textIn the current study two different types of organic acids were used in gelatin extraction. The scales of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) were used as a source of gelatin. Also the effects on quality and gelling properties of used organic acids were investigated. Due to the determined gel strength values, high quality gelatins were produced in both groups with good functional properties. Total yield of the obtained products was found to be 31.10% (acetic acid), and 31.19% (propionic acid). According to the results, scale gelatin recovered by using acetic acid was found more suitable for industry with its 8.9 degrees C gelling point. Foam formation ability of acetic acid group was determined as 2.8 where the value of propionic was 3.0. Organic acids difference did not effect the colour of the product, both groups determined colourless and transparent. Result of the study showed that recovered collogen from gilthead sea bream scales have the potential to be an alternative source of gelatin with the determined functional properties.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [112O952]; Ege University Scientific Research Projects Coordination UnitEge University [2012-SUF-021]This study was supported and funded by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) Project No. 112O952 and supported by Ege University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit (Project No. 2012-SUF-021). Used data are taken from the Msc Thesis project of the author Hulya (Sargin) Kalkan
Extrapulmonary tuberculosis in ten hemodialysis patients: a single center experience
No full textTuberculosis (TB) infection is increasing all over the world especially among immunocompromised patients including end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. Symptoms and signs are non-spesific and involvement is generally extra-pulmonary in ESRD patients. We presented ten ESRD patients with TB. Six of our cases presented with TB lymphadenitis, two with Potts disease, one with breast TB and one with lung TB and Wegeners granulomatosis. The diagnosis of TB is based on the finding of an acid fast bacilli-positive smear, positive culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and typical histopathologic findings. Anti-TB therapy with isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol combinations are generally successful. Non- spesific constitutional symptoms and unexplained deterioration of general health in ESRD patients should attract attention of clinicians about TB infections. [Med-Science 2016; 5(4.000): 1016-8
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