352 research outputs found
Ghrelin and glucagon-like peptide 1 concentrations 24-h satiety and energy and substrate metabolism during a high-protein diet and measured in a respiration chamber
No full textCopyright © 2006 by The American Society for NutritionBackground: The mechanism of protein-induced satiety remains unclear. Objective: The objective was to investigate 24-h satiety and related hormones and energy and substrate metabolism during a high-protein (HP) diet in a respiration chamber. Design: Twelve healthy women aged 18–40 y were fed in energy balance an adequate-protein (AP: 10%, 60%, and 30% of energy from protein, carbohydrate, and fat, respectively) or an HP (30%, 40%, and 30% of energy from protein, carbohydrate, and fat, respectively) diet in a randomized crossover design. Substrate oxidation, 24-h energy expenditure (EE), appetite profile, and ghrelin and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) concentrations were measured. Results: Sleeping metabolic rate (6.40 ± 0.47 compared with 6.12 ± 0.40 MJ/d; P < 0.05), diet-induced thermogenesis (0.91 ± 0.25 compared with 0.69 ± 0.24 MJ/d; P < 0.05), and satiety were significantly higher, and activity-induced EE (1.68 ± 0.32 compared with 1.86 ± 0.41; P < 0.05), respiratory quotient (0.84 ± 0.02 compared with 0.88 ± 0.03; P < 0.0005), and hunger were significantly lower during the HP diet. There was a tendency for a greater 24-h EE during the HP diet (P = 0.05). Although energy intake was not significantly different between the diet groups, the subjects were in energy balance during the HP diet and in positive energy balance during the AP diet. Satiety was related to 24-h protein intake (r2 = 0.49, P < 0.05) only during the HP diet. Ghrelin concentrations were not significantly different between diets. GLP-1 concentrations after dinner were higher during the HP than during the AP diet (P < 0.05). Conclusion: An HP diet, compared with an AP diet, fed at energy balance for 4 d increased 24-h satiety, thermogenesis, sleeping metabolic rate, protein balance, and fat oxidation. Satiety was related to protein intake, and incidentally to ghrelin and GLP-1 concentrations, only during the HP diet.Manuela PGM Lejeune, Klaas R Westerterp, Tanja CM Adam, Natalie D Luscombe-Marsh and Margriet S Westerterp-Planteng
HIGH RESOLUTION LASER SPECTROSCOPY OF HAFNIUM MONOFLUORIDE.
No full textR. S. Ram, A. G. Adam, A. Tsouli, J. Levin and P. F. Bernath, J. Mol. Spectrosc. 202, 116(2000).Author Institution: Department of Chemistry, University of New BrunswickHigh resolution laser spectra of HfF have been acquired in the visible region of the spectrum. The molecules were produced via laser ablation of a hafnium target rod, followed by reaction with in a pulsed supersonic jet. Several electronic transitions have been observed and analysed between 17,000 and , all yielding an ground state consistent with the ground state of . Curiously, two electronic transitions at and , which have both been assigned as , exhibit structure. Work on this molecule is continuing and the results will be discussed
Environmental and Parental Influences on Offspring Health and Growth in Great Tits (Parus major)
No full textPMCID: PMC3728352This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
Environmental Systematics and the Impact on 21-cm Epoch of Reionization Measurements
No full textabstract: The Epoch of Reionization (EoR) is the period in the evolution of the universe during which neutral hydrogen was ionized by the first luminous sources, and is closely linked to the formation of structure in the early universe. The Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA) is a radio interferometer currently under construction in South Africa designed to study this era. Specifically, HERA is dedicated to studying the large-scale structure during the EoR and the preceding Cosmic Dawn by measuring the redshifted 21-cm line from neutral hydrogen. However, the 21-cm signal from the EoR is extremely faint relative to galactic and extragalactic radio foregrounds, and instrumental and environmental systematics make measuring the signal all the more difficult. Radio frequency interference (RFI) from terrestrial sources is one such systematic. In this thesis, we explore various methods of removing RFI from early science-grade HERA data and characterize the effects of different removal patterns on the final 21-cm power spectrum. In particular, we focus on the impact of masking narrowband signals, such as those characteristic of FM radio and aircraft or satellite communications, in the context of the algorithms currently used by the HERA collaboration for analysis
HIGH RESOLUTION LASER SPECTROSCOPY OF TITANIUM MONOBROMIDE AND HAFNIUM MONOFLUORIDE.
No full text R. S. Ram, A. G. Adam, A. Tsouli, J. Lievin, and P. F. Bernath, J. Mol. Spectrosc. 202, 116 (2000).Author Institution: Department of Chemistry, University of New BrunswickHigh resolution laser spectra of TiBr and HfF have been taken in the blue and green-yellow regions of the spectrum. The group IV monohalide molecules were produced by laser vaporization of their respective metal rods, followed by reaction with or in a pulsed supersonic jet. The electronic transition in TiBr has been identified as , consistent with that of TiCl and TiF; however, a second, higher energy transition (tentatively assigned as ) has also been observed, overlapping the first. We have managed to assign a number of the subbands and we will provide a case (a) analysis of the transition. Results for the second electronic transition will also be discussed. The transition in HfF is not, as of yet, determined. There are two transitions lying close to each other at and . The most intense subband (at ) shows a strong Q-branch, medium strength R-branch and weak P-branch, indicative of a type transition. This is in contrast with the transition recently observed for HfCl. Work on this molecule is continuing and the results will be discussed
Treasures of the University : an examination of the identification, presentation and responses to artefacts of significance at the University of St Andrews, from 1410 to the mid-19th century; with an additional consideration of the development of the portrait collection to the early 21st century
No full textSince its foundation between 1410 and 1414 the University of St Andrews has acquired what can be considered to be ‘artefacts of significance’. This somewhat nebulous phrase is used to denote items that have, for a variety of reasons, been deemed to have some special import by the University, and have been displayed or otherwise presented in a context in which this status has been made apparent.
The types of artefacts in which particular meaning has been vested during the centuries under consideration include items of silver and gold (including the maces, sacramental vessels of the Collegiate Church of St Salvator, collegiate plate and relics of the Silver Arrow archery competition); church and college furnishings; artworks (particularly portraits); sculpture; and ethnographic specimens and other items described in University records as ‘curiosities’ held in the University Library from c. 1700-1838.
The identification of particular artefacts as significant for certain reasons in certain periods, and their presentation and display, may to some extent reflect the University's values, preoccupations and aspirations in these periods, and, to some degree, its identity. Consciously or subconsciously, the objects can be employed or operate as signifiers of meaning, representing or reflecting matters such as the status, authority and history of the University, its breadth of learning and its interest and influence in spheres from science, art and world cultures to national affairs.
This thesis provides a comprehensive examination of the growth and development of the University's holdings of 'artefacts of significance' from its foundation to the mid-19th century, and in some cases (especially portraits) beyond this date. It also offers insights into how the University viewed and presented these items and what this reveals about the University of St Andrews, its identity, which changed and developed as the living institution evolved, and the impressions that it wished to project
Background rates of x-ray transition-edge sensor micro-calorimeters under a frequency domain multiplexing readout for solar axion-like particles’ detection
No full textWe report on the x-ray background rate measured with transition-edge sensors (TES) micro-calorimeters under frequency-domain multiplexing (FDM) readout as a possible technology for future experiments aiming at a direct detection of axion-like particles. Future axion helioscopes will make use of large magnets to convert axions into photons in the keV range and x-ray detectors to observe them. To achieve this, a detector array with high spectral performance and extremely low background is necessary. TES are single-photon, non-dispersive, high-resolution micro-calorimeters and represent a possible candidate for this application. We have been developing x-ray TES micro-calorimeters and an FDM readout technology in the framework of the space-borne x-ray astronomical observatories. We show that the current generation of our detectors is already a promising technology for a possible axion search experiment, having measured an x-ray background rate of 2.2(2) × 10−4 cm−2 s−1 keV−1 with a cryogenic demonstrator not optimized for this specific application. We then make a prospect to further improve the background rate down to the required value ( < 1 0 − 7 cm−2 s−1 keV−1) for an axion-search experiment, identifying no fundamental limits to reach such a level.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.ImPhys/Adam grou
Pamięć i tożsamość narodowa
No full textThis article examines the relationship between collective memory (CM) and national identity. Author argues that this relationship has a obvious political nature. He claims that CM simultaneously determines national identity and also can be understood as a one of its major manifestations. He puts hypothesis that politics and politically determined discourse on national identity are impossible without memorizing, re-memorizing and forgetting. Over mentioned memory in the sphere of political attitudes and activities is permanently recollecting, reshaping or intentionally forgetting. The author deals with issues such as: CM as a subject of scientific discourse; definitions of CM; relationship between collective CM and history; dynamics of CM and its determinants, CM as a condition for the existence of the nation; relationships between memorizing and forgetting
Inventory for a Reverse Journey. Photographic Image and Found Object - An investigation of travel and material transformation as a paradigm of artist's practice: Ed Ruscha, Douglas Huebler, Bas jan Ader, Jimmie Durham, Gustav Metzger, Kurt Schwitters & Cian Quayle.
No full textInventory for Reverse Journey is the title of a collection of photographic artefacts and found objects, which I have collected over the last twenty years. The title refers to one specific type of artist's journey, which is applicable to the `chronotope' of my archive, as a `metaphorical journey in space and time' (Bakhtin 1981, p. 81). The `city',`provincial town', `road', `threshold' and `interior' are recurrent motifs, which Bakhtin fused together to describe the historical evolution of the novel in relation to its different genres. Bakhtin's motifs are expanded as the basis of an evolutionary nomenclature of the artist's-journey, as a form of spatial mapping and identity formation. Alongside other sources from literature (Alain Robbe-Grillet), cinema (Michelangelo Antonioni), psychoanalysis (Kierkegaard) and critical theory (Walter Benjamin) I have developed a theoretical framework, which initially originated in an empirical process, that is reflected in the antecedents of this project. The research process, as a journey itself, has concretised this approach within a systems-based practice. This is mirrored in the work of the artists under investigation, as their differences and similarities are highlighted within a broad contextual analysis. Accordingly the tone of the writing shifts its register at different points in the thesis.
My journey is just one example of several paradigmatic formations of `travel' as a strategy, which investigates the work of six different artists, as a voluntary or involuntary form of exile. A deskilled use of the photographic image is examined in the work of Ed Ruscha, Douglas Huebler and Bas jan Ader in the spatial mapping of their chosen locations. The work of these artists manifests travel, as a strategy, in a benign form of regional and expatriate exile. The investigation shifts its focus from the New World to Europe, where the work of Jimmie Durham, Gustav Metzger and Kurt Schwitters is analysed in relation to their transformation of found objects and materials, and their relationship with a former 'home'. Their position registers different degrees of the `impossibility of return' to a point of origin, which exists in the mind rather than as a physical location. The transience of their work, and use of disparate materials, is counterbalanced by their physical presence in the work. Conversely Ader, Huebler and Ruscha are linked by a scale of decreasing visibility, as they are sublimated within their work in the formation of, what is now construed as, a unique photographic presence. The starting point for which is a return to the formative years of conceptualism in the 1960's, which set the scene for Durham and Metzger from the 1970's onwards. The spectre of Schwitters practice of forming (Formung) and unforming (Entformung) is significant for my analysis of the dematerialisation of the art-work and artist, by processes of series and repetition, distance and proximity, movement and stasis. Although `travel' is a ubiquitous term, I continue to use it as a portmanteau, which carries with it the themes and `salient' features of a typology of artist's journeys. In a moment of perceived obsolescence as digital information systems engender a culture of `selective-amnesia', these thoughts have informed my work, which runs parallel to the artist case-studies, and the material transformation of the photographic image and found object
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