196,046 research outputs found
Reduction Rates of SiMn Slags from Various Raw Materials
No full textThe kinetic information in the SiMn (Silicomanganese) process from melting of raw materials to production of metal was investigated in this work. This is of interest for the SiMn production industries where the effect of raw materials in the furnace is not well known and is assumed to give impact to the metal producing rates. The doctoral work comprises experimental investigation of industrial and synthetic SiMn charges, where a TGA (ThermoGravimetric Analyzer) under CO atmospheric pressure was used to simulate the industrial SiMn furnace. The kinetic information was observed and confirmed by considering four subsequent research topics.
First, the melting behavior of raw materials with particle sizes between 4 and 20 mm in SiMn charges was initially investigated mainly between 1200 and 1400 °C. Cross-section images and micro-analyses of two different charge compositions with and without HC (High-Carbon) FeMn (Ferromanganese) slag as raw material were compared to observe the slag forming temperatures. The results from the cross-section images proved that the melting of charges materials and completion of liquid slag occur relatively fast and at low temperatures between 1200 and 1400 °C regardless of particle size and of using HC FeMn slag as raw material. In fact, the contact between manganese sources and quartz was the most important factor during the formation of liquid slag, while the individual melting temperatures of each raw material were of less relation. From the micro-analyses, it was observed that the formation of liquid SiMn slag complies to the binary MnO-SiO2 system regardless of the charge composition. The slag phases were mainly composed of the two manganese silicates, Mn2SiO4 and MnSiO3, which were solidified from liquid SiMn slag.
Second, the reduction behavior of SiMn charges were investigated by comparing FeMn charges as reference between 1200 and 1600 °C. Charges with two different particle sizes, 0.6 − 1.6 and 4.0 − 6.3 mm, were also compared to observe the effect of particle size on the reduction rate. It was observed that the reduction of SiMn charges had occurred in two stages, while the reduction of FeMn charges was progressive. The two-stage reduction of SiMn charges involved a slow reduction followed by a rapid reduction, where the dividing temperature was approximately 1500 °C. The effect of particle size for reduction was only observed with FeMn charges, where faster reduction was observed from charge with smaller particle sizes. SiMn charges only contained liquid slag regardless of the particle sizes, which was observed from the experiments of the melting behavior of raw materials. Completion of liquid slag before the second reduction stage had nullified the effect of particle sizes on the reduction rate.
Third, the kinetic information of MnO and SiO2 reduction between 1500 and 1650 °C were obtained by using the following rate models:
The chemical reactions of MnO and SiO2 reduction were assumed to be the rate-determining steps, where the rate and kinetic parameters were calculated by investigating three different SiMn charges: Charges “As” (Assmang ore + quartz + coke), “As/HCS” (Assmang ore + quartz + HC FeMn slag + coke) and “HCS” (quartz + HC FeMn slag + coke), where the manganese bearing materials are Assmang ore (As) and HC FeMn slag (HCS). It was initially observed that SiMn charges containing HC FeMn slag as raw material had faster and higher reduction rates than charges without HC FeMn slag. The use of HC FeMn slag had the apparent effect of the enhanced reduction rates. From the comparison of the rate and kinetic parameters, it was observed that the reduction rate of MnO was considerably more influenced by the slag properties from the rate constants rather than the driving force (aMnO − aMn/KMnO). The comparison also indicated that the effect of sulfur as impurity element in the charge was superior than the effect of slag viscosity or amount of iron for enhanced reduction rates. In addition, the two rate models were applicable to describe the changing amount of MnO and SiO2 in various SiMn slags between 1200 and 1650 °C of different reduction degrees.
Finally, the effect of sulfur for enhanced reduction rates was confirmed by experiments with synthetic SiMn charges. A controlled slag system, MnO-SiO2-CaO, with different amount of sulfur between 0 and 0.9 wt% was studied between 1500 and 1650 °C. Addition of sulfur into the charge has significantly enhanced the reduction rates of MnO and SiO2, where the threshold amount of sulfur was approximately 0.3 wt%. Also, it was observed that sulfur does not behaves as a catalyst for MnO reduction but was assumed to influence the reduction rate between slag and dissolved carbon in the metal phase by increasing the wetting between the two phases. Similar observation of the effect of sulfur from iron and steel production studies were compared with this work, where the effect of sulfur was further discussed. In addition, the reduction paths of MnO and SiO2 in the MnO-SiO2-CaO system between 1200 and 1650 °C were construed by using the two rate models and experimental measurements. It was observed that the initial direction of the reduction was determined by the SiO2/CaO ratio, but the reduction degree was determined by the amount of sulfur
Dr. Duane M. Jackson, Morehouse College, July 2011
No full textThis video is a conversation with Dr. Duane M. Jackson. Dr. Jackson talks about his paper, "Recall and the Serial Position Effect: The Role of Primacy and Recency on Accounting Students' Performance." Jackie Daniel, AUC Woodruff Library, is the interviewer
"Reflections on the subject of Emigration from Europe with a view to Settlement in the United States" By M. Carey.
No full text"Reflections on the subject of Emigration from Europe with a view to Settlement in the United States: containing bried sketches of the moral and political character of those states.
By M. Carey, member of the American philosophical, and of the American Antiquarian Society, and author of The Olive Branch, Cindiciae Hibernicae, essays on banking, on political economy, and on internal improvement.
To which are now added the English editor's comments on the subject; together with Important Advice to Emigrants, and Cautions Against Impositions Practiced in the Outports
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Dr. Glendon Swarthout
No full textHosted by Roger M. Busfield, MSU Assistant Professor of Speech and Theater, Meet the Author is designed to introduce a general audience to a contemporary author and their work through in-depth interviews. This episode features a conversation between Dr. Glendon Swarthout, prolific author and English professor at MSU, and assistant professors Sam S. Baskett and Theodore B. Strandness
Simulation of thermal plant optimization and hydraulic aspects of thermal distribution loops for large campuses
No full textFollowing an introduction, the author describes Texas A&M University and its utilities system. After that, the author presents how to construct simulation models for chilled water and heating hot water distribution systems. The simulation model was used in a $2.3 million Ross Street chilled water pipe replacement project at Texas A&M University. A second project conducted at the University of Texas at San Antonio was used as an example to demonstrate how to identify and design an optimal distribution system by using a simulation model. The author found that the minor losses of these closed loop thermal distribution systems are significantly higher than potable water distribution systems. In the second part of the report, the author presents the latest development of software called the Plant Optimization Program, which can simulate cogeneration plant operation, estimate its operation cost and provide optimized operation suggestions. The author also developed detailed simulation models for a gas turbine and heat recovery steam generator and identified significant potential savings. Finally, the author also used a steam turbine as an example to present a multi-regression method on constructing simulation models by using basic statistics and optimization algorithms. This report presents a survey of the author??s working experience at the Energy Systems Laboratory (ESL) at Texas A&M University during the period of January 2002 through March 2004. The purpose of the above work was to allow the author to become familiar with the practice of engineering. The result is that the author knows how to complete a project from start to finish and understands how both technical and nontechnical aspects of a project need to be considered in order to ensure a quality deliverable and bring a project to successful completion. This report concludes that the objectives of the internship were successfully accomplished and that the requirements for the degree of Degree of Engineering have been satisfied
Intern experience at CH���M Hill, Inc.: an internship report
No full textIncludes author's vita"Submitted to the College of Engineering of Texas A&M University in partial
fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Engineering."Includes bibliographical referencesA review of the author's internship experience with CH���M HILL, Inc.
during the period September 1975 through May 1976 is presented. During this nine month
internship the author worked as an Engineer II in the Industrial Processes discipline of this
large consulting engineering firm... The author's prime responsibility was as one of three
lead design engineers on the design of a large wastewater treatment facility for a pulp mill
in Hoquiam, Washington owned by ITT Rayonier Inc. The work generally consisted of the design
of individual treatment units and associated piping and pumping. The purpose of the project
was to provide wastewater treatment capabilities that would satisfy the effluent limitations
(standards) imposed upon the mill by the State of Washington Department of Ecology and the
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The author's assignment also entailed necessary
interaction with the project manager and other CH���M HILL design engineers and support staff
members, the client's representatives, and representatives of two other consulting engineering
firms working on the project. Thus, the internship position at CH���M HILL provided considerable
experience coordinating the author's work with the work of other engineers, guiding the design
and administrative efforts of a support staff, and interacting regularly with the client and
other consulting firms. This broad exposure to a variety of engineering and organizational
problems provided a valuable educational experience
Transition to turbulence in a qblique shock-wave/boundary-layer interaction at M=15
No full textDirect numerical simulations are carried out for different forcing techniques to trigger transition during the interaction between an oblique shock-wave and a laminar boundary-layer at M = 1.5. Three forcing methods are used: a) forcing of oblique unstable modes, whose shape and behaviour are determined by the local linear stability theory, b) broadband free-stream acoustic disturbances, and c) a cold plasma flow control device. While the oblique-mode breakdown is dominant for low-amplitude forcing, long streaky structures drive the transition process in a high-amplitude disturbance environment. LES are also performed on the experimental setup by the Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (ITAM) from Novosibirsk State University with cold plasma actuation. As well as the disturbance type, the effect of Reynolds number and forcing amplitude will be investigated
Letter from Cedrick M. Shimo to the Office of Redress Administration, June 4, 1991
No full textA letter from Cedrick M. Shimo to the Office of Redress Administration arguing that John Y. Udaka is entitled to a redress payment.These materials are from box 73 and 74 of the Frank Chin Papers. The Frank Chin Papers contain personal and professional correspondence between Frank Chin and Michi Weglyn relating to particular projects on which either author was working as well as files related to the Day of Remembrance Tribute to Michi Weglyn
The construction of Karen Karnak: The multi-author-function
No full textThis thesis is situated within the comparatively recent developments of Web 2.0 and the emergence of interactive WikiMedia, and explores the mode of authorship within a Read/Write culture compared to that of a Read/Only tradition. The hypothesis of this study is that the role of the audience has become merged with the author, and as such, represents new functions and attributes, distinct from a more conventional concept of authorship, in which the roles of audience and author are more separate. Read/Write and participatory culture, as defined by this study, is focused on collaboration, and includes the influences of D.I.Y. culture, Open-Source practices and the production of text by multiple authors. Multi-authorship presents a re-thinking of several concepts which support the notion of the individual author, since the focus of multi-authorship is not on attribution and ownership of a finished text, but on the continued malleability of a text. Modes of multi-authorship, demonstrated in the use of the pseudonyms Alan Smithee and Karen Eliot, represent declarative authors whose names signify multiple origins, whilst concurrently indicating a distinct body of work. The function of these names form an important context to this study, since primary research involves the construction of an experimental mode of multi-authorship utilising WikiMedia technology and the interaction of thirty nine participants, who are invited to create a body of work under the collective pseudonym Karen Karnak. The data generated by this experiment is analysed using aspects of Michel Foucault's author-function to identify and determine power structures inherent in the WikiMedia context. The interplay of power structures, including concepts such as identity, ownership and the body of work, affect the resulting mode of authorship and contribute to the construction of Karen Karnak, suggesting further areas of research into the emerging multi-author
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