1,720,962 research outputs found
Entwurf einer kompakten, energieeffizienten, frei programmierbaren Hörgeräteplattform zur praxisnahen Erprobung audiologischer Algorithmen
Full text linkDerzeit leidet rund 19 % der Weltbevölkerung an Hörverlust (WHO, World report on hearing, 2021). Dieser Anteil wird Prognosen zufolge in den nächsten Jahrzehnten weiter steigen. Die Beeinträchtigung des Hörvermögens geht zusätzlich mit gravierenden negativen Auswirkungen einher. Dazu zählen eine verringerte soziale Interaktion bis hin zur Isolation, Einfluss auf die psychische und sogar physische Gesundheit, der Zugang zu Bildung und eine dekrementierende Lebensqualität. Diese Folgeerscheinungen stellen einschneidende Belastungen für die Personen dar, aber auch für die Gesellschaft. Es bedarf daher einer Verbesserung der Versorgung von Hörverlust. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird in dieser Arbeit eine portable Forschungs- und Entwicklungsplattform implementiert. Diese Plattform kann als Hilfsmittel für die Entwicklung und praxisnahe Erprobung von entsprechenden Audiosignalverarbeitungsalgorithmen genutzt werden. Die Hardware des Geräts wird in dieser Arbeit weitgehend herstellerunabhängig entworfen. Zu testende Algorithmen können in der Programmiersprache C geschrieben werden. Eine möglichst hohe Adaptabilität zwischen der Funktionsweise aber auch den Restriktionen sowie dem technischen Umfang in einer Hörhilfe wie einem Hörgerät und der Entwicklungsplattform wird sichergestellt. Damit wird die Übertragbarkeit von Erkenntnissen und Entwicklungsarbeiten auf zukünftige Hörhilfen, die bei einer Versorgung eingesetzt werden, gewährleistet. Für die Implementierung einer solchen Plattform wird auf Basis eines Lastenhefts ein Systementwurf erstellt und konkretisiert, bevor ein Schaltplanentwurf sowie dessen Erprobung in Form eines funktionalen Tischaufbaus und ein Leiterplattendesign für eine portable, kosteneffiziente Lösung erfolgen. Ein erster Gehäuseentwurf ermöglicht die Implementierung einer Gesamtlösung, die in natürlicher Geräuschumgebung erprobt und genutzt werden kann. Der Prototyp wird geprüft, die korrekte Funktionsweise sichergestellt und das System mit ausgewählten elektrischen sowie elektroakustischen Eigenschaften charakterisiert. Mit dieser Arbeit wird versucht einen Beitrag für diese gesellschaftliche Herausforderung zu leisten sowie die Lebensqualität der geschädigten Personen auf lange Sicht zu steigern, indem die Entwicklung fortschrittlicher Signalverarbeitung von Audiosignalen für die Versorgung von Hörverlust unterstützt wird. Wissenstransfer sowie interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit soll vereinfacht und die Akzeptanz von Hörhilfen durch technischen Fortschritt verbessert werden.These days, WHO estimates that 19 % of the world’s population suffers from hearing loss (WHO, World report on hearing, 2021). According to forecasts, the number of affected people is expected to rise in the fol-lowing decades. Furthermore, impaired hearing is associated with severe adverse side effects including reduced social interaction right up to isolation, restrained physical and mental health, access to education, and a decremented quality of life. These sequelae are heavy burdens and challenges for affected individuals as well as society. Consequently, taking care of hearing loss must be improved. Against this background, a portable platform for research and development is designed and implemented in this thesis. The platform can be used as a tool for engineering and testing algorithms for audio signal processing algorithms in a realistic environment. A device is designed that is mostly independent of manufacturer-specific components. It features C-programmability of algorithms to be tested on the platform. There is a high adaptability between the functionality, the restrictions as well as the technical scope of a hearing device and the portable platform in this work. This ensures that findings and engineered algorithms can be transferred to future hearing aids. The platform is implemented in several steps. First, a system design is conceived based on the requirement specification. This is followed by a schematic circuit diagram design, which is tested in form of a functional model, and the design of a printed board for a cost-efficient, portable device. In combination with a first enclosure concept, a complete solution, which can be used in a realistic acoustic environment, is implemented. This prototype is tested, correct functionality is ensured, and a system characterization with well-chosen electrical as well as electro-acoustic properties is created. This work strives to contribute to those social challenges and to improve impaired persons’ quality of life in the long term by supporting engineering of advanced audio signal processing algorithms for hearing loss care. Knowledge transfer as well as interdisciplinary cooperation is to be facilitated and the reputation of hearing aids can be enhanced thanks to technical progress
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Modeling Pitch Perception With an Active Auditory Model Extended by Octopus Cells
Full text linkPitch is an essential category for musical sensations. Models of pitch perception are vividly discussed up to date. Most of them rely on definitions of mathematical methods in the spectral or temporal domain. Our proposed pitch perception model is composed of an active auditory model extended by octopus cells. The active auditory model is the same as used in the Stimulation based on Auditory Modeling (SAM), a successful cochlear implant sound processing strategy extended here by modeling the functional behavior of the octopus cells in the ventral cochlear nucleus and by modeling their connections to the auditory nerve fibers (ANFs). The neurophysiological parameterization of the extended model is fully described in the time domain. The model is based on latency-phase en- and decoding as octopus cells are latency-phase rectifiers in their local receptive fields. Pitch is ubiquitously represented by cascaded firing sweeps of octopus cells. Based on the firing patterns of octopus cells, inter-spike interval histograms can be aggregated, in which the place of the global maximum is assumed to encode the pitch
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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