93 research outputs found
Requirement for STAT3 and its target, TFCP2L1, in self-renewal of naïve pluripotent stem cells in vivo and in vitro.
No full textWe previously demonstrated gradual loss of epiblast during diapause in embryos lacking components of the LIF/IL6 receptor. Here, we explore the requirement for the downstream signalling transducer andactivator of transcription STAT3 and its target, TFCP2L1, in maintenance of naïve pluripotency. Unlike conventional markers, such as NANOG, which remains high in epiblast until implantation, both STAT3 and TFCP2L1 proteins decline during blastocyst expansion, but intensify in the embryonic region after induction of diapause, as observed visually and confirmed using our image-analysis pipeline, consistent with our previous transcriptional expression data. Embryos lacking STAT3 or TFCP2L1 underwent catastrophic loss of most of the inner cell mass during the first few days of diapause, indicating involvement of signals in addition to LIF/IL6 for sustaining naïve pluripotency in vivo. By blocking MEK/ERK signalling from the morula stage, we could derive embryonic stem cells with high efficiency from STAT3 null embryos, but not those lacking TFCP2L1, suggesting a hitherto unknown additional role for this essential STAT3 target in transition from embryo to embryonic stem cells in vitro. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper
HERMENEUTIKA OTENTISITAS HADIS M. MUSTOFA AZAMI
No full textThis article discusses Azami criticism to Ignaz Gholziher and Joseph Schacht. The author tries to integrate the relations of hermeneutics as a solution to solve the issues of Hadith authenticity, and its interconnected to psychology, that Azami position when criticizing the Orientalists, Joseph Schacht, based on the flow of his thought of isnaad. Then in reviewing hermeneutics, in general there are three dominant element is the relationship between (author), Text (text) and readers (reader). So the results of this analysis, the author is orientalist, Joseph Schacht Ignaz Goldziher. The Text is orientalist books, thoughts, opinions or their theories, in this case Joseph Schacht. The reader is referred Azami. The discovery of the authors that position Azami criticism included are the internal and external criticism, namely external criticism Azami focus lies in criticism of the Orientalists, he criticized Joseph from isnaad. And internal criticism, plays on historiography, he criticized the use of sciences related to hadith, such as ‘Ilm Tadwin al-Hadith, ‘Ilm Rijal al-Hadith, ‘Ilm Jarh wa ta\u27dil, Ulum al-Hadith, ‘Ilm al-Fiqh.Dalam tulisan ini dikaji Kritik Azami terhadap kedua orientalis yaitu Ignaz Gholziher dan Joseph Schacht. Penulis mencoba mengintegrasikan bagaimana hubungan hermeneutika sebagai solusi untuk memecahkan isu-isu otentisitas Hadis, dan aplikasi interkoneksinya seperti ilmu psikologi, bahwa posisi Azami ketika mengkritik terhadap orientalis yaitu Joseph, ia melihat berdasarkan alur pemikiran isnadnya. Kemudian dalam mengkaji hermeneutika, secara garis besar ada tiga unsur yang dominan yaitu hubungan antara (author), teks (text) dan pembaca (reader). Maka hasil dari analisis ini, author adalah orientalis yaitu Joseph Schacht, Ignaz Goldziher yang mana textnya adalah buku-buku orientalis, pemikiran, pendapat atau teori orientalis dalam hal ini Joseph Schacht, yang dimaksud reader adalah Azami. Penemuan penulis bahwa posisi kritik Azami termasuk berada dalam kritik internal dan eksternal, yaitu fokus kritik eksternal Azami terletak pada kritik terhadap orientalis, ia mengkritik Joseph dari isnadnya. Dan kritik internal, berposisi pada historiografi, ia mengkritik menggunakan ilmu-ilmu yang berkaitan dengan hadis, seperti ilmu tadwin al-hadis, ilmu rijalul hadis, ilmu jar wata’dil, Ilmu Hadis, ilmu Fiqih
Kajian Hadis Mustafa Azami Sebagai Kerja Hermeneutika (Analisis Kajian Sanad dan Matan Hadis dalam Studies in Hadith Methodologi and Literature Karya Mustafa Azami)
No full textyang tak terelakkan dalam kajian hadis. Dari sini penting disadari bahwa hermeneutika bukan hal baru, apalagi “sesuatu” yang berbahaya bagi kajian Hadis. Istilah ini memang bukan dari pemikir Islam. Namun secara subtansi, hermeneutika sebagai kerja kritis atas hadis (sanad dan matan) telah melekat di kalangan muslim klasik dan modern-kontemporer. Tulisan ini ingin membuktikan bahwa Azami sekalipun, yang dikenal ‘anti’ barat, secara subtansi melakukan kerja hermeneutika. Metode kajian hadis Azami, baik sanad maupun matan akan ditarik dalam diskusi hermeneutika hadis, yang dalam hal ini penulis akan menggunakan tiga unsur dasar dalam wacana hermeneutika, yakni author (perawi), teks (hadis) dan reader (Azami). Artikel ini akan menjawan tentag bagaimana dan sejauhmana metode pemikiran hadis Mustafa Azami dapat diposisikan sebagai kerja hermeneutika, dalam hal ini sebagai kajian kritis atas sanad dan matan hadis? Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa Azami dalam kerja hermeneutika-nya senantiasa mengungkap diskusi keorisinalitas perawi (sanad) dan kerasionalitas matan dengan melakukan metode perbandingan. Argumen nalar digunakan dalam konteks menelusuri seputar fakta perawi, dan menentukan masuk akal atau tidaknya kandungan matan hadi
OS0803 Development and On-site Test of Large Wind Turbine's Blade Vibration Monitoring System
No full text
Child Marriage in Afghanistan: the costs and consequences that we don't know
No full textThis article explores the issue of child marriage in Afghanistan, emphasizing its impact on maternal health and overall development. It discusses the knowledge gap regarding community awareness and government action. The author conducts a literature search, critiquing two research papers for their methodology and findings.
The conclusion highlights the limited value of existing research, with the need for more robust studies and policy development. Afghanistan lacks specific legislation defining the age of marriage, which remains a concern
Mixed coordinate Node link Visualization for Co_authorship Hypergraph Networks
No full textWe present an algorithmic technique for visualizing the co-authorship
networks and other networks modeled with hypergraphs (set systems). As more
than two researchers can co-author a paper, a direct representation of the
interaction of researchers through their joint works cannot be adequately
modeled with direct links between the author-nodes. A hypergraph representation
of a co-authorship network treats researchers/authors as nodes and papers as
hyperedges (sets of authors). The visualization algorithm that we propose is
based on one of the well-studied approaches representing both authors and
papers as nodes of different classes. Our approach resembles some known ones
like anchored maps but introduces some special techniques for optimizing the
vertex positioning. The algorithm involves both continuous (force-directed)
optimization and discrete optimization for determining the node coordinates.
Moreover, one of the novelties of this work is classifying nodes and links
using different colors. This usage has a meaningful purpose that helps the
viewer to obtain valuable information from the visualization and increases the
readability of the layout. The algorithm is tuned to enable the viewer to
answer questions specific to co-authorship network studies.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures, 1 tabl
Simplified In Vitro Generation of Human Gastruloids for Modelling Early Development
No full textThe purpose of this study was to optimize the efficiency and cost of human gastruloid formation by testing and adjusting individual parameters using as examples two distinct human pluripotent stem cell lines, both available from the UK Stem Cell Bank. For the first step, commercially sourced culture medium was replaced with a home-made defined recipe, known as ‘N2B27’, into which specific reagents can be titrated. By reducing the concentration of Activin A to 15% of the original protocol, efficient elongation of aggregated embryoid bodies was achieved. Also, titrating initial cell density and delaying the brief culture in GSK3 inhibitor until the onset of cell aggregation in individual wells was advantageous. Efficiency of formation of early gastruloids exhibiting the expected regionalization of the three embryonic germ layers was further enhanced by addition of TGFβ-inhibitor. The optimization steps presented here thus provide a simplified, robust and relatively economical protocol for consistent generation of elongated gastruloids from human pluripotent stem cells. This streamlined method improves accessibility and reproducibility, also providing a standardized platform to investigate fundamental principles of early human development
The Effects of Environmental Modifications on Improving the Sleep Quality of the Elderly Hospitalized in the Cardiac Care Unit
No full textBackground: Sleep deprivation is a common problem among the elderly in the cardiac care unit (CCU). Objectives: The present study aimed to determine the effects of environmental modifications on sleep quality improvement in these people. Methods: The study population included 60 elderly patients whose sleep quality was assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index with even domains. The environmental factors that can disturb sleep quality were determined via a questionnaire, including 13 questions on a 5-point Likert scale. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed in SPSS 22 software via indepen-dent sample student t-test and chi-square. Results: After environmental modifications, the total sleep quality scores changed from 11.8 to 5.96, indicating sleep quality im-provement. Before executing the environmental modifications, there were no significant correlations between sleep quality scores and demographic variables (sex, age, marital status, and economic status). However, after the modifications, there was a significant relationship between sleep quality and economic status (P = 0.024). Conclusions: Environmental factors can affect sleep quality in the elderly hospitalized in CCU. Therefore, it is possible to improve sleep quality in these individuals by modulating environmental conditions. © 2021, Author(s)
The relationship between metabolic syndrome and increased risk of Barrett's esophagus: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textBackgroundThe relationship between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and Barrett's esophagus (BE) is still a challenging issue, and inconsistent results have been reported in different studies. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between MetS and BE.MethodsIn this study, we followed the MOOSE protocol and results were reported according to the PRISMA guidelines. All study steps were performed independently by two authors. If necessary, the dispute was resolved by consultation with a third author. The search strategy is designed to find published studies. Comprehensive search was done in the following databases until July 2019: Cochrane Library, PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Science Direct, EMBASE, Scopus, CINAHL, EBSCO, and Google Scholar search engine. All analyses were performed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software Ver.2, while p-value lower than 0.05 was considered significant.ResultsIn 14 studies with a sample size of 108,416, MetS significantly increased the risk of BE (OR=1.354; 95 CI: 1.145-1.600; P<0.001; Heterogeneity: I-2 =81.95; P<0.001). Sensitivity analysis by omitting one study showed that overall estimates are still robust. Subgroup analysis was significant for continent (P<0.001) and MetS diagnostic criteria (P=0.043), but was not significant for variables of study type (P=0.899), study setting (P=0.115), control groups (P=0.671) and quality of studies (P=0.603). The Begg (P=0.912) and Egger's (P=0.094) tests were not significant; therefore, the publication bias did not play a role in the results.ConclusionMetS increases the risk of BE compared to control groups. The results of this study can help health practitioners by identifying a treatable risk factor for the most important risk factor for esophageal carcinoma (ie, BE). Future studies should examine whether treatment for MetS reduces the risk of BE
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