576 research outputs found
An Interview with Naoki Kasuga
No full textProfessor Naoki Kasuga is the editor of the Anthropology as critique of reality. He has worked at Hitotsubashi University since 2010, when he moved from a position at Osaka University. In many ways Kasuga is a unique figure in Japanese anthropology. He is the author of a series of experimental and highly divergent works, and he was one of the translators of Writing culture into Japanese. This interview weaves together a discussion of Kasuga's own trajectory with a story of some broader transformations in Japanese anthropology that have lead to current explorations of ontology
A FUNÇÃO DA ESCRITA PARA O AUTISTA NAOKI HIGASHIDA
No full textThe present article starts a study that sought to understand a function of the writing for the author Naoki Higashida from his book "What makes me jump". The hypothesis raised for a writing makes possible a treatment of the voice and a stability of the signs, attending to the anxieties of the autism immutability. Starting from a psychoanalytic look on the voice and the autistic subjects, they were studied as supports of authors related to the subject, emphasizing as the supports of Higashida in its singularity in its relation with the writing. It was possible to conclude that the voice, as object, is something extracted by the autistic in its constitution, that is, the autist retains its voice. Higashida\u27s writing favors the sending of data to the outside world, since the work can be done, as well as the polysemy and the direct addressing of the voice to the other, not having the marked presence of this one. The continuity is once, the support by means of the double, the writing facilitates the communication with the letters, the indices and symbols, the access to the criteria of immobility sought by the author, besides enabling the connection and the social insertion.O presente artigo parte de um estudo que buscou compreender a função da escrita para o autista Naoki Higashida a partir do seu livro “O que me faz pular”. Diante da dificuldade que a voz falada apresenta para o autor, a hipótese levantada foi que a escrita viabiliza um tratamento da voz e a estabilidade dos signos, atendendo aos anseios de imutabilidade do autista. Partindo de um olhar psicanalítico sobre a voz e os sujeitos autistas, foram estudadas as contribuições de diversos autores relacionados ao tema, ressaltando as contribuições de Higashida em sua singularidade na sua relação com a escrita. Foi possível concluir que a voz, enquanto objeto a, não é algo extraído pelo autista em sua constituição, não favorecendo o endereçamento da voz ao outro, a partir da entrada na linguagem e, assim, o autista retém sua voz. A escrita de Higashida favorece à ele se conectar ao mundo externo, uma vez que possibilita o trabalho com signos, evitando polissemias e endereçamento direto da voz ao Outro, não havendo a presença marcante deste. A hipótese é confirmada uma vez que, sustentada pelo recurso ao duplo, a escrita proporciona tranquilidade ao lidar com letras, números e símbolos, atende aos critérios de imutabilidade buscado pelo autista, além de possibilitar a conexão e inserção social por meio dela
Um estudo psicanalítico sobre a escrita autobiográfica de dois autores autistas: Daniel Tammet e Naoki Higashida
No full textO objetivo desta pesquisa é refletir sobre a escrita autobiográfica produzida por autistas, por meio da qual relatam suas experiências e maneiras particulares de estar no mundo, as dificuldades encontradas na aquisição da linguagem, a apropriação da voz e o encontro com os outros. O eixo do estudo parte da leitura de duas obras autobiográficas: Nascido em um dia azul. Por dentro da mente de um autista extraordinário (2007), de Daniel Tammet, e O que me faz pular (2014), de Naoki Higashida. Daniel Tammet é um autista de alto funcionamento, com grandes habilidades matemáticas e capacidades consideráveis para aprender línguas, e descreve seu quadro autístico, seu pensamento alicerçado em imagens, o interesse por números, especialmente o número pi, e sua relação muito particular com a língua. Naoki Higashida é um adolescente que revela suas emoções, sentimentos e seu mundo permeado de sensibilidade e poesia, narrando vivências de sofrimento e angústia por não conseguir se comunicar com as pessoas; é um garoto que apresenta dificuldades para falar, porém, por meio da escrita, consegue transmitir sua singularidade e a maneira que encontrou para estabelecer laços sociais. Este estudo possui como fundamentação teórica e clínica a psicanálise lacaniana e procura destacar que essas produções autobiográficas ampliam e expandem a compreensão sobre os autismos. Os escritos autobiográficos revelam um saber próprio e, desse modo, contribuem para a clínica psicanalítica, possuindo importantes implicações no campo socialThe objective of this research is to reflect on the autobiographical and poetic writing produced by autistic subjects whereby they report their particular experiences and ways of being in the world. They especially describe the difficulties encountered in language acquisition and in voice appropriation. The focus of the study comes from the reading of two autobiographical works, initially ties Daniel Tammet's work “Born on a Blue Day” (2007) will be highlighted. He is a high-functioning autistic with great mathematical skills and considerable language learning capability. The author describes his autistic characteristic, his thoughts based on images, his interest in numbers and the particular relationship with language. Later the book “What makes me jump” (2014) by Naoki Higashida, a teenager who reveals his emotions, feelings and his world permeated with sensitivity and poetry. The author narrates experiences of suffering and anguish for not being able to communicate with people. Naoki is a boy who does not speak, but it is through writing that he can transmit his singularity and the way he found to establish social. This study has as its theoretical and clinical foundation in the lacanian psychoanalysis and seeks to give focus on the fact that these productions broaden and expand the understanding of autisms. The autobiographical writings reveal their own knowledge, and thus contribute to the psychoanalytic clinic, and have important implications in the social fiel
La transformation du système financier et la crise contemporaine : Le mode de régulation financière dans le capitalisme japonais
No full textThe transformation of the financial system and the contemporary crisis
This paper tries to characterize the financial system which supported the accumulation regime in the postwar Japanese economy, and to explain the role of the financial system in the transformation of the accumulation regime after the 1970's. The Japanese postwar « financial mode of regulation » consists of the following three elements : interventions and regulations by the financial authorities, the structure of corporate finance, and the structure of corporate governance. By using these elements, the author aims at shelding light on the financial aspect of the « company-ism regulation » in the postwar Japanese economy and considers possibilities for reforming the financial system to construct a new growth regime.Cet article tente de caractériser le système financier qui a soutenu le régime d'accumulation dans l'économie japonaise de l'après-guerre, et essaie d'expliquer le rôle du système financier dans la transformation du régime d'accumulation après les années 1970.
Le « mode de régulation financier » japonais de l'après-guerre se compose de trois éléments : les interventions et les régulations des autorités financières ; la structure de financement des entreprises ; la structure de gouvernement des entreprises.
A partir de ces éléments, l'auteur tente d'apporter un éclairage sur l'aspect
financier de la « company-issm regulation » dans l'économie japonaise de l'après- guerre et considère les possibilités de réforme du système financier pour construire un nouveau régime de croissance.Nabeshima Naoki. La transformation du système financier et la crise contemporaine : Le mode de régulation financière dans le capitalisme japonais . In: Revue d'économie financière, n°43, 1997. Le système financier japonais . pp. 37-79
The Application of Synthetic Biology to Elucidation of Plant Mono-, Sesqui-, and Diterpenoid Metabolism
No full textPlants synthesize a huge variety of terpenoid natural products, including photosynthetic pigments, signaling molecules and defensive substances. These are often produced as complex mixtures, presumably shaped by selective pressure over evolutionary timescales, some of which have been found to have pharmaceutical and other industrial uses. Elucidation of the relevant biosynthetic pathways can provide increased access (e.g., via molecular breeding or metabolic engineering), and enable reverse genetic approaches towards understanding the physiological role of these natural products in plants as well. While such information can be obtained via a variety of approaches, this review describes the emerging use of synthetic biology to recombinantly reconstitute plant terpenoid biosynthetic pathways in heterologous host organisms as a functional discovery tool, with a particular focus on incorporation of the historically problematic cytochrome P450 mono-oxygenases. Also falling under the synthetic biology rubric and discussed here is the nascent application of genome-editing tools to probe physiological function.This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced version of an article accepted for publication in Molecular Plant following peer review. The version of record, Kitaoka, Naoki, Xuan Lu, Bing Yang, and Reuben J. Peters. "The application of synthetic biology to elucidation of plant mono-, sesqui-, and diterpenoid metabolism." Molecular plant 8, no. 1 (2015): 6-16, is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2014.12.002.</p
On the Sanpō Taisei, an interim version of the Taisei Sankei, established in ca.1695 (Study of the History of Mathematics 2021)
No full textThe Taisei Sankei is an encyclopaedic work of Japanese mathematics compiled by three mathematicians, Seki Takakazu and his disciples, the Tatebe brothers. The compilation project began in 1683 on the initiative of the younger Takebe, Katahiro, and was completed by the elder Takebe, Kata'akira, in 1710. An interim edition in twelve volumes, entitled Sanpō Taisei, was drafted by Katahiro around 1695, but no manuscript of this edition survives. However, it is important to study the Sanpō Taisei because it is considered to be the culmination of Seki Takakazu's mathematical works. By studying the mathematical manuscripts left behind by the three mathematicians, this paper deduces which volumes of the Taisei Sankei succeed the Sanpō Taisei and how the Sanpō Taisei was compiled. We also identify the author(s) of the four manuscripts Kyūketsu Henkeisōkai, Kyūseki, Kaihō Sanshiki and Kaihō whose contents are common to some parts of the Taisei Sankei
胎盤由来間葉系幹細胞の胎盤機能検査法としての役割に関する研究
No full textThe cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for pregnancy-related disorders remain unclear. We investigated the feasibility of using placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as a tool to study such pregnancy-related disorders. We isolated and expanded adequate numbers of cells with characteristic features of MSCs from the chorionic plate (CP-MSCs), chorionic villi (CV-MSCs), and decidua basalis (DB-MSCs) of human term placental tissues. All placenta-derived MSCs expressed pregnancy-associated C14MC microRNA (miRNA) (miR-323-3p). Interestingly, the placenta-specific C19MC
miRNAs (miR-518b and miR517a) were clearly expressed in CP-MSCs and CV-MSCs of foetal origin, but were barely expressed in DB-MSCs of maternal origin. Furthermore, expression levels of placenta-specific C19MC miRNAs in CV-MSCs remained stable during the ex vivo expansion process and across different pregnancy phases (first trimester versus third trimester). High-efficiency siRNA transfection was confirmed in twice-passaged CV-MSCs with
little toxicity, and microarray analysis was used to screen for miR-518b target genes. Placenta-derived MSCs, especially CV-MSCs, are a potential tool for investigating the role of placental miRNAs in pregnancy-related disorders.長崎大学学位論文 学位記番号:博(医歯薬)甲第1006号 学位授与年月日:平成30年3月20日Author: Naoki Fuchi, Kiyonori Miura, Hanako Doi, Tao-Sheng Li & Hideaki MasuzakiCitation: Scientific Reports, 7, 46220; 201
A simple multi-player video game framework for experimenting and teaching cultural understanding
No full textWe have created a game called Culture Code that allows researchers and teachers to host online games where teams have asynchronous abilities. Inspired by the game Barnga [11], which is designed to “explore factors related to communication problems in intercultural situations”, our game, Culture Code, takes Barnga’s basic mechanics and extends them. In Barnga, some players enter a game where they do not know the game rules resulting in a disadvantage compared to others who already know the rules. This mechanic is meant to simulate the disadvantages of someone entering a culture where the rules aren’t explained. We extend this idea into out frame-work in which players are divided into teams, and each team’s capabilities can be uniquely defined. This framework can be used to create a wide variety of scenarios to facilitate experiments and teachin
超伝導コイルの循環冷却技術
No full textFocusing on the circulating cooling of superconducting coils, the author introduces an example of research and development that cools the coil by circulating liquid helium, gas helium, and liquid hydrogen. In order to realize more efficient cooling, the author explains a method that combines a circulation method with magnetic refrigeration and oscillating heat pipes, and a method that involves circulation with a cryofan in the state of low temperature fluid without going through room temperature. In addition, the benefits of circulating cooling are also mentioned.journal articl
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