1,720,957 research outputs found
Share water sample metadata: an example from Sardinia LTER-Italy marine and freshwater sites
No full textA collection of phytoplankton fixed water samples has been maintained at the Department of Architecture, Design and Planning (DADU) of the University of Sassari, which is part of LifeWatch Italy (LW-ITA). The DADU collection includes samples from different aquatic ecosystems in Sardinia (freshwater, transitional and coastal marine), comprising research stations of sites “14 Sardinian marine ecosystems” and “10 Lake Ecosystems of Sardinia” of LTER-Italy (Long Term Ecological Research). The samples have been collected within different research projects since late 70s.
Scientific information available for each sample includes the list of phytoplankton species, their abundances and biovolume. This information has been reported on “raw counting tables”. Furthermore, since the samples have been collected for ecological studies, each sample has been accompanied by data of sets of environmental variables, including measures obtained directly in the field and in the laboratory, reported on “sampling sheets” and “laboratory tables”, partially already organized in electronic format.
A project funded by the Fondazione di Sardegna has allowed starting in cataloguing the phytoplankton samples, collecting and digitization of documents associated with them as well, with the general objective to valorise the ecological information present and linked to the samples. Nowadays, the use of innovative techniques (e.g. molecular techniques) can allow obtain more information on biodiversity also from old samples. Consequently, the DADU collection represents a potential source of biodiversity information. A process of sharing, by the use of CSIRO physical samples metadata model according with International Geo Sample Number (IGSN), gathered in the project has been started
Sharing water and sediment samples metadata: an example from the LTER-Italy marine and freshwater sites
No full textWater and sediment samples (also called specimens) are key observational units in environmental sciences, particularly in marine ecology and geosciences, hydrobiology and limnology. Such samples must be maintained in the medium/long term and require to be easily discoverable through unique identification standards and metadata catalogues which are, at the moment, lacking.
We present here both best practices and technological solutions for representing and sharing sample descriptions, using as an example water and sediment samples from a number of marine and freshwater sites belonging to the Italian Long-Term Ecological Research network (LTER-Italy). In LTER-Italy, observations are stored and shared following ISO 19156:2011 (O&M). We propose to enhance this practice by introducing the use of the physical samples metadata model identifying with International Geo Sample Number (IGSN) proposed by CSIRO.
Information available for each physical sample includes, among the others, the sample name, type, the sampling location and method, and the indication of the sub-samples collected, with the relative sampling methodologies. Moreover, when the samples are analysed, for each of them a list of other information becomes available together with environmental variables data, including measures obtained directly in the field.
We present here a proposal that provides a way for describing, archiving, visualising and sharing samples and allows connecting the different related entities, such as sampling methods, persons, instruments, and observations representations. A hyperlinking approach is tested as a valuable solution to manage all the information, giving the possibility to move among them, learning more about the data life cycle. Applying this approach makes it possible to refer each entity to the other, describing not only the relationships between them but also those among the different sub-entities generated from the same samples (e.g. from the sediment core to the slide with recognized foraminifera or from the water sample to the phytoplankton sample)
Treelet decomposition of mobile phone data for deriving city usage and mobility pattern in the Milan urban region
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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