1,720,960 research outputs found
Recording real conversations for language learning and analysis
Get PDFSufficient exposure to everyday conversation is crucial for language learners to become fluent; however, such exposure can be difficult for learners in small language communities with few active speakers. For the Tlingit (Alaska/Canada) language community we are producing videos of spontaneous conversations with time-aligned bilingual texts with the aim that these recordings fill some of the learners’ needs for exposure to real language. Today Tlingit has approximately 200 birth speakers. The mortality rate over the past two years is 13%. This project serves as a case study in small language documentation, conservation, and revitalization. In this session we describe the collaborative processes by which we video spontaneous conversations, create time-aligned bilingual annotations, and produce accessible language learning materials. We discuss how this collaboration creates new opportunities for language use and for weaving the generations together in language transfer. The core team for our NSF-funded project includes university administrators, professors, researchers, and students. We collaborate with local and regional school district administrators, teachers and students, with tribal administrations and with individual language community members. Since Tlingit ancestral territory includes both US and Canadian lands, our project includes Tlingit speakers and learners on both sides of the border. Working with people: We discuss adapting the project design to meet the needs of students and speakers, finding fluent speakers willing to record, and making the recordings. We describe transcription/translation sessions between fluent speakers and learners. These sessions, focused on specific items of language, give the learner and speaker opportunities to transfer language directly from one person to another. With the goal of doing their work IN the target language, the pair develops a Tlingit phrase repertoire to use during their work. Language learning takes place during recording sessions, translation/transcription sessions, and with the language community use of the end-products of the recordings. Working with technology: We describe workflow; capturing conversations on DVcam formatted video-recordings, computer processing in iMovie, reformatting as .mov and .wav., ELAN and PRAAT as aids for bilingual annotation and acoustic phonetic or morpho-syntactic analyses, production of interlinear texts and subtitled QuickTime videos for language learning, making materials available on the Web, and archiving. We discuss challenges and solutions in tracking the media as it migrates from one format to another and one person to another as well as the challenges of training dispersed team members in the many details of several software programs
CoLang: Disciplinary Change and the Pop-up University
No full textThis talk introduces the InField/CoLang Institute model of collaborative language documentation training as an example of cross-disciplinary academia. We will give a brief history and sketch of the model, then focus on the evolution of the Institute. At CoLang, language workers of every sort; academic, political, educational, and artistic, study together to develop their capabilities and professional networks. At CoLang 2016, we saw evidence of three important trends. Community-academic balance: Everyone has equal status at CoLang where the lines between “students” and “instructors” are blurred. Both have equally valuable knowledge and experience. Many CoLang “students” have achieved Master and PhD degrees in linguistics and other closely related fields since the first institute in 2008. We observe that community activists can acquire academic rank and, while achieving academic status is arduous, academicians cannot as easily acquire status in language communities. Many community activists without academic degrees have become instructors at CoLang. We encourage future CoLang organizers to continue blurring the lines by housing students and instructors together, empowering discussion over lecture style classes when possible, and recognizing who actually has what sorts of knowledge. Balance in linguistic applications: Prestigious degrees or experience are often needed to establish funded endangered language documentation programs. Documentation as an application of linguistics is often admininistratively separated from educationally oriented "Applied Linguistics." CoLang's Pop-up U shows us a program model that briefly erases this separation, creating an intellectual space in which language education and documentation don't have to compete. Encouragement of creativity: The artistic side of language work was clearly evident at CoLang 2016. Using Alaskan languages in translations of Shakespeare is an example, presented in a Models talk. We also saw digital materials created by language workers to share their learning of endangered languages. A number of presentations at CoLang's magically beautiful "sharing nights" brought such creations to life. Two such presentations were Fish’s “Pronunciation Guide for Blackfoot Melody,” and Zwetkof’s “Vocal production, speech sounds, and sound art.” Here we see materials that are not classical classroom resources, but inventive ways to share linguistic knowledge. This kind of work teaches, but it does not always fit into an academic category. As CoLang moves into its next iteration, we encourage the organizers to continue to reach out across community, discipline-internal and cross-disciplinary boundaries. We can't wait to see what they will accomplish
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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