1,720,973 research outputs found
Obstacles, Controversies and Prospects Surrounding Child Abuse Management in Addis Ababa
Full text linkCorporal punishment by parents or guardians, family members and relatives is an accepted cultural practice in Ethiopia. Aside from parents and other family members, many children are also abused (physically and sexually) by other persons who by chance meet them. At the same time, there are undergoing activities related to child abuse management by concerned institutions. Coordinated child abuse management involves various professionals and institutions. This paper examines the situation of child abuse and its management in Addis Ababa focusing on challenges and controversies revolving around this social problem. It assess pertinent issues involved in child abuse management on the basis of the information obtained from case studies of abused children and abusers, agents of the criminal justice system (the police, lawyers, the judges), medical professionals, social workers, sociologists, psychologists and etc. The child abuse issue in Addis Ababa appears mainly linked to general conditions of poverty. Further, the main problem in child abuse management seems to be the absence of coordination among various agents, and lack of adequate resources and institutional facilities in place
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Rural Youth Transitions to Farming in Ethiopia: Processes and Challenges
Full text linkThere exists a significant body of literature documenting the unfavourable attitudes many young people hold towards a future in agriculture. In addition to their unfavourable attitudes to farming, rural youth encounter a number of insurmountable challenges on the road to becoming a farmer even when they are willing to be one. Drawing from two different qualitative studies of rural youth in three farming communities in Ethiopia, this paper explores the processes through which rural youth transit to farmerhood and the challenges and opportunities they come across in the process. We argue that being educated not only reduces the desirability of a future in farming for rural youth but also considerably complicates late entry into farming. Gender is also an important factor in that the choice of becoming a farmer is not the same for young women and men. Not only that, women and men take different routes to becoming farmers and live out different lives as farmers. We conclude that education and the predominance of the urban, non-agrarian way of life in the imagined futures of rural youth, as well as the many obstacles most rural youth face on the way to becoming a farmer, are making the transition into adulthood and farming a lengthy and complicated process. However, at the same time, young people are not in a passive state of waithood as is often argued in much of the existing literature. Instead, they try to make the best of a bad situation by entering into farming in circumstances they perceive as far from ideal while still maintaining their hopes of achieving their long-term aspirations
Gender and farming in Ethiopia: an exploration of discourses and implications for policy and research
Full text linkNo Abstrac
Gender and farming in Ethiopia: an exploration of discourses and implications for policy and research
No full textThere is a growing realization that gender matters in African agriculture. However, much of the present scholarly and policy debate concerning gender and farming is rather lacking when it comes to nuanced and contextualized analyses. The positioning of men and women in relation to farming, the spaces they are and are not allowed to occupy, the embodied nature of farming activities, and their implications to gender equality and agricultural policies have not been adequately reflected upon. This paper discusses these issues in the context of small scale plow farming in Ethiopia. We discuss the symbolic construction of ‘the farmer’ as an essentially masculine subject and reflect on the reasons behind its persistence. We argue that the practical importance of the plow and its placement in the exclusive domain of men have resulted in the construction of a particularly male centric notion of who the farmer is and what he does. Although it has for long been argued that men have certain physical advantages that explain this male centric nature of plow farming, we suggest that notions of embodiment have better explanatory power since there appear to be important differences in the way men’s and women’s bodies are perceived in relation to farming implements and activities, on the basis of which narratives of what they can and cannot do are constructed
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