1,720,961 research outputs found
Post Pandemic Living: Exploring Applicable Design Approaches for Post Pandemic Residence in the Dense Context of Lahore, Pakistan
No full textThe COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the immense need for restorative, adaptable and flexible architectural designs, for urban low-rise apartment buildings in particular. In densely populated areas like Lahore, Pakistan, where quick urbanization has led to overcrowding and poorly planned residential developments, the constraints of traditional architectural practices have become more pronounced. This research investigates how low-rise apartment buildings in Bahria Town, Lahore can develop to meet the new normal intensified by the post-pandemic digital age, where remote work and learning have become integral parts of daily life. Concentrating on vital design elements such as flexibility, adaptability, connectivity with nature, approach to natural light, and ventilation, this study explores the junction of architecture and human wellbeing. The study finds significant concerns in low-rise apartment buildings which are critical for residents' psychological and physical health. These issues are intensified by the lack of design flexibility, which hinders the competence of these spaces to adapt to modern modes of living, such as working from home and remote learning. The study further analyses the present practices in Lahore's low-rise apartment buildings, specifically in the suburban areas, accentuating the requirement for design approaches that prioritize sustainability, cultural significance, and environmental sensitivity. Through a multi-disciplinary approach which comprises of a wide-ranging literature review, precedent studies, and interviews with architects and residents, this research analyses the developing role of architecture in tackling the health and well-being of citizens. It draws on and explores international architectural theories related to flexibility and adaptability that may be applicable to better the post pandemic residential situation in the dense and unique socio-cultural context of Lahore, Pakistan. Ultimately, this study seeks to challenge the status quo of low-rise apartment design in Lahore, offering insights and practical recommendations for creating more flexible, adaptable, and restorative living environments. By addressing the architectural shortcomings brought to light by the pandemic. v KEYWORDS: Low-rise apartments, post pandemic, work from home, digital age, green spaces, environmental psychology, flexibility, adaptabilityCOVID-19 pandemisi, özellikle kentsel düşük katlı apartman binalarında uyumlu ve esnek mimari tasarımların kritik önemini vurgulamıştır. Hızlı kentleşmenin aşırı kalabalık ve kötü planlanmış konut gelişmelerine yol açtığı Pakistan'ın yoğun nüfuslu şehirlerinden biri olan Lahor'da, geleneksel mimari uygulamaların sınırlamaları daha belirgin hale gelmiştir. Bu araştırma, pandemi sonrası dijital çağın getirdiği 'yeni normal'e ayak uydurmak amacıyla bu yaşam alanlarının nasıl evrilebileceğini inceliyor. Uzaktan çalışma ve öğrenmenin günlük yaşamın ayrılmaz bir parçası haline geldiği bu dönemde, esneklik, doğayla bağlantı, doğal ışık erişimi ve havalandırma gibi kritik tasarım unsurlarına odaklanılmaktadır. Bu çalışma, mimarlık ile insan refahı arasındaki kesişimi ele alıyor. Araştırma, sakinlerin psikolojik ve fiziksel sağlığı için gerekli olan önemli sorunları düşük katlı apartman binalarında tespit etmektedir. Bu sorunlar, pandemi nedeniyle artan evden çalışma ve uzaktan eğitim gibi yeni yaşam biçimlerine uyum sağlama kapasitesini engelleyen tasarım esnekliğinin olmamasıyla daha da şiddetlenmektedir. Araştırma ayrıca Lahor'daki düşük katlı apartman gelişmelerinde mevcut uygulamaları eleştiriyor ve sürdürülebilirliği, kültürel uygunluğu ve çevresel duyarlılığı önceliklendiren tasarım stratejilerine duyulan ihtiyacı vurguluyor. Geniş bir literatür taraması, vaka incelemeleri ve mimarlar ve sakinlerle yapılan görüşmeleri içeren çok disiplinli bir yaklaşımla bu çalışma, kentsel yerleşim sakinlerinin sağlık ve refahını ele almada mimarinin değişen rolünü araştırıyor. Esneklik ve uyarlanabilirlik ile ilgili uluslararası mimari teorileri inceleyerek, bunların Lahor, Pakistan'ın yoğun ve benzersiz sosyo-kültürel bağlamında pandemi sonrası konut durumunu iyileştirmek için uygulanabilir olup olmadığını araştırıyor. Nihayetinde bu çalışma, Lahor'daki düşük katlı apartman tasarımının mevcut durumunu sorgulamakta ve daha esnek, uyarlanabilir ve sürdürülebilir yaşam alanları yaratmaya yönelik içgörüler ve pratik öneriler sunmaktadır. Pandeminin ortaya çıkardığı mimari eksiklikleri ele alarak bunu yapmayı hedeflemektedir. vii ANAHTAR KELİMELER: Düşük katlı apartmanlar, pandemi sonrası, evden çalışma, dijital çağ, yeşil alanlar, çevresel psikoloji, esneklik, uyarlanabilirli
Revitalizing Old Belgrade Through Macro Scale Green Corridors: A Green Infrastructure Approach
No full textBu çalışma, Sırbistan'ın başkenti Belgrad'ın metropoliten yeşil yapısını, özellikle yeşil altyapının stratejik bir bileşeni olarak makro ölçekli yeşil koridorların işlevine odaklanarak, tarihi kentsel çekirdeği olan Eski Belgrad'ın canlandırılması bağlamında incelemektedir. İklim değişikliği, kentsel parçalanma, düşük ekolojik bağlantı ve kamusal yeşil alan eksikliği gibi artan sorunlar, modern şehirlerin daha sürdürülebilir, sağlıklı ve dirençli kentsel bağlamlar geliştirmek için yeşil altyapı planlaması gibi stratejilere ihtiyaç duymasına neden olmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, özellikle makro ölçekli yeşil koridorlar (kentsel alanlardan geçen büyük, kesintisiz ve birbirine bağlı açık ve bitkilendirilmiş alan ağları), ekolojik uyumu teşvik etmek, insan refahını artırmak ve şehrin hızlı kentsel genişleme ve otomobil odaklı gelişim sonucunda kaybolan mekânsal mantığını yeniden kurmak için son derece etkili araçlar olarak sunulmaktadır. Başkent Belgrad, özellikle de tarihî merkezi, böyle bir müdahale için açık bir örnektir. Eski Belgrad, en büyük ve en değerli kültürel ve tarihî miras rezervlerine ve en önemli yeşil alanlara en büyüğü Kalemegdan Parkı ve Topčider olmak üzere sahip önemli bir kültürel ve tarihî bölgedir. Ne yazık ki bu alanlar birbirinden kopuktur; altyapı, yoğun trafik yolları ve plansız kentsel büyüme ile kesilmiştir. Bu alanların çevresel, rekreasyonel ve sosyal potansiyelleri, ekolojik ya da yaya sürekliliği sağlanamadığı için nihayetinde zayıflamaktadır. Bu araştırma, makro ölçekli yeşil koridorların, bu alanları birbirine bağlayarak anlamlı bir ekolojik ve kültürel peyzaj oluşturmak suretiyle böyle bir canlandırmanın itici gücü olabileceğini öne sürmektedir. Anlatı temelli bir literatür taraması yaklaşımı temelinde, bu çalışma, Madrid Río (İspanya), New York'taki High Line (ABD), Paris'teki Promenade Plantée (Fransa), Ruhr bölgesindeki Emscher Peyzaj Parkı (Almanya), Seul'ün Yeşil Kuşağı (Güney Kore), Singapur Park Bağlantı Ağı ve São Paulo Metropolitan Yeşil Kuşağı (Brezilya) gibi yedi uluslararası makro ölçekli yeşil koridor örneğini analiz etmektedir. Bahsi geçen projeler, coğrafi, sosyoekonomik ve planlama bağlamlarının çeşitliliği ve kent yenilemesini teşvik etme, biyolojik çeşitliliği artırma, aktif hareketliliği teşvik etme ve atıl alanların yeniden kullanımı konularındaki kanıtlanmış başarılarına göre seçilmiştir. Karşılaştırmalı analiz yoluyla, araştırma bu projelerin temel planlama fikirlerini, tasarım stratejilerini ve yönetişim biçimlerini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu bulgular daha sonra Eski Belgrad'ın kentsel morfolojisi, yeşil altyapı eksiklikleri ve kültürel peyzajı bağlamında değerlendirilmiştir. Bu durum, kentsel, mimari ve doğal alanları birbirine bağlayan, ekolojik işlevi kamusal alanın iyileştirilmesi, kültürel mirasın korunması ve uzun vadeli kentsel dayanıklılığın artırılması ile uyumlu hale getiren makro ölçekli yeşil koridorların gerçekleştirilmesine yönelik kavramsal bir çerçeve ve mekânsal stratejiye katkı sağlar. Son olarak, tez, yeşil altyapı ve sürdürülebilir kentsel gelişim literatürüne katkı sunmakta, küresel düzeyde yönlendirilen ancak yerel düzlemde kök salan yeşil koridor stratejilerinin, Belgrad gibi tarihsel olarak karmaşık şehirlerde daha sağlıklı, daha bağlantılı ve daha kapsayıcı (kentsel) gelecekleri yeniden hayal etmede nasıl etkili olabileceğini vurgulamaktadır. ANAHTAR KELİMELER: Yeşil Koridorlar, Ekolojik Bağlantı, Kentsel Canlandırma ve Yeşil AltyapıThis study explores the metropolitan green structure of Serbia's capital, Belgrade in the context of the revitalization of the Old Belgrade, its historical urban core, with particular focus on the function of the macro-scale green corridors as a strategic component of green infrastructure. Growing challenges such as climate change, urban fragmentation, low ecological connectivity, and lack of public green space, are making modern cities in need of strategies like green infrastructure planning for developing more sustainable, healthy and resilient urban contexts. Within these terms, macro-scale green corridors (large, continuous and interconnected networks of open and vegetated areas that cut through urban areas), in particular, have been presented as highly effective tools to stimulate ecological harmony, human welfare and the reestablishment of the spatial logic of the city which has been lost as a result of its rapid urban expansion and of car-oriented development. The capital of Belgrade, especially its historical center, is an obvious case for such an action. The Old Belgrade is an important cultural and historical region, with the largest and most valuable reserves of cultural and historical heritage and the most significant green surface the largest being the Kalemegdan Park and Topčider. Unfortunately, these spaces are disconnected from each other, cut off by infrastructure, congested traffic routes, and unplanned urban growth. Their combined environmental, recreational and social potential is ultimately undermined through failure to achieve that either ecological or pedestrian continuity. This research proposes that macro-scale green corridors can act as the driver of such a rejuvenation, by linking them with one another in a consequential ecological and cultural landscape. Based on a narrative literature review approach, the paper draws upon an analysis of more than seven international cases of macroscopic green corridors, such as the Madrid Río (Spain), the High Line in New York (USA), the Promenade Plantée in Paris (France), the Emscher Landscape Park in the Ruhr area (Germany), the Seoul's Greenbelt (South Korea), Singapore's Park Connector Network and the Metropolitan Green Belt São Paulo, Brazil. The projects in question were chosen on the basis of their rich variety of geographical, socioeconomic and planning contexts as well as according to their proved effectiveness in promoting urban regeneration, biodiversity enhancement, active mobility and regeneration of wastelands. Through comparative analysis, the research discovers the principal planning ideas, design strategies, and governance forms underlining the projects. These results are further placed into the context of Old Belgrade's urban morphology, green infrastructure deficiency and the cultural landscape. This instance contributes to a conceptual framework and spatial strategy for the realization of macro-scale green corridors in Old Belgrade which would connect both the urban, architectural and the natural and align ecological function with public space improvement, preservation of cultural heritage and increase in urban resilience in the long run. Finally, the thesis adds to the literature on green infrastructure and sustainable urbanism, highlighting how globally driven, locally anchored green corridor strategies can become instrumental in re-imagining healthier, more connected, and more inclusive (urban) futures in historically intricate cities of the likes of Belgrade. KEYWORDS: Green Corridors, Ecological Connectivity, Urban Revitalization and Green Infrastructur
Moderniteler’in yayılması: Şahbanu Farah Pahlavi’nin himayesinde sanat ve mimarlık.
No full textThis dissertation focuses on the last decade of the Pahlavi era to understand the role of royal Pahlavi women in the shaping of Iranian "modernity" within the broader context of architecture. Exploring various relations between gender, power, art and architectural practice, this study is an attempt to assess the authoritarian modernization under the royal patronage of Shahbanu Farah Pahlavi and the influential role she maintained in popularization of modern Iranian culture. The last decade of the Pahlavi era marks a crucial turning point in the enforcement of reforms aiming at the deep transformation in the Iranian cultural modernity. While many efforts were made to rebuild a nation, the shahbanu was the initial driving force behind the comprehensive reform program in the fields of art and architecture. Endowed with the role of regent, the shahbanu shaped much of the cultural agenda of the Pahlavi era during the last decade of the Iranian monarchy. Patronizing numerous social, cultural and educational organizations, she enacted Pahlavis' modernization ideologies by constructing and renovating buildings, establishing art centers, institutionalizing museums, and organizing national and international symposiums and conferences in various fields of arts and architecture. For Shahbanu Farah, culture was an appropriate instrument to legitimize politics.Ph.D. - Doctoral Progra
Mimarlığın yeniden üretiminde araç olarak sergiler "modern mimarlık: uluslararası sergisi"
No full textThis thesis studies the influential role of architectural exhibitions in shaping and directing architectural discourses. The study accepts architectural exhibitions and associated publications as the أcritical actؤ of architecture, in which (the work of) architecture is interpreted, reproduced and publicized. The main focus of this thesis is أModern Architecture: International Exhibition,ؤ held in 1932 at the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA). This particular exhibition is a significant historical event, which officially announced architecture of the early 20th century as أInternational Style.ؤ The thesis underlines the role of the 1932 exhibition and MoMA as an architectural media in reproducing the works of architecture and reformulating the agenda of 20th century modern architecture especially in U.S.A.M.Arch. - Master of Architectur
UNHIDING THE HIDDEN PORTRAIT OF PAHLAVI WOMEN BUILDERS IN SKETCHING THE IRANIAN MODERNITY: A REASSESSMENT OF THE CONGRESS OF WOMEN ARCHITECTS (1)
No full textThroughout the Pahlavi era, the paradigm shift that took place in both the manifestation of high-culture and of state-feminism was not coincidental. They were both integral to the same ideological agenda: that of modernity itself. Both provided a concrete form of emerging political ideas under the two Pahlavi monarchs, Reza Shah and his successor Mohammad Reza Shah. And, both were instruments in promoting the state posture and acted in the service of the government. While both enjoyed imperial patronage, the features they jointly characterized were embodied in the shahbanu of Iran, Farah Pahlavi and her entourage, a group of well-educated women, in artistic and architectural arena. The shahbanu's power was exemplified by her part in a highly legal event of coronation ceremony at which she was not only announced as the first officially crowned queen in the Iranian history, but also as an ultimate model of emancipated woman vested with legal authority in all affairs of the state. Studied architecture, as a queen regent, the shahbanu was in the position to implement the state's cultural agenda during the last decade of the Iranian Monarchy. Patronizing various national and international architectural events, the idea for a congress devoted to female architects is accepted as a remarkable act, affirming gender equality and women representation in constructing modern Iran and its architecture. A decade preceding the Islamic Revolution, accordingly, can be defined by the epitomization of high-culture and feminism as the ultimate signifiers of a utopian modernity, wherein women builders came to play their substantial role, albeit superficially, through the fully crystalized apparatus of culture; this made the relationship between politics and its architectural expression an imperative one
Pahlavi Modernleşmesinde Yaratıcı Kadınların Gizli Kalmış Portreleri: Kadın Mimarlar Kongresinin Yeniden Değerlendirilmesi
Get PDFThroughout the Pahlavi era, the paradigm shift that took place in both the manifestation of high-culture and of state-feminism was not coincidental. They were both integral to the same ideological agenda: that of modernity itself. Both provided a concrete form of emerging political ideas under the two Pahlavi monarchs, Reza Shah and his successor Mohammad Reza Shah. And, both were instruments in promoting the state posture and acted in the service of the government. While both enjoyed imperial patronage, the features they jointly characterized were embodied in the shahbanu of Iran, Farah Pahlavi and her entourage, a group of well-educated women, in artistic and architectural arena. The shahbanu’s power was exemplified by her part in a highly legal event of coronation ceremony at which she was not only announced as the first officially crowned queen in the Iranian history, but also as an ultimate model of emancipated woman vested with legal authority in all affairs of the state. Studied architecture, as a queen regent, the shahbanu was in the position to implement the state’s cultural agenda during the last decade of the Iranian Monarchy. Patronizing various national and international architectural events, the idea for a congress devoted to female architects is accepted as a remarkable act, affirming gender equality and women representation in constructing modern Iran and its architecture. A decade preceding the Islamic Revolution, accordingly, can be defined by the epitomization of high-culture and feminism as the ultimate signifiers of a utopian modernity, wherein women builders came to play their substantial role, albeit superficially, through the fully crystalized apparatus of culture; this made the relationship between politics and its architectural expression an imperative one.Pahlavi döneminde, hem yüksek kültürün hem de devlet feminizminin tezahüründe meydana gelen yaklaşım değişimi rastlantısal değildi. İkisi de aynı ideolojik gündemin ayrılmaz birer parçasıydı: modernitenin gündemi. Her ikisi de iki Pahlavi hükümdarı Reza Şah ve halefisi Muhammed Reza Şah’ın siyasi düşünce yapılarının somut birer parçasıydı. Her ikisi de emperyal gücü ellerinde bulundursalar da, ikisinin ortak özelliği, Şahbanu Farah Pahlavi ve onun çevresindeki modern İran kadın sanatçı ve mimarlarında saklıydı. Şahbanu’nun gücü, yalnızca İran tarihinde resmi olarak ilk taçlandırılan kraliçe olmasından degil, aynı zamanda devletin tüm işlerinde yasal otorite olarak tanınan nihai bir kadın modeli rolünü üstlenmesinden kaynaklanıyordu. Mimarlık eğitimi alan ve tahta geçme hakkını kazanan şahbanu, İran Monarşisinin son on yılında devletin kültürel gündemini oluşturacak konumdaydı. Çeşitli ulusal ve uluslararası etkinliklere hamilik eden şahbanu’nun salt kadın mimarlara yönelik düzenlediği kongre, hükümetin toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliğini destekleyen, modern İran ve mimarisini inşa etmede kadınların temsilini meşrulaştıran bir girişim olarak görülebilir. Kısacası, devrim öncesi dönemde, yüksekkültür ve feminizm, ütopyacı bir modernitenin nihai belirleyici unsurları arasında tanımlanırken, kadın sanatçı ve mimarlar da devletin ideolojik işeleyişini tasarlayan ve uygulayan özneler olarak onlara önceden tanımlanmış rolleri üstlenmeye başladılar; bu politika ve onun mimari ifadesi arasındaki ilişkiyi kaçınılmaz kıldı.Publisher's Versio
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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