1,720,962 research outputs found
The Hydrothermal Carbonization Process for Waste Valorisation: a Study on the Effect of Process Conditions on the Yield and Properties of Hydrochars from Municipal Solid Waste
No full textHydrothermal carbonization (HTC) has received considerable attention in recent years for its potential to process
heterogeneous organic wastes with high moisture contents. Unlike other thermochemical processes, HTC does not require drying of the feedstock as a pre-treatment. Performed in aqueous conditions at moderate temperatures under autogenous pressure, HTC produces a carbon rich solid phase, referred to as hydrochar,
which can be directly used as a solid fuel, or it can be better exploited for new applications. In the present work the potential valorization by HTC of a waste stream from mechanical biological treatment of mixed municipal solid waste, namely the under-sieve fraction from the mechanical treatment stage, was explored. This stream does not have any potential for material recovery, and it is usually landfilled after aerobic biostabilization.
HTC tests were carried out in a laboratory-scale reactor. The joint effect of different process parameters on the yield and physicochemical properties of the hydrochar produced was investigated. The design of experiments (DoE) / response surface methodology (RSM) approach was used for the analysis of the influence of temperature, time and solid load on the mass yield and properties of hydrochar. Quantitative relationships between responses and process parameters were determined. The results obtained demonstrated the feasibility of HTC for mixed municipal solid waste, suggesting HTC as a promising alternative treatment path to current waste management
Extracting and mapping industry 4.0 technologies using wikipedia
No full textThe explosion of the interest in the industry 4.0 generated a hype on both academia and business: the former is attracted for the opportunities given by the emergence of such a new field, the latter is pulled by incentives and national investment plans. The Industry 4.0 technological field is not new but it is highly heterogeneous (actually it is the aggregation point of more than 30 different fields of the technology). For this reason, many stakeholders feel uncomfortable since they do not master the whole set of technologies, they manifested a lack of knowledge and problems of communication with other domains. Actually such problem is twofold, on one side a common vocabulary that helps domain experts to have a mutual understanding is missing Riel et al. [1], on the other side, an overall standardization effort would be beneficial to integrate existing terminologies in a reference architecture for the Industry 4.0 paradigm Smit et al. [2]. One of the basics for solving this issue is the creation of shared semantic for industry 4.0. The paper has an intermediate goal and focuses on the development of an enriched dictionary of Industry 4.0 enabling technologies, with definitions and links between them in order to help the user in actively surfing the new domains by starting from known elements to reach the most far away from his/her background and knowledge
La certificazione ISO 14001 e il miglioramento continuo delle performance ambientali - Il caso Continental Automotive Italy S.p.A.
No full textL’elaborato, partendo dalla crescita della sensibilità verso l’ambiente dei primi anni sessanta del Novecento, si sviluppa analizzando l’introduzione dei primi strumenti command & control e degli strumenti economico-fiscali volti a mitigare gli effetti dell’inquinamento. L’analisi si completa sviscerando le caratteristiche dei principali sistemi di gestione ambientale riconosciuti a livello internazionale ossia lo standard ISO 14001 e il Regolamento EMAS. Le prescrizioni fissate dalla norma ISO 14001:2004 vengono descritte attraverso l’esame del caso della Continental Automotive Italy S.p.A. di Pisa. Dopo aver introdotto l’azienda e la sua attività; nello sviscerare il sistema di gestione ambientale adottato dall’organizzazione, si analizzano le principali procedure che ne definiscono il funzionamento. Infine si rivolge l’attenzione all’orientamento verso il miglioramento continuo su cui si fonda la gestione degli aspetti ambientali e sulle azioni di miglioramento poste in essere dall’organizzazione
Superare la “Valle della Morte” – Framework, Approcci e Strumenti per prevenire i fallimenti delle startup
No full text-ITALIANO-
Le difficoltà generate dalla crisi economica hanno aumentato l'interesse di policy maker e studiosi riguardo il contributo che l'imprenditorialità può fornire in termini di crescita economica e creazione di posti di lavoro. A tale riguardo, sono state intraprese numerose iniziative per fornire agli aspiranti imprenditori le competenze e le conoscenze necessarie per gestire la creazione di nuove imprese e consentire loro di affermarsi sul mercato. Tuttavia, la maggior parte delle nuove aziende fallisce nei primi anni di attività e spreca la possibilità di creare valore per l'intera società. Da un lato, l'educazione all'imprenditorialità sembra fallire nel crescere nuovi imprenditori, dall'altro gli strumenti più utilizzati per sviluppare nuove idee imprenditoriali hanno difficoltà a passare da una fase di progettazione aziendale a quella di implementazione. Il presente lavoro si propone di affrontare i fallimenti delle startup e di identificare framework, approcci e strumenti innovativi che aiutino le nuove aziende ad avere successo sul mercato.
Per raggiungere tale obiettivo è stato adottato un duplice approccio, da un lato l'ambiente aziendale è stato studiato per comprendere come l'intero ecosistema imprenditoriale possa supportare le nuove imprese a sviluppare modelli di business coerenti e ad affrontare il dinamismo del mercato. D'altra parte sono state analizzate le fasi di sviluppo delle nuove imprese al fine di identificare le carenze nei programmi di formazione imprenditoriale e sviluppare approcci e strumenti innovativi e complementari volti a prevenire i fallimenti e a consentire alle nuove imprese di superare la "Valle della morte".
-INGLESE-
The difficulties generated by the economic crisis have increased the interest of policy makers and research community on the contribution that entrepreneurship can provide in terms of economic growth and job creation. To this regard, a huge number of initiatives have been undertaken to provide aspiring entrepreneurs with the skills and knowledge that are necessary to deal with the creation of new companies and to allow them to succeed on the market. However, most new companies fail in the first years of activities and waste the possibility to create value for the whole society. On one side entrepreneurship education seems to fail in nurturing new entrepreneurs, on the other hand the most used tools for developing new business ideas struggle in passing from a business design phase to the implementation one. The present work aims at addressing the startup failures and at identifying innovative frameworks, approaches and tools that help new companies to succeed on the market.
To achieve such an objective a twofold approach has been adopted, on one hand the business environment has been investigated to understand how the whole entrepreneurship ecosystem can support new businesses to develop consistent business models and to deal with the market dynamism. On the other hand the development stages of new business were analyzed to identify the shortcomings of entrepreneurship education frameworks and to develop innovative and complementary approaches and tools aiming to prevent startup failure and to allow new businesses to overcome the “Valley of Death”
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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