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The Book of Tengu: Goblins, Devils, and Buddhas in Medieval Japan
No full textCet article s'organise autour d'une lecture d'un rouleau peint médiéval intitulé Tengu zōshi (Le livre des Tengu) daté de 1296. Après avoir rappelé l'histoire complexe de la composition de ce rouleau, des relations qu'il entretient avec un autre rouleau peint portant le titre de Zegaibō emaki (Rouleau peint du moine Zegai), ainsi qu'avec divers autres fragments et versions du récit, l'article propose une analyse du contenu et de l 'arrière-plan culturel ayant présidé à l'élaboration de l'œuvre. Le rouleau s'inscrit en effet dans le contexte plus général de l'époque médiévale et des affrontements entre les diverses écoles bouddhiques, celles des sept écoles de Nara, du Tendai et du Shingon, réunies sous le vocable de kenmitsu taisei (système dominant des écoles bouddhiques exotériques et ésotériques) et des nouvelles écoles apparues au début de l'époque Kamakura (1192-1333). De même, le rouleau constitue aussi un commentaire sur les relations entre l'empereur et le pouvoir des guerriers, autour, notamment de figures aussi célèbres et controversées que celles des empereurs Go-Shirakawa, Go-Toba et de l 'empereur retiré Sutoku. Le rouleau est une satire des grands établissements monastiques traditionnels comme le Mont Hiei, l'Onjō-ji, le Tō-ji, le Daigo-ji, le Mont Kōya et le Tōdai-ji, dont l 'augmentation du nombre de moines et de fidèles est décrite comme la prolifération d'autant de tengu. Il n'oublie pas non plus les écoles de la Terre Pure et du zen. Le constat négatif engendré par la vision mordante que déploie l'œuvre incite à resituer celle-ci parmi d'autres textes traitant de la question des forces du mal et du démoniaque comme principe. Deux textes servent de point de départ à la réflexion : le Gukanshō (Mes vues sur l'histoire) du supérieur de l'école Tendai Men (1155- 1225) composé en 1220, et le Hirasan kojin reitaku (Les oracles des défunts sur le Mont Hira) du moine Keisei (1189-1268) qui reprend la forme du dialogue avec les tengu. La critique des mœurs des tengu, avec leur faible pour les danseuses appelées shirabyōshi, s'inscrit aussi dans un subtil discours sur les faiblesses de certains empereurs comme Go-Shirakawa. Là où Jien veut tenir à l'écart ces êtres malfaisants, à l'origine de la folie et du désordre, produit des superstitions et des ombres du cœur, Keisei, par leur truchement veut obtenir des leçons oraculaires sur le passé et les convertir. Le Livre des tengu est né des conflits internes au sein des diverses factions du bouddhisme de Kamakura. Il englobe dans sa réprobation les Anciens et les Modernes et, par les leçons qu'il prodigue tant sur le pouvoir religieux que le pouvoir laïc, il fut lu et médité par les empereurs retirés. Mais l'impact et la réception de cette satire swiftienne demeurent encore l'objet de conjectures.Abe Yasurō, Toyosawa Nobuko. The Book of Tengu: Goblins, Devils, and Buddhas in Medieval Japan. In: Cahiers d'Extrême-Asie, vol. 13, 2002. Moines, rois et marginaux. Études sur le bouddhisme médiéval japonais / Buddhist Priests, Kings and Marginals Studies on Medieval Japanese Buddhism pp. 211-226
The Cartography of Epistemology: The Production of "National" Space in Late 19th Century Japan
No full text272 p.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2008.Through careful reading of Shiga's Landscape, this dissertation demonstrates the complex processes of creating a tradition of topographic writings. On the one hand, Shiga's text embodies scientific discourses to explain the beauty of Japanese landscape. At the same time, he makes a link to a well-known traveler and scholar, Kaibara Ekiken (1630-1714), who developed a new mode of writing about space and topography, movement across the landscape, and the relationship of spaces in the present to moments in the past. By separating Ekiken's spatial writings from conventional travel writing, this dissertation traces a genealogy of spatial writings from the seventeenth century to the nineteenth century. Ultimately, it articulates social imagination of national space and time for modern Japan, which was grounded in the aestheticization and naturalization of Japan's geographic beauty.U of I OnlyRestricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETD
Culture under Imperialism : Geibun and the Production of Manchurian Literature
Full text linkThis article argues that sincere efforts by a group of Japanese writers to give cultural expression to ethnic harmony in Manchukuo were unable to overcome the representational limitations of culture within an imperial system. It examines the debates that took place over the essence of Manchurian literature in literary journals and highlights the publication of the comprehensive cultural magazine Geibun as the culmination of efforts of Japanese writers to foster a genuine and distinctive literature for the new "nation" of Manchukuo. Their lively literary production was not restricted to or by official cultural propaganda, but nevertheless it gradually came to align with Japan's imperial priorities after the Asia-Pacific War broke out in 1941.
A desire for literary realism among Japanese expats living in Dairen in the early twentieth century played a critical role in promoting cultural representations of ethnic harmony as the goal for Manchurian literature, and within the changing political landscape of the period, there were Japanese writers who remained committed to developing a genuinely Manchurian literature rooted in its distinct local soil and communal life. Yet, the impossibility of overcoming the structural and historical forces of imperialism was revealed in Geibun's pages. The article's final section demonstrates how imperialism intersected with culture through a textual analysis of a short story published in the journal's final issue, which demonstrates that the cultural production of these writers remained imprisoned by an inability to recognize and represent Japan's imperial dominance of Manchukuo.journal articl
"The Cartography of Epistemology: The Production of ""National"" Space in Late 19th Century Japan"
No full textThrough careful reading of Shiga's Landscape, this dissertation demonstrates the complex processes of creating a tradition of topographic writings. On the one hand, Shiga's text embodies scientific discourses to explain the beauty of Japanese landscape. At the same time, he makes a link to a well-known traveler and scholar, Kaibara Ekiken (1630-1714), who developed a new mode of writing about space and topography, movement across the landscape, and the relationship of spaces in the present to moments in the past. By separating Ekiken's spatial writings from conventional travel writing, this dissertation traces a genealogy of spatial writings from the seventeenth century to the nineteenth century. Ultimately, it articulates social imagination of national space and time for modern Japan, which was grounded in the aestheticization and naturalization of Japan's geographic beauty.Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-28T15:40:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Reason: Restricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDsRestricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDsU of I Only272 p.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2008
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Imaginative mapping : landscape and Japanese identity in the Tokugawa and Meiji eras /
No full text"Through analysis of a growing sense of place and affective relationship between the land and its people, this book examines how the landscape shaped a crucial aspect of Japanese identity from the seventeenth century to the end of the nineteenth century"--Includes bibliographical references and index.Introduction -- Local topography in seventeenth-century Japan -- The "Country of the Deities" -- Mapping the capital -- Transformation of the spirits -- Philosophizing the divine country -- Geography of the divine nation -- Conclusion: Landscape and national history."Through analysis of a growing sense of place and affective relationship between the land and its people, this book examines how the landscape shaped a crucial aspect of Japanese identity from the seventeenth century to the end of the nineteenth century"-
<Introduction>Imperial Residue : Ambiguous Imperialists and Their Cultural Production
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