1,720,969 research outputs found
Chesias plumbeata Staudinger, 1901 (Geometridae Larentiinae Chesiadini) new species for the European fauna discovered on the island of Pantelleria (Italy, Sicily).
Full text linkChesias plumbeata Staudinger, 1901 is recorded for the first time from Europe based on some adults collected in the island of Pantelleria (Strait of Sicily, Italy), near Bagno dell’Acqua lake. The species was previously known from North Africa. Identification was confirmed by using morphological and molecular taxonomic characters. Male genitalia of C. plumbeata are here described for the first time. Biological information and illustrations useful for the moth identification are provided. The finding of this species shows that the inventorying of the lepidoptera fauna of Pantelleria, from where 152 species have so far been recorded, is still far away from completion and needs further efforts
Description of the female of Sattleria sophiae Timossi, 2014 (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)
No full textThe female of Sattleria sophiae Timossi, 2014 is identified on the basis of DNA barcoding, described, illustrated and its habitat is discussed
FIGURE 8 in Description of Sphaleroptera orientana meridionalis subs. n. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Cnephasiini) from the Pale di San Martino Mountain plateau (Dolomites, NE Italy)
Full text linkFIGURE 8. Comparison table of Sphaleroptera orientana female genitalia: A-B. Sphaleroptera orientana orientana from Austria (Whitebread, 2006; modified); C. Sphaleroptera orientana meridionalis sp. nov.Published as part of Timossi, Giovanni & Ruzzier, Enrico, 2023, Description of Sphaleroptera orientana meridionalis subs. n. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Cnephasiini) from the Pale di San Martino Mountain plateau (Dolomites, NE Italy), pp. 1-11 in Zootaxa 5249 (1) on page 8, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5249.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/768520
Negative differential thermal conductance and heat amplification in superconducting hybrid devices
No full text0-π phase-controllable thermal Josephson junction
No full textTwo superconductors coupled by a weak link support an equilibrium Josephson electrical current that depends on the phase difference φ between the superconducting condensates. Yet, when a temperature gradient is imposed across the junction, the Josephson effect manifests itself through a coherent component of the heat current that flows opposite to the thermal gradient for |φ| < π/2 (refs 2-4). The direction of both the Josephson charge and heat currents can be inverted by adding a π shift to φ. In the static electrical case, this effect has been obtained in a few systems, for example via a ferromagnetic coupling or a non-equilibrium distribution in the weak link. These structures opened new possibilities for superconducting quantum logic and ultralow-power superconducting computers. Here, we report the first experimental realization of a thermal Josephson junction whose phase bias can be controlled from 0 to π. This is obtained thanks to a superconducting quantum interferometer that allows full control of the direction of the coherent energy transfer through the junction. This possibility, in conjunction with the completely superconducting nature of our system, provides temperature modulations with an unprecedented amplitude of ∼100 mK and transfer coefficients exceeding 1 K per flux quantum at 25 mK. Then, this quantum structure represents a fundamental step towards the realization of caloritronic logic components such as thermal transistors, switches and memory devices. These elements, combined with heat interferometers and diodes, would complete the thermal conversion of the most important phase-coherent electronic devices and benefit cryogenic microcircuits requiring energy management, such as quantum computing architectures and radiation sensors
Coherent manipulation of thermal transport by tunable electron-photon and electron-phonon interaction
Full text linkWe propose a system where coherent thermal transport between two reservoirs in non-galvanic contact is modulated by independently tuning the electron-photon and the electron-phonon coupling. The scheme is based on two gate-controlled electrodes capacitively coupled through a dc-SQUID (superconducting quantum interference device) as an intermediate phase-tunable resonator. Thereby the electron-photon interaction is modulated by controlling the flux threading the dc-SQUID (superconducting quantum interference device) and the impedance of the two reservoirs, while the electron-phonon coupling is tuned by controlling the charge carrier concentration in the electrodes. To quantitatively evaluate the behavior of the system, we propose to exploit the graphene reservoirs. In this case, the scheme can work at temperatures reaching 1 K, with unprecedented temperature modulations as large as 245 mK, transmittance up to 99%, and energy conversion efficiency up to 50%. Finally, the accuracy of heat transport control allows us to use this system as an experimental tool to determine the electron-phonon coupling in two-dimensional electronic systems
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Continuous positive airway pressure in COVID-19 patients with moderate-to-severe respiratory failure
No full textNoninvasive ventilation (NIV) and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) are recommended for acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure (AHRF) due to cardiogenic pulmonary oedema but no recommendation has been made for viral pandemics. Early after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in Italy, there was an expert consensus in favour of CPAP and NIV as first-line treatments for the associated AHRF. However, few studies used unspecified NIV in a minority of patients without detailed results, while CPAP was the object of two short reports with differing results. Thus, their value in COVID-19 remains to be established. Two weeks after the outbreak of COVID-19 in our region (Liguria, Italy), we systematically started using CPAP in patients with moderate-to-severe AHRF, following an ad hoc algorithm. Herein, we report the results obtained in all consecutive patients admitted during the first 4 weeks after the algorithm implementation. The primary outcome of the study was 4-week survival without invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). The total number of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 pneumonia over the period considered was 258; of these patients, 64 underwent CPAP (age range: 25–86 years), resulting symptomatic for 7 (IQR 3–10) days. 53 (83%) patients recovered with CPAP within 17 days and were dismissed within 28 days. Four patients died under CPAP and seven required IMV. Three of the four patients who died under CPAP and one who died under IMV were among those considered ineligible for resuscitation at triage. At univariate analysis, odds for CPAP failure were male sex, hypertension, diabetes, COPD, having three comorbidities and lung weight. However, at multivariate analysis, only hypertension remained independently associated with CPAP failure (OR 7.33, 95% CI 1.5–34, p=0.012). The important results of our study are that neither PaO2/FIO2 nor lung weight were predictors of CPAP failure. CPAP avoided death or intubation in 36 out of 53 patients with PaO2/FIO2 <150 and/or lung weight >1.5 kg, which are usually considered as indications for IMV in typical ARDS.
CPAP can be successfully used in a number of COVID-19 patients with hypoxaemic respiratory failure and gas exchange and radiological findings similar to those generally considered to be indications for invasive mechanical ventilation
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