1,720,955 research outputs found
Triple Diagnosis of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder with Coexisting Bipolar and Alcohol Use Disorders: Clinical Aspects and Pharmacological Treatments
No full textAttention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Bipolar Disorder (BD) and Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) are common medical conditions often coexisting and exerting mutual influence on disease course and pharmacological treatment response. Each disorder, when considered separately, relies on different therapeutic approaches, making it crucial to detect the plausible association between them. Treating solely the emerging condition (e.g., alcoholism) and disregarding the patient's whole psychopathological ground often leads to treatment failure and relapse. Clinical experience and scientific evidence rather show that tailoring treatments for these three conditions considering their co-occurrence as a sole complex disorder yields more fulfilling and durable clinical outcomes. In light of the above considerations, the purpose of the present review is to critically discuss the pharmacological strategies in the personalized treatment of complex conditions defined by ADHD-bipolarityalcoholism coexistence
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
"Diabete mellito e malattia di Parkinson: suscettibilità β-cellulare alla neurotossina rotenone ed effetti protettivi di metformina e vitamina E".
No full textUn numero crescente di studi ha evidenziato, in particolare negli ultimi anni, una
maggiore prevalenza di diabete di tipo 2 (DM2) in alcune aree rurali, indicazione che
non ci si aspetterebbe, pensando allo stile di vita classicamente più sano. Questo ha
portato a sospettare un coinvolgimento dei pesticidi, verso cui queste popolazioni
sono verosimilmente più esposte, sia in termini temporali che quantitativi, nello
sviluppo del DM2.
Tra questi pesticidi troviamo il rotenone, un inibitore del complesso I della catena
respiratoria mitocondriale, noto anche come neurotossina selettiva per i neuroni
dopaminergici e, pertanto, utilizzato per sviluppare modelli murini di Parkinson.
D’altra parte, sono sempre di più i dati in letteratura a favore di un’associazione tra
Parkinson e diabete, in merito ad aspetti genetici, epidemiologici, clinici, eziologici,
fisiopatologici (in particolare disfunzione mitocondriale e protein misfolding) e
farmacologici. In più, sono molteplici anche le caratteristiche molecolari comuni tra
neuroni dopaminergici e β-cellule, soprattutto riguardo al ruolo della dopamina e alla
sensibilità allo stress ossidativo.
Alla luce di quanto detto, in questa tesi abbiamo in primis studiato le conseguenze
dell’esposizione della linea β-cellulare INS-1, derivata da insulinoma di ratto, alla
neurotossina rotenone.
I risultati ottenuti confermano il nostro sospetto, suggerendo una suscettibilità al
pesticida e rimarcando alcune similitudini con i neuroni dopaminergici.
Le alterazioni morfologiche e funzionali a carico dei mitocondri evidenziate in
microscopia elettronica sembrano essere il principale meccanismo d’azione di questa
tossina, in particolare per lo stress ossidativo che consegue all’inibizione del
complesso I della catena respiratoria mitocondriale.
Infine, abbiamo condotto degli esperimenti volti all’individuazione di sostanze che
potessero essere protettive nei confronti del rotenone, testando alcuni tra i principali
farmaci utilizzati nel trattamento del Parkinson e diabete, e tra i composti noti per le
loro proprietà citoprotettive ed antiossidanti,
Abbiamo così riscontrato che un effetto citoprotettivo contro il rotenone veniva
conferito dalla metformina e dall’ α-tocoferolo (vitamina E
Comparative assessment of psychiatric comorbidity and medication overuse in chronic versus episodic migraine: a naturalistic cross-sectional study
No full textI risultati di questo studio mostrano che, rispetto ai pazienti con emicrania episodica, quelli con emicrania cronica presentano una maggiore prevalenza di disturbi dell’umore, in particolare ciclotimia, oltre a più marcati disregolazione emotiva, sintomi ansiosi e sintomi somatici. Inoltre, i soggetti con emicrania cronica ricorrono più frequentemente all’abuso di farmaci sintomatici.
Una valutazione psichiatrica completa può favorire una gestione terapeutica più adeguata, rendendo fondamentale la collaborazione tra neurologo e psichiatra. Sono necessari ulteriori studi per chiarire il legame tra comorbidità psichiatrica e rischio di overuse di farmaci sintomatici, nonché il ruolo della stessa nella cronicizzazione dell’emicrania e nello sviluppo della MOH (medication overuse headache).
The results of this study have shown that compared with episodic migraineurs, patients affected by chronic migraine exhibit a higher prevalence of mood disorders, particularly cyclothymia. Moreover, individuals with chronic migraine showed greater emotional dysregulation, heightened anxious disorders, and more pronounced somatic symptoms. In addition, CM patients were found to engage more frequently in symptomatic medication overuse than those with episodic migraine. Evaluating psychiatric comorbidity through a comprehensive psychiatric assessment in migraine patients may facilitate more appropriate therapeutic management.
Close collaboration between neurologists and psychiatrists appears essential in the management of this condition. Further research is warranted to elucidate the relationship between psychiatric comorbidity and the risk of medication overuse, as well as to investigate the prevalence of psychiatric disorders within the medication-overuse headache (MOH) subpopulation. Future studies should also aim to clarify the specific role of psychiatric
comorbidity in migraine chronification and in the development of MOH
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
