1,720,956 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
L’incidenza della miopatia del pettorale profondo nel pollo da carne
No full textA research was conducted to determine the incidence of Deep Pectoral Myopathy (DPM) in broiler chickens reared under intensive conditions. The study was carried out in a major Italian processing plant on a total of 128,300 broilers from 164 different flocks during a 6 months period. The evaluation of DPM was performed on P. minor muscles and consisted in a visual assessment of the presence/absence of the myopathy as well as the determination of muscle damage level as being in an “early” (hemorrhagic appearance) or “old” (grey/green discoloration) developing stage. The overall incidence of the myopathy was found to be 0.80% (0.58 and 0.22% in early and old stages, respectively). Moreover, a higher incidence of the myopathy was found in Ross 508 genotype when compared with Cobb 500 (1.20 vs. 0.34%, P<0.01)
Encefalitozoonosi del coniglio, rilievi ispettivi e situazione epidemiologica
No full textEncephalitozoon cuniculi is a microsporidium that multiplies intracellularly in cells of the kidneys and in the central nervous system and is excreted as a spore in the urine. Non purulent interstitial nephritis is the only sign that is found at post-mortem inspection, the spore is infectious and is transmitted horizontally by ingestion of contaminated food or water, or more rarely by inhalation. However, cooked meat is considered to be safe. Post-mortem findings in rabbit slaughterhouses show that prevalence in farms in Emilia Romagna and Veneto is variable from zero to 30 percent, but infection affects many farms (over 90%) and human exposure to E. cuniculi may be common in farming environment and slaughterhouses. Although infections in humans are very rare and affect immunocompromised individuals, tissues and organs with high infectivity should be removed and the wastes disposed to prevent spreading of the very resistant spores, because these are infective not only for rabbits and other rodents, but also for domestic animals and humans. Intensive rearing, poor hygiene, overcrowding, moving animals, and the introduction of (unchecked) animals from outside, are all factors that help spread infection, that can be controlled also by appropriate treatments under veterinary supervision. Ante-mortem inspections of domestic rabbits should include evaluation of results of inspections in previous lots originating from the same farm in order to assure adequate control at post-mortem inspection. Adoption of hygienic measures in the farms and slaughterhouses to reduce the prevalence of the infection should be considere
Encefalitozoonosi (Encephalitozoon cuniculi) in conigli macellati della Romagna e del Veneto: quadri anatomoistopatologici ed ultrastrutturali
No full textDall’esame post-mortem di conigli allevati e macellati in Romagna e Veneto sono emersi quadri infiammatori renali di sospetta origine infettiva. 54 reni, appartenenti a 27 soggetti, mostravano lesioni di nefrite interstiziale acuta multifocale (26), acuta a focolai chiari sparsi (16), sub-acuta (6) e cronica con focolai retratti (6), rispettivamente classificate in 4 stadi (sI, sII, sIII, sIV). Tutti i reni e l’encefalo di 4 conigli con lesioni renali sI, sII, sIII sono stati sottoposti ad indagine istologica.
L’esame microscopico confermava i quadri di nefrite tubulo-interstiziale con dilatazione/degenerazione dei tubuli e vari gradi di fibrosi. Accanto ai focolai, il metodo di Gram ed il blu di toluidina su sezioni semifini evidenziavano spore di microsporidi all’interno di vacuoli intracitoplasmatici.
In particolare, le spore erano visibili in cellule di tubuli della midollare di reni con lesioni sI (1,85% di 54) ed sII (7,4 % di 54), nessuna in reni con lesioni sIII ed sIV. Focolai granulomatosi e di peri-vasculite apparivano in sezioni di SNC, mentre nel tratto bulbo-pontino di un caso si rilevava una vescicola contenente spore.
L’indagine ultrastrutturale evidenziava nei vacuoli Encephalitozoon cuniculi in diversi stadi di sviluppo: meronte, sporonte, sporoblasto (lungo 2 μm con sezioni trasversali del tubo polare) e spore mature elettrondense.
Tali osservazioni indicano la presenza di Encephalitozoon cuniculi in reni con lesioni sI, sII e talvolta in sezioni encefaliche di soggetti con lesioni renali sI/sIII.
E. cuniculi causa l’encefalitozoonosi, importante zoonosi soprattutto in individui immunodepressi e già segnalata anche in conigli da compagnia
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