718 research outputs found
Afzinktunnel 't Groene Hart: Een andere aanpak
No full textBegin 1997 keurde het parlement de Planologische Kernbeslissing HSL-Zuid goed, waarin een 7 km-Iange boortunnel onder het Groene Hart is opgenomen. Het Atelier HSL-Zuid, dat werd opgericht om te kijken waar meer innovatie mogelijk was in het PKB, stelde in "Overstappen" voor om de tunnel te bouwen volgens de afzinkmethode in plaats van de boormethode. Voor het transporteren en afzinken van de tunnelelementen wordt de "Nieuwe Hoogeveensche Vaart" aangelegd die later wordt gehandhaafd. Zo kan veel geld worden bespaard en daarnaast een meerwaarde aan het Groene Hart worden gegeven door de ecologische en recreatieve functie die de vaart gaat vervullen. Deze studie is erop gericht dit idee nader uit te werken voor een 10 km-lange variant, waarbij de kostenoptimalisatie centraal staat. Teneinde de kosten laag te houden, dient de transportvaart enkel met dijken en oevers ondertalud te worden aangebracht zonder technische oplossingen als damwanden, L-muren etc. Op deze manier kan binnen de 75 m brede werkzone een vaartdiepte van 3,6 m worden gerealiseerd. De diepgang van de tunnelelementen tijdens transport moet derhalve gering zijn. Voor het afzinken zijn damwanden nodig, om te kunnen ontgraven tot het gewenste niveau. Door deze steeds te trekken en opnieuw te gebruiken worden de kosten beperkt. De tunnel wordt uitgevoerd als een dubbelsporige buis, ondersteund door kolommen. Van de vele mogelijkheden om de diepgang tijdens transport te beperken (verlagen betonhoeveelheid,verlagen volumiek gewicht beton, verhogen volumiek gewicht water, vergroten ondergedompelde breedte) is de eerstgenoemde het aantrekkelijkst, omdat die geen extra kosten, maar zelfs een besparing met zich meebrengt. De met de ondiepe ligging gepaard gaande kleine belastingen maken het mogelijk zeer licht te dimensioneren. Het resultaat is behalve een kleine diepgang minder materiaalverbruik. Vanwege de grote tunnellengte is het lonend de tunnelelementen industrieel te vervaardigen. De voordelen zijn ondermeer een kortere bouwtijd, effectiever materieel- en materiaalgebruik en minder weerinvloeden. Hierdoor kan tegen relatief lage kosten een hoge betonsterkte (B65) worden bereikt, hetgeen de constructie nog lichter maakt. Van de middelen om de tunnel te beschermen tegen opdrijven (ballastbeton, zand, trekpalen, groutankers) is de laatst genoemde het goedkoopst gebleken, zelfs 50% goedkoper dan de gangbare oplossingen met beton. De geschetste oplossing is 33% goedkoper dan de boortunnel en 40% goedkoper dan alle te vervangen werken. Bijkomende voordelen zijn de verlenging van de tunnel met 3 km en een vaart voor recreatie die ook ecologisch belangrijk zal zijn. De bouwtijd (3 jaar) en het grondgebruik zijn goed inpasbaar in het Ontwerp Trace Besluit HSL-Zuid 1997.Hydraulic EngineeringCivil Engineering and Geoscience
Gender Differences in Risk Aversion and Ambiguity
No full textThis paper demonstrates gender differences in risk aversion and ambiguity aversion. It also contributes to a growing literature relating economic preference parameters to psychological measures by asking whether variations in preference parameters among persons, and in particular across genders, can be accounted for by differences in personality traits and traits of cognition. Women are more risk averse than men. Over an initial range, women require no further compensation for the introduction of ambiguity but men do. At greater levels of ambiguity, women have the same marginal distaste for increased ambiguity as men. Psychological variables account for some of the interpersonal variation in risk aversion. They explain none of the differences in ambiguity.
Gender Differences in Risk Aversion and Ambiguity Aversion
No full textThis paper demonstrates gender differences in risk aversion and ambiguityaversion. It also contributes to a growing literature relating economic preferenceparameters to psychological measures by asking whether variations in preferenceparameters among persons, and in particular across genders, can be accounted forby differences in personality traits and traits of cognition. Women are more riskaverse than men. Over an initial range, women require no further compensationfor the introduction of ambiguity but men do. At greater levels of ambiguity,women have the same marginal distaste for increased ambiguity as men.Psychological variables account for some of the interpersonal variation in riskaversion. They explain none of the differences in ambiguity.education, training and the labour market;
Gender Differences in Risk Aversion and Ambiguity Aversion
No full textThis paper demonstrates gender differences in risk aversion and ambiguity aversion. It also contributes to a growing literature relating economic preference parameters to psychological measures by asking whether variations in preference parameters among persons, and in particular across genders, can be accounted for by differences in personality traits and traits of cognition. Women are more risk averse than men. Over an initial range, women require no further compensation for the introduction of ambiguity but men do. At greater levels of ambiguity, women have the same marginal distaste for increased ambiguity as men. Psychological variables account for some of the interpersonal variation in risk aversion. They explain none of the differences in ambiguity.
Carl Menger’s “Money” and the Current Neoclassical Models of Money
No full textThe paper analyzes three neoclassical models of money with emphasis on the equilibrium concepts employed. It is argued that the neoclassical theories fail to analyze the emergence of the social institution of money. Instead, they focus on the consistency of individual decisions regarding the rational acceptability of intrinsically worthless objects given the social institution of money and the Pareto superiority of the allocations in monetary vis-à-vis barter economies. The equilibrium concepts employed by neoclassical theories are not suitable for the study of the emergence of new electronic payment systems. Instead, a theory of the emergence of social institutions, of institutional change is required: the Mengerian method of institutional analysis.Electronic money, monetary theory, Menger
The Variational Potential of the German Proverb ‘Geld allein macht nicht glücklich’ in Economic Media Discourse
No full textThis article focuses on the functioning of the popular German proverb “Geld allein macht nicht glücklich” (“Money alone does not bring happiness”) in German-language press publications over the last decade. The study aims to determine the communicative-pragmatic potential of this paremia, in both its traditional and modified forms, specifically in economics-related articles. Further objectives include identifying the proverb’s variational capacity, systematizing its modifications, and developing models of variation based on instances found in the research corpus. The study employs a range of methodological approaches, including theoretical analysis, continuous sampling, dictionary definition analysis, component analysis, and situational-contextual analysis. Statistical processing and generalization techniques were also applied to the collected data. The primary research material consists of newspaper articles extracted from prominent German online news sources, such as “Focus”, “Taz”, “Manager magazin”, “Frankfurter Rundschau”, “WELT”, “Berliner Zeitung”, “Yahoo!finanzen”, and “Süddeutsche Zeitung”. The Digital Dictionary of the German Language (DWDS) corpus served as supplementary material. The findings indicate that the proverb predominantly appears in the main body of articles, primarily functioning to attract reader attention and to convey expressive and evaluative meaning. Notably, modified forms of the proverb occur 1.5 times more frequently than its standard dictionary form. Analysis of the corpus identified both variants, which maintain the core meaning, and transforms, which alter the proverb’s meaning partially or completely. Formal modifications include expansion through additional components, reduction of form, grammatical alterations, component substitution, shifts in communicative orientation, and reduction of the negative element. The research culminates in the proposition of models of proverbial variation. The presented variation models offer clarification regarding the specific ways this proverb is realized in economic media discourse and contribute to understanding and predicting its modification potential. The scientific novelty of this study lies in the development of these variation models for a specific paremia and the pioneering examination of the proverb’s usage in both traditional and modified forms in German economic press
Stockholding in Germany
No full textGermany is not a country of stock holders – but this may change. This paper analyses the main trends in stockholding – either directly or indirectly through mutual funds and other managed investment accounts – among German households. We find a significant shift towards riskier portfolios and an increase in stock market and in mutual funds participation in the past decade. We document how stockownership evolves during the life cycle and the relation between stock market participation and wealth, education, and other demographic characteristics. Similar to other countries, we find that stockholding is concentrated among the wealthy households. Unlike to the Anglo-Saxon countries, however, the share of households who do not hold stocks is large even in the richest segment of the German population.
Een waardevolle toekomst is meer dan geld alleen: Integratie van werk, pensioen, zorg en wonen over de levensloop
No full textThemasessie L: Wonen, zorg en pensioe
Search for the rare decays B ---> K l+ l- and B ---> K* l+ l-
No full textWe present results from a search for the flavor-changing neutral current decays B --> Kl(+)l(-) and B --> K*l(+)l(-), where l(+)l(-) is either an e(+)e(-) or mu(+)mu(-) pair. The data sample comprises 22.7 x 10(6) Y (4S) --> BB decays collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II B Factory. We obtain the 90% C. L. upper limits B (B --> Kl(+)l(-)) K*l(+)l(-)) Ke(+/-) mu(-/+) and B --> K* e(+/-) mu(-/+)
- …
