1,720,991 research outputs found
Analysis and Prediction of Museum Visitors’ Behavioral Pattern Types
No full textPersonalization in the “museum visit” scenario is extremely challenging,
especially since in many cases visitors come to the museum for the first time, and it
may be the last time in their life. There is therefore a need to generate an effective
user model quickly without any prior knowledge. Furthermore, the initial definition
of a user model is also challenging since it should be built in a non-intrusive manner.
Understanding visitors’ behavioral patterns may help in initializing their user models
and supporting them better. This chapter reports three stages of analysis of behavior
patterns of museum visitors. The first step assesses, following past ethnographic
research, whether a distinct stereotype of behavior can be identified; the second
shows that visitors’ behavior is not always consistent; the third shows that, in spite
of the inconsistency, prediction of visitor type, is possible
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Efficacy of Mining Social Media Data for Transport Policy and Practice
No full textThe overarching question of whether social media (SM) can produce information of sufficient quality to meet the needs of the transport system planners and operators, policy makers and travellers forms the core of this paper. Three sub themes are investigated, focusing primarily on SM text data and the perspective of transport authorities. A typology of seven primary transport data needs, current data sources and SM sources illustrates advantages of SM data in particular contexts. Following an overview of the text mining process, a review of four main challenges this holds for the transport domain is given. These include issues concerning ontologies, sentiment analysis, location names and measuring accuracy. Finally a review of academic and soft literature has highlighted institutional issues in the use of SM concluding that potential uses of SM information have not yet been explored to their full valu
Examining proactiveness and choice in a location-aware mobile museum guide.
No full textCultural heritage is an area that has recently drawn research attention, especially for exploring ways to harness novel mobile technologies for supporting visitors. The main benefit of these novel technologies is their ability to provide personalized, context-aware information services to their users. However, the use of context-awareness is connected to a fundamental issue of proactiveness – should the system keep the user in control all the time and only respond to user requests, or should the system take initiative and propose its services when needed? Proactiveness of mobile visitors’ guides brings with it a possibility for better service to the user at the cost of taking control out of the user’s hand. The amount of choice given to visitors is another key issue. With the vast amount of information available for each exhibit, adaptation of the amount of information by limiting the number of content items, could be warranted to filter the information according to the visitors needs. However, it is not clear how reducing choice in terms of the number of content items that are presented to the visitor affects visitor behavior and satisfaction.
We examined these issues in a controlled user study conducted with actual museum visitors; comparing usage, behavior patterns, and attitudes of visitors using three versions of a location-aware mobile museum guide
The potential of social media in delivering transport policy goals
No full textInformation flow plays a central role in the development of transport policy, transport planning and the effective operation of the transport system. The recent upsurge in web enabled and pervasive technologies offer the opportunity of a new route for dynamic information flow that captures the views, needs and experiences of the travelling public in a timely and direct fashion through social media text
posts. To date there is little published research, however, on how to realize this opportunity for the sector by capturing and analysing the text data.
This paper provides an overview of the different categories of social media, the characteristics of its content and how these characteristics are reflected in transport-related posts. The research described in this paper includes a formulation of the goals for harvesting transport-related information from social
media, the hypotheses to be tested to demonstrate that such information can provide valuable input to transport policy development or delivery and the challenges this involves.
A hierarchical approach for categorizing transport-related information harvested from social media is presented. An explanatory study was designed, based on the understanding of the nature of social media content, the goals in harvesting it for transport planning and management purposes and existing text mining techniques. An exploratory case study is used to illustrate the process based on Twitter posts associated with particular UK sporting fixtures (i.e. football matches).
The results demonstrate both the volume and pertinence of the information obtained. Whilst text-mining techniques have been applied in a number of other sectors (notably entertainment, business and the political arena), the use of information in the transport sector has some unique features that stem from both day-to-day operational practices and the longer term decisionmaking processes surrounding
the transport system – hence the significance and novelty of the results reported here. Many challenges in refining the methodology and techniques remain for future research, however the outcomes presented here are of relevance to a wide range of stakeholders in the transport and text mining fields
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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