12,520 research outputs found
Home under siege: Bab al-Hara, televising morality and everyday life in the Levant
No full textThis PhD research investigates the role of television in representing the past and constructing an idealized society using a case study of a phenomenal Ramadan drama series, Bab el-Hara. The television drama, a Syrian production, was funded by the pan-Arab satellite conglomerate, the MBC group, and it is set in a fictitious Damascus of the 1930s under the French Mandate. The series, airing its seventh season in Ramadan, 2015, succeeded in achieving pan-Arab fame and gave a boost to the “Damascene Milieu” drama genre. The study approaches this television phenomenon ethnographically, looking at the fiction's implicatedness in the everyday life of viewers and makers in Damascus and in Beirut, through a multi-sited approach investigating content, context and agency, engaging in questions on space, morality and patriotism. The objective is to investigate audiences, text and makers as distinct yet connected sites of meaning.
This context based analysis of Bab al-Hara takes place against the backdrop of 2010/2011; the liminal state of a Levant entering deeper into a complex local, regional and international power struggle. The everyday life of Bab al-Hara’s viewers was characterized by a general sense of loss and mistrust, and an unclear and threatened future. Contrastingly, Bab al-Hara provided the nostalgic promise of ontological security, grounded as it was in the courtyard houses of Old Damascus. The Damascene courtyard house constituted the spatial anchor for an idealized moral past, an ahistorical Damascusfocused Arab cultural history, and an imagination of the domestic as sovereign. It thus promoted a view of the neighbourly, the city and the country as a system based on kin, or the family, as the frame in which to understand the collectivity.
Bab al-Hara's cultural, moral and spatial telos, a fusion of religious and nationalist worldviews, amongst others, is negotiated by Bab al-Hara’s viewers. The older generation, with situated experience of the social relations during the 1930s, and the younger generation that is appreciative of the virility of the “real” Bab al-Hara man that they no longer encounter in their everyday life. The multiple generational readings in regard to the absent idealized strength and authority, became a dominant reading in relation to chastity and unity as two idealized values that are necessary to conserve, but that are facing serious challenges in the everyday.
Bab al-Hara idealizes a moral domestic society that is set in the past and it aims to advance a discourse on unity and patriotism. In so doing, however, it only exposes the weakness of the national project. The Syrian social upheaval in 2011 shows how unity and patriotism as the binaries to sectarianism and treason, have not succeeded in protecting the inner domain of the house from external invasions or internal divisions. In fact, accusations of treason, instead of forcing the outsider to the outside and building solidarity within, accentuates mistrust between the insiders and reveals the power and the limits of t h e Bab al-Hara imaginary of a kin based collectivity, and the omnipresence of imperialism
Caliroa aizankei Hara 2020, sp. nov.
No full textCaliroa aizankei Hara sp. nov. (Figs 2E, F, 3I, T, 4M, 5I, 9A, B) Description: female (holotype). Length 4.5 mm. Black, shiny with colorless reflection (Fig. 2E, F). Labrum dark brown. Mandible black, apically reddish brown. Palpi yellow brown, basally darkened. Legs black; femora narrowly brownish apically; fore and middle tibiae yellowish white; hind tibia yellowish white on basal half; tarsi yellowish white, slightly darkened apically; tibial spurs and claws yellow brown. Wings brown, becoming pale on apical third; veins and stigma brown to black. Postocellar area 1.5 × as wide as length behind lateral ocellus, without anterior groove. Clypeus emarginated ventrally (Fig. 3I); depth of emargination 0.2 × median length of clypeus. Malar space narrower than facet of eye, without setae. First flagellomere 0.8 × as long as second and third flagellomeres combined (Fig. 3T); apical four flagellomeres combined 1.4 × as long as first flagellomere. Forewing with joint of vein Rs and crossvein 2r-rs located at apical 0.4 of anterior margin of cell 1Rs2 (Fig. 2E); basal corner of cell 1M acute. Hind wing with joint of vein 1A and crossvein cu-a located apical to apex of cell 1A (Fig. 4M); crossveins 2r-m and m-cu absent. Punctures generally minute. Head and thorax mostly smooth between punctures. Mesoscutellum posterolaterally with several relatively large punctures along posterior margin (Fig. 5I). Mesoscutellar appendage mostly with setigerous punctures. Dorsum of abdomen very slightly microsculptured. Lance (Fig. 9A) with dorsal margin very slightly serrate apically. Lancet (Fig. 9A, B) with 14 serrulae; ctenidia pale, ventrally extending to level of base of serrula; middle serrulae about as deep as wide, with some anterior and posterior teeth [serrulae in Fig. 9A, B are probably severely worn]; areas between middle serrulae slightly or moderately convex, slightly wider than adjacent serrula. Male. Unknown. Material examined. Holotype (Figs 2E, F, 3I, T, 4M, 5I, 9A, B): ♀, “[Hokkaido] Aizankei, Mt. Daisetsu, 29. vii. 1955, Col. K. Morimoto ”. Etymology. The species epithet is named after the locality and is a noun in apposition. Distribution. Japan: Hokkaido. Remarks. Among eastern Palearctic and Oriental species, Caliroa aizankei is similar to C. staphyleae and part of C. vaccini in having the combination of a black body with colorless reflection, a pale marked hind tibia and basally dark and apically transparent wings and a female hind wing with the joint of a vein 1A and a crossvein cu-a located apical to the apex of a cell 1A. These three species are distinguished as stated under the key above. In the key to western Palearctic species by Lacourt (2002), C. aizankei goes to the couplet 6, but does not agree with either line of the couplet. In the key to Nearctic species by Smith (1971), C. aizankei goes to the couplet 6 consisting of C. distincta Smith, 1971 and C. lunata MacGillivray, 1909, but it is distinguished from them by apical four flagellomeres combined 1.4 × as long as a first flagellomere [subequal in length in the latter two] and a lancet with 14 serrulae [16 to 17 serrulae in C. distincta; 17 to 19 serrulae in C. lunata].Published as part of Hara, Hideho & Ibuki, Shinichi, 2020, Caliroa slug sawflies of Japan (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae), pp. 301-333 in Zootaxa 4768 (3) on pages 321-322, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4768.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/378399
Fagineura quercivora Hara & Ibuki 2022, comb. nov.
No full textFagineura quercivora (Togashi, 1997), comb. nov. (Figs 4I–K, 5A–C, I, J, 6J, K, S, 7H, N, 8C, D, L, M, T, U, 9F, G, N, O, 10H, I, 13A–C) Dineura quercivora Togashi, 1997: 196; Wei 2002: 86; Taeger et al. 2010: 400; Hara 2019: 71; Hara 2020: 80, 326. Additional description: female (holotype). Length 7.0–9.0 mm (holotype 8.0 mm). Reddish brown with black markings (Figs 4I–K, 5A–C). Postocellar area partly or entirely black (Figs 6J, K). Postspiracular sclerite red yellow or black (Figs 8L, M). Mesepimeron black on anepimeron, yellow red on katepimeron. Abdomen black on medial parts of four to six basal terga (Figs 4J, 5A). Head in dorsal view with length behind eye 0.4–0.8 × eye length (Fig. 6J, K); length behind lateral ocellus 2.5–3.4 × length of lateral ocellus. OOL:POL:OOCL 0.8–1.0:1.0:1.0–1.4. Frontal area with weak lateral ridge and well developed anterior ridge (Fig. 6S); frontal field with long lateral convexity. Distance between eyes at anterior tentorial pit 1.2–1.4 × major axis of eye (Fig. 4I). Inner edges of eyes nearly parallel. Malar space 0.3–0.7 × as long as median ocellus width. Antenna 2.0–2.5 × as long as head width (Figs 4J, 5A); flagellum slightly tapered; flagellomere 1 0.7–0.8 × as long as major axis of eye; flagellomere 2 1.0–1.2 × as long as flagellomere 1. Mesepisternum distinctly expanded beside postspiracular sclerite (Figs 8L, M). Hind tibia with posterior spur 0.8–1.1 × as long as apical breadth of tibia. Forewing usually without crossvein 2r-rs (Fig. 5A) (the holotype has a normal crossvein 2r-rs in both fore wings, Fig. 4J; one female has an abnormal crossvein 2r-rs in both fore wings, that is vague and located very close to the base of cell R1). Valvula 3 in dorsal view about twice as wide as cercus, not concave apically (Figs 9F, G), in lateral view with narrowly rounded or pointed apically, with dorsal edge slightly rounded or straight and ventral edge rounded, sometimes straight near apex (Figs 9N, O). Lance with dorsal edge slightly rounded (Figs 10H, I). Lancet with radix about 0.4–0.5 × as long as lamnium (Figs 13A–C); lamnium with 20–22 annuli; basal annuli slightly sinuous; middle and apical annuli straight and oblique; ctenidia widely separated from each other; basal two annuli with ctenidia very small and consisting of one row of setae; other ctenidia except for some apical ctenidia each slightly expanded dorsally and consisting of some irregular transverse rows of setae; basal serrulae with anterior slope shorter than posterior slope. Head and thorax with punctures minute; interspaces between punctures generally smooth. Lateral lobe of mesoscutum anteriorly sparsely punctured and with wide smooth area (Fig. 8C) or uniformly moderately punctured all over (Fig. 8D); posterolateral hollow with rugose and granular microsculpture. Mesopostnotum with rugose and granular microsculpture, medially smooth. Metapostnotum mostly smooth. Postspiracular sclerite with many setae. Mesepisternum widely glabrous beside postspiracular sclerite (Fig. 8L). Katepimeron with setae on narrow dorsal area and along posterior margin. Abdomen microsculptured imbricately, with punctures inconspicuous. Male. Unknown. Immature stages. Early instar larva: entirely black (Fig. 5I). Late and final instar larva: 18 mm long in final instar; head black (Fig. 5J); trunk mostly black; thoracic legs apically pale yellow; abdomen dorsally yellow or red yellow on anterior and middle segments. Cocoon: 10–11 mm long, blackish brown, single walled. Material examined. Holotype: ♀, “ Tokuho, Suzu-shi, Ishikawa Pref., 3. IV. 1989, I. Togashi ”, “ Holotype ”. “ Dineura quercivora sp. nov. ” “NEM-11”, “ NSMT-HYM 62139 ” (Figs 4I–K, 6J, S, 7H, N, 8C, L, T, 9F, N, 10H, 13A). Other material examined: JAPAN: HONSHU: 1♀, Tochigi Pref., Nakagawa, Wami, coll. larva on Quercus serrata 19. V. 2011, mat. 21. V., em. 12. IV. 2012, S. Ibuki (Figs 5A–C, 13B); 2♀, same data but 36°46’N 140°10’E, coll. larvae 14. V. 2012, mat. 16–17. V., em. 29. III. 2013 (Fig. 5L); 4♀, same data but coll. larvae 4. V. 2018, mat. 11. V., em. 20. IV. 2019 (Fig. 9O); 3♀, same data but coll. larva 5. V. 2018, mat. 12. V., em. 18. IV. 2019 (Figs 5D, E, 6K, 8D, M, U, 9G, 10I); 1♀, Hyogo Pref., Kami, Muraoka, Kojo, 21. IV. 1991, T. Yagi; 1♀, Hyogo Pref., Tamba-Sasayama, Quercus serrata, reared, 20. IV. 1955, T. Okutani; 1♀, same data, larva black. ― LOCALITY UNKNOWN (probably Japan): 1♀, “ Akadani (in Japanese)”, 3. V. 1952, Y. O.; 1♀, “narakurohabachi (in Japanese)” ― KOREA: 1♀, Jeollanam-do, Mt. Nogodan, 1200 m, 26–28. V. 1997, A. Shinohara (Fig. 13C). Distribution. Japan (Honshu) (Togashi, 1997), Korea (new record). Life history. Host plants: Fagaceae: Quercus dentata Thunb. (Togashi, 1997), Q. serrata Murray (new record). This species has one generation per year. In Honshu, Japan, adults appear on late April and early May and larvae on early and middle May. Eggs are laid in a young shoot (Fig. 5I). Larvae are gregarious. Mature larvae enter the soil and make cocoons. Remarks. Fagineura quercivora was described under Dineura Dahlbom, 1835. According to Prous et al. (2014), Dineura has the mandibles both regularly tapered, the malar space 1.0–2.0 times as long as the median ocellus diameter and the anterior fore tibial spur without a velum, but F. quercivora as well as other members of the F. quercivora group have the mandibles both markedly constricted in the middle, the malar space shorter than a median ocellus width and the anterior fore tibial spur with a velum. The lancet of F. quercivora is very similar to those of other species of the F. quercivora group, but it is quite different from those of Dineura species (compare with Fig. 13A with figs 23–27 in Liston et al. 2019). The holotype of F. quercivora has a normal crossvein 2r-rs in both fore wings (Fig. 4J), whereas other specimens have not crossvein 2r-rs except for one female with an abnormal crossvein 2r-rs in both fore wings. Furthermore, the holotype somewhat differs from other specimens in having the postspiracular sclerite entirely pale (widely or entirely black in other specimens), the slightly smaller eye so that the head length behind the eye, the distance between the eyes and the length of the malar space are slightly longer than those of other specimens, and the lateral mesoscutal lobe anteriorly very sparsely punctured (Fig. 8C) (more densely punctured in other specimens; Fig. 8D). However, we conclude that the holotype and the other specimens are conspecific, because large intraspecific variability of venation is often seen in the Nematinae (see Liston et al. 2017, 2019) and the other differences are slight. This species is similar to F. glabella in color, but differs from it as stated in the key. For more differences, see the remarks of the latter species.Published as part of Hara, Hideho & Ibuki, Shinichi, 2022, A study of the genus Fagineura (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae, Nematinae), pp. 223-252 in Zootaxa 5116 (2) on pages 240-245, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5116.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/636725
Pengelolaan Hara Kalium Berdasarkan Batas Kritis untuk Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.) pada Berbagai Status Hara di Tanah Inceptisol
No full textIrwan Agusnu Putra, 2010. Potassium Based Nutrient Management of Critical Level For Maize (Zea mays L.) at Various Nutrient Status in the Inceptisol Soil. Under his guidance, Dr. Ir. Hamidah Hanum, MP as Chairman of the Commission of Advisors with members Dr. Ir. Chairani Hanum, MP. In North Sumatra, most of the planting area of corn in the ground Inceptisol widespread, also dominated by the relatively high clay content so that the fixation of potassium are very strong which resulted in the concentration of potassium in soil solution is reduced, this causes the element potassium in the Inceptisol soil is relatively low. The study was conducted with a single location approach, which is a modification of an artificial nutrient. The purpose of this study was to determine the nutrient status of K due to chicken manure application, assess the response of growth and production of maize at different soil potassium nutrient status of the application of chicken manure and determine critical limits and doses of potassium fertilizer on the soil for corn crops in Inceptisol soil at various K soil nutrient status. The results were obtained giving a dose of chicken manure 40 t / ha can increase soil nutrient status with the acquisition of K-dd me/100 of soil from the low to rather high at Inceptisol soil, the critical limit of K-dd Inceptisol soil on corn plants with medium nutrient status (1,03 mg/100 g) is higher than the low (0,50 me/100 g) and rather low nutrient status (0,76 me/100 g). Doses of K fertilizer on the basis of critical level and the response curve to obtain maximum results at different nutrient status is 79,28 kg KCl / ha (low), 104, 58 KCl / ha (rather low) and 219.45 kg/ha of KCl (medium). The best plant response at rather low nutrient status or chicken manure doses at 10 t/ha with product dry grain 11,05 t/ha.Irwan Agusnu Putra, 2010. Pengelolaan Hara Kalium Berdasarkan Batas Kritis Untuk Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.) Pada Berbagai Status Hara di Tanah Inceptisol. Dibawah bimbingan, Dr. Ir. Hamidah Hanum, MP Sebagai Ketua Komisi Pembimbing dengan anggota Dr. Ir. Chairani Hanum, MP. Di Sumatra Utara areal pertanaman jagung sebagian besar di tanah Inceptisol yang tersebar luas, juga didominasi oleh kandungan liat yang relatif tinggi sehingga fiksasi kalium sangat kuat yang mengakibatkan konsentrasi kalium pada larutan tanah berkurang, hal ini menyebabkan unsur kalium pada tanah Inceptisol relatif rendah. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan lokasi tunggal, yaitu melalui modifikasi status hara secara buatan dengan aplikasi pupuk kandang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan status hara K akibat aplikasi pupuk kandang ayam, mengkaji respon pertumbuhan dan produksi jagung pada berbagai status hara kalium tanah terhadap aplikasi pupuk kandang ayam dan menentukan batas kritis dan dosis pemupukan kalium tanah untuk tanaman jagung di tanah Inceptisol pada berbagai status hara K tanah. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh Pemberian Pupuk kandang ayam hingga 40 t/ha dapat meningkatkan status hara K-dd tanah dari rendah hingga agak tinggi pada tanah Inceptisol. Batas kritis K-dd tanah Inceptisol pada tanaman jagung dengan status hara sedang (1,03 me/100 g) lebih tinggi dari pada status hara rendah (0,50 me/100 g) dan agak rendah (0,76 me/100 g). Dosis pupuk K berdasarkan batas kritis dan kurva respon untuk memperoleh hasil maksimum pada status hara yang berbeda adalah 79,28 Kg KCl/ha ( status K tanah rendah), 104,58 Kg KCl/ha (status K tanah agak rendah) dan 219,45 Kg KCl (status K tanah sedang). Respon tanaman terbaik pada status hara agak rendah atau dosis pupuk kandang sebesar 10 t/ha dengan produksi pipilan kering 11,05 t/ha.103 HalamanTesis Magiste
Shirozu, T. et Hara, A. — Early stages of Japanese Butterflies in colour. Vol. 1. Osaka, Hoikusha, 1960
No full textShirozu, T. et Hara, A. — Early stages of Japanese Butterflies in colour. Vol. 1. Osaka, Hoikusha, 1960. In: La Terre et La Vie, Revue d'Histoire naturelle, tome 16, n°2, 1962. p. 206
Fagineura togashii Hara 2022, nom. nov.
No full textFagineura togashii Hara, nom. nov. (Figs 2G–N, 3A–K, 6F, G, N, R, 7C, F, L, R, S, 8F, I, Q, 9C, K, 10D, E, 12A, B, 14C, I, J, O, P) Fagineura quercivora Togashi, 2006: 169; Taeger et al. 2010: 405; Tazunoki et al. 2018: 142; Hara 2019: 77; Hara 2020: 82, 339; Liu et al. 2019: 33; Liu et al. 2021: 130. Junior secondary homonym of Fagineura quercivora (Togashi, 1997) [= Dineura quercivora Togashi, 1997]. Additional description: female and male. Female Figs 2G–J. Male Figs 2K–N. Length 7.0– 10.5 mm in female, 6.0–7.0 mm in male. Head in dorsal view with length behind eye 0.3–0.5 × eye length in female, 0.3–0.4 × in male (Figs 6F, G); length behind lateral ocellus 2.6–3.5 × length of lateral ocellus in female, 1.9–2.2 × in male. OOL: POL:OOCL 0.8–1.0:1.0: 1.1–1.2 in female, 0.8–0.9:1.0: 0.9–1.2 in male. Frontal area with lateral ridge low and anterior ridge well developed (Fig. 6R); frontal field with long lateral convexity. Distance between eyes at anterior tentorial pit 1.1–1.2 × major axis of eye in female, 1.0–1.1 × in male (Figs 2G, K). Inner edges of eyes nearly parallel. Malar space 0.2–0.3 × as long as median ocellus width. Antenna 2.3–2.4 × as long as head width in female, 2.7–2.8 × in male (Figs 2H, L); flagellum tapered; flagellomere 1 0.6–0.7 × as long as major axis of eye in female, 0.7–0.8 × in male; flagellomere 2 1.1–1.2 × as long as flagellomere 1 in both sexes. Mesepisternum barely expanded beside postspiracular sclerite (Fig. 8I). Hind tibia with posterior spur 1.0–1.2 × as long as apical breadth of tibia in lateral view. Fore wing without crossvein 2r-rs. Female abdomen: valvula 3 in dorsal view about twice as wide as cercus, not or very slightly concave near pointed apex (Fig. 9C), in lateral view rounded apically, straight or very slightly rounded on dorsal edge and slightly rounded on ventral edge (Fig. 9K). Lance with dorsal edge gently rounded (Figs 10D, E). Lancet with radix about 0.7 × as long as lamnium (Figs 12A, B); lamnium with 19–20 annuli; basal annuli slightly sinuous; middle and apical annuli straight and oblique; annulus 1 and some apical annuli without ctenidium; ctenidia widely separated from each other, each consisting of some irregular transverse rows of setae; basal and middle ctenidia slightly expanded dorsally; basal serrulae with anterior slope as long as posterior slope. Male abdomen: subgenital plate in ventral view apically rounded or angulated. Genitalia in dorsal and ventral views Figs 14I, J; parapennis pointed apically, roundly concave on medial edge; harpe about as long as wide, with medial edge distinctly convex at basal third, lateral edge gently rounded, and apex rounded. Penis valve with paravalva swollen with many distinct spinules (Figs 14O, P); valvispina located near apex of paravalva, directed posterodorsally. Head and thorax with punctures minute; interspaces between punctures generally smooth. Mesoscutum mostly covered with setiferous punctures; posterolateral hollow with rugose and granular microsculpture. Mesopostnotum with rugose and granular microsculpture, medially smooth. Metapostnotum mostly smooth. Postspiracular sclerite with many setae. Mesepisternum not glabrous beside postspiracular sclerite (Fig. 8I). Katepimeron widely covered with setae. Abdomen microsculptured imbricately, with punctures inconspicuous. Immature stages. Early instar larva: head and thoracic legs black (Fig. 3D); trunk pale greenish yellow, sometimes with inconspicuous dark broken supraspiracular and pleural stripes; setae short. Middle and late instar larvae: head and thoracic legs black (Fig. 3E); trunk yellow, with black supraspiracular stripe and black broken pleural stripe; setae short. Final instar larvae: 13–18 mm long; color as in middle instar, but thoracic legs pale yellow, trunk pale grey below supraspiracular stripe and abdominal tergum 10 mostly black (Figs 3F, G); supraspiracular stripe often broken on abdominal segment 9; setae inconspicuous; when mature, trunk uniformly bright yellow above supraspiracular stripe and on thoracic segment 1, pale yellow ventrally (Fig. 3H); clypeus laterally with one or two setae on each side; mandible with one or two setae; labrum medially notched on ventral margin, with median and submedian grooves (Fig. 3I) and one or two setae on both sides; antenna conical with four antennomeres (Fig. 3J); palpifer with two setae; stipes with two or three setae; abdominal segments 2–7 and 10 each with proleg; abdominal segments 3–8 each dorsally with six annulets; in abdominal segment 3, annulets 1, 2 and 4 each sometimes with one seta, annulet 4 always with one wart; abdominal tergum 10 without caudal protuberance, apically truncate in dorsal view (Fig. 3K). Cocoon: 7–10 mm long, blackish brown, single walled. Material examined. Paratypes: 2♀ 2♂, “Mt. Funaoka, Tsurugi-machi, Ishikawa Pref., 16. IV. 2004, I. Togashi”, “ Paratype Fagineura quercivora n. sp. ” (Figs 6F, G, N, R, 7C, F, L, R, S, 8F, I, Q, Y, 9C, K, 10E, 12A, 14I, J, O, P), kept in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. We have not examined the holotype of Fagineura quercivora Togashi, 2006. Togashi (2006) wrote “ Holotype and 10 paratypes deposited in the collection of the National Science Museum (Nat. Hist.), Tokyo ”, but there are no type specimens of the species in the museum. Other material examined: JAPAN: HONSHU: 1♀, Tochigi Pref., Nakagawa, Koisago, 36°47’N 140°11’E, coll. gregarious larvae on Quercus acutissima 6. V. 2016, mat. 16. V., em. 13. IV. 2017, S. Ibuki; 2♀, Tochigi Pref., Nakagawa, Wami, 36°46’N 140°10’E, coll. gregarious larvae on Quercus acutissima, mat. 20. V. 2010, em. 16–19. IV. 2011, S. Ibuki; 3♀, same data but coll. gregarious larvae on Quercus serrata 10. V. 2014, mat. 19. V., em. 21–27. III. 2015; 4♀ 1♂, same data but coll. larvae 3. V. 2019, mat. 11–12. V., em. 22–24. III. 2020 (Figs 2G–N, 3A, E–H); 2♀ 4♂, same data but coll. larvae 5. V. 2019, mat. 13–16. V., em. 22–26. III. 2020 (Figs 3B–D); 10♀ 1♂, Tochigi Pref., Nakagawa, Wami, coll. larvae on Quercus serrata 8. V. 2020, mat. 16. V., em. 30. III. 2021, S. Ibuki; 3 final instar larvae, same data but coll. larvae 7. V. 2021, fix. 8. V. 2021, S. Ibuki (Figs 3H–J); 4♀, Tochigi Pref., Sakura, coll. larvae on Quercus serrata 18. V. 2017, mat. 20–21. V., em. 1. IV. 2018, S. Ibuki (Fig. 10D); 6♀, Tokyo Met., “Sirokane Estate, Meguro”, 11. IV. 1947, T. Okutani ― KYUSHU: 3 final instar larvae, Saga Pref., Saga, Dondonnomori, 33°15’N 130°17’E, on Quercus dentata, 30. IV. 2016, M. Tokuda (cited by Tazunoki et al. 2018); 2♀ 2♂, same locality, 20. IV. 2017, S. Fujita & Y. Tazunoki (Fig. 12B) (cited by Tazunoki et al. 2018, Hara 2020); 3♀ 2♂, same locality, 1. IV. 2018 ― LOCALITY UNKNOWN: 1♀, “4.24 [haka (in Japanese)]” ― KOREA: 1♀, Gangwon-do, Mt. Samagsan, 9. V. 1990, A. Shinohara; 1♀, Gyeonggi-do, Suwon, V. 1925, Y. Hasegawa; 1♀, same locality, on Quercus, 13. V. 1926, K, Sato; 1♀, same locality and collector, coll. larva on Quercus serrata, em. 20. IV. 1927; 1♀, same locality and collector, 27. IV. 1927; 1♀, same locality and collector, 4. V. 1927; 2♀, same locality and collector, 3. V. 1931; 9♀, same locality and collector, coll. larvae on Quercus acutissima, V. 1932; 1♀, Mt. Chongmasan, 9. V. 1980, A. & N. Shinohara & S. J. Yoon. Distribution. Japan: Honshu (Togashi 2006), Kyushu (Tazunoki et al. 2018). Korea (new record). Life history. Host plants: Fagaceae: Quercus acutissima Carruth. (Tazunoki et al. 2018), Q. crispula Blume var. crispula (Togashi 2006, under rearing condition), Q. dentata Thunb. (Tazunoki et al. 2018), Q. serrata Murray (Togashi 2006, under rearing condition; present study). This species has univoltine life cycle and adults occur in early spring (Togashi 2006, Tazunoki et al. 2018). Eggs are deposited in young shoots (Fig. 3A). Larvae are gregarious but they are not in contact with each other (Fig. 3C). Young larvae eat the insides of leaves. Old larvae eat leaves from the edges. When larvae reach maturity, they enter into the soil without an extra molt and become cocoons in the soil. Tazunoki et al. (2018) reported severe defoliation by the larvae. Remarks. Fagineura togashii is very similar to F. fulvistriata. Their differences we noticed are only the condition of the mesepisternum and the coloration as stated in the key, malar space length, the shape of the basal serrulae of a lancet and the larval color. A malar space is 0.2–0.3 × as long as a median ocellus width in the former but 0.5–0.6 × in the latter. The basal serrulae of a lancet have the posterior slope about as long as the anterior slope in the former (Figs 12A, B) but the posterior slope longer than the anterior slope in the latter (Fig. 12C). In the late instars except for the mature stage, the former larva has the dorsally yellow trunk (Figs 3E–G), while the latter larva has the mostly pale grey trunk (Fig. 4L). This species is also similar to F. flavomaculata in color, but it is distinguished from the latter by the mesepisternum dorsally not glabrous and barely expanded (Fig. 8I), the lancet annuli markedly oblique (Figs 12A, B), the female mesoscutum and mesepisternum entirely black (Figs 2H–J), the female abdominal terga 1, 2 yellow (Fig. 2H), the female abdominal laterotergites 7, 8 mostly black (Fig. 2I) and the trunk of the late instar larva dorsally yellow (Figs 3E–G). The latter species has the mesepisternum dorsally glabrous and distinctly expanded (Fig. 8K), the lancet with the middle annuli nearly erect (Figs 12D, E), the female mesoscutum and mesepisternum partly yellow to brown (Figs 4G, H), the female abdominal terga 1, 2 mostly black (Fig. 4G), the female abdominal laterotergites 7, 8 yellow (Fig. 4H) and the trunk of the late instar larva mostly pale grey (Figs 4O, P).Published as part of Hara, Hideho & Ibuki, Shinichi, 2022, A study of the genus Fagineura (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae, Nematinae), pp. 223-252 in Zootaxa 5116 (2) on pages 234-236, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5116.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/636725
IL-23 gene therapy for mouse bladder tumour cell lines.
No full textOBJECTIVES:
• To evaluate the antitumour effects of IL-23 gene transfer into mouse bladder carcinoma (MBT2) cells. • To investigate the mechanisms underlying the subsequent constitutive secrection of IL-23 by the MBT2 cells
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
• An expression vector containing IL-23 gene was introduced into MBT2 cells by liposome-mediated gene transfer, and secretion of IL-23 was confirmed by ELISA. • The in vivo antitumour effect of IL-23-secreting MBT2 cells (MBT2/IL-23) was examined by injecting the cells into syngeneic C3H mice. • A tumour vaccination study using mitomycin C (MMC)-treated IL-23-secreting MBT2 cells was carried out, and the usefulness of in vivo CD25 depletion for an additional vaccine effect was also investigated. • The mechanisms underlying the antitumour effects were investigated by antibody depletion of CD8 or CD4 T cells, or natural killer cells, and cells infiltrating the tumour sites in vivo were assessed using immunohistochemistry.
RESULTS:
• Stable transformants transduced with MBT2/IL-23 secreted IL-23 into the culture supernatant. • Genetically engineered IL-23-secreting MBT2 cells were rejected in syngeneic mice. • MBT2/IL-23-vaccinated mice inhibited the tumour growth of parental MBT2 cells injected at a distant site and this vaccine effect was enhanced by combination with in vivo CD25 depletion by an antibody. • The main effector cells for the direct antitumour effect of MBT2/IL-23 were CD8 T cells, which was shown by in vivo depletion and immunohistochemical study.
CONCLUSIONS:
• IL-23-secreting MBT2 cells were rejected in syngeneic mice by the activation of CD8 T cells. • MMC-treated MBT2/IL-23 can have a tumour vaccine effect for parental MBT2 cells, and this effect was enhanced by combination with in vivo CD25 depletion
KAJIAN KANDUNGAN UNSUR HARA MIKRO Fe, Mn dan Zn PADA BERBAGAI KANTONG LUMPUR DI BENDUNGAN LOMAYA DAN ALOPOHU
No full textPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan unsur hara Fe, Mn, Zn pada kantong lumpur pasir Bendungan Alopohu Lomaya. Penelitian dilakukan di dua Bendungan Lomaya yaitu Bendungan Bulango Bolango Kabupaten Bone Utara dan Bendungan Alopohu Bongomeme Kabupaten Gorontalo. Sampling diambil dari kantong lumpur pada titik koordinat Lomaya 00037'33.7N'' E123004'54.8'' dan Bendungan Alopohu diambil pada sediment trap (cekdam) di desa pada titik koordinat Iloponu 00040'01.6N'' E122 051' 14,3'. Waktu penelitian dimulai dari bulan Maret sampai April 2014 Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif. Analisis besi menggunakan Spektrofotometri Serapan Atom, Mangan kami menggunakan Spektrohotometri Serapan Atom dan Spektrofotometri Serapan Atom Seng. Analisis data di analisis menggunakan uji t membandingkan kandungan gizi dua kantong mudin terhadap objek pengamatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada kedua Damsand Alopohu Lomaya mengandung unsur hara Fe, Mn dan Zn. Rata-rata konsentrasi unsur hara pada mudbagdam Lomaya adalah Fe = 2253,6 (ppm), Mn =25,2 (ppm), Zn = 963,6 (ppm). Sedangkan rata-rata konsentrasi hara dalam kantong adalah sebagai ludgedam Alopohu Fe = 2357,6 (ppm), Mn = 27,8 (ppm), Zn = 723,3 (ppm). Dari hasil analisis statistik uji t menunjukkan bahwa kandungan hara rata-rata Bendungan kedua tidak nyata disproporsi pada parameter elyon Fe, Mn dan Zn. Rata-rata konsentrasi unsur hara pada mudbagdam Lomaya adalah Fe = 2253,6 (ppm), Mn =25,2 (ppm), Zn = 963,6 (ppm). Sedangkan rata-rata konsentrasi hara dalam kantong adalah sebagai ludgedam Alopohu Fe = 2357,6 (ppm), Mn = 27,8 (ppm), Zn = 723,3 (ppm). Dari hasil analisis statistik uji t menunjukkan bahwa kandungan hara rata-rata Bendungan kedua tidak nyata disproporsi pada parameter elyon Fe, Mn dan Zn. Rata-rata konsentrasi unsur hara pada mudbagdam Lomaya adalah Fe = 2253,6 (ppm), Mn =25,2 (ppm), Zn = 963,6 (ppm). Sedangkan rata-rata konsentrasi hara dalam kantong adalah sebagai ludgedam Alopohu Fe = 2357,6 (ppm), Mn = 27,8 (ppm), Zn = 723,3 (ppm). Dari hasil analisis statistik uji t menunjukkan bahwa kandungan hara rata-rata Bendungan kedua tidak nyata disproporsi pada parameter elyon Fe, Mn dan Zn
EVALUASI KETERSEDIAAN HARA PADA DUA LOKASI BUDIDAYA TANAMAN SEREWANGI DI LAMTEUBA KECAMATAN SEULIMUEM ACEH BESAR
No full textTanah adalah media untuk pengembangan tanaman. Tanah dapat memberi unsurketersediaan hara sebagai makanan tanaman untuk pertumbuhannya. Tanah terbentuk dari bahan-bahan mineral seperti bahan organik, air dan udara, dari hasil jalannya proses perkembanganpembentukan tanah, maka terbentuklah perbedaan sifat kimia tanah, fisik, biologi dan morfologi tanah(Hakim,et all, 1986). Tanah yang digunakan untuk lahan pertanian memiliki tingkat kesuburan yangberbeda-beda. Pengelolaan tanah secara tepat merupakan faktor penting dalam menentukanpertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman yang akan dibudidayakan, kebutuhan unsur hara yang diperlukantanaman untuk pertumbuhan dan produksinya ditentukan oleh kemampuan tanah dalam menyediakanunsur hara bagi tanaman dan pada umumnya tidak selalu dapat terpenuhi. Serewangi (Cymbopogonnardus L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman pokok dari famili Gramineae yang umumnya dimanfaatkandalam berbagai usaha wewangian, kecantikan, makanan, minuman dan obat-obatan. Selain itu, jugadigunakan sebagai pestisida nabati untuk mengendalikan hama dan penyakit tanaman (Damanik,2007). Penentuan ketersediaan hara tanah diawali dengan pengambilan sampel tanah dilapangan danselanjutnya dilakukan analisis dilaboratorium dan terakhir dilakukan pengolahan data dengan mengacupada tabel kriteria interpretasi sifat-sifat kimia tanah menurut puslittanak (2003). Pada penelitian iniketersediaan hara pada kedua lokasi budidaya tanaman serewangi memiliki ketersediaan hara yangsama yaitu tergolong rendah
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