204 research outputs found
Psychological Perspective
No full textOver the past few decades, the progress of research into the etiology and treatment of anxiety disorders has been immense. Anxiety disorders are without doubt one of the most extensively studied groups of mental disorders, and systematic research has revealed important processes that contribute to their development and maintenance. This chapter focuses on the future directions, and highlights a number of problems and current developments. Researchers have started to systematically investigate transdiagnostic cognitive and behavioral processes that are involved in the maintenance of emotional disorders across diagnostic categories. Decades of treatment research have shown that anxiety disorders can be treated effectively, with high effect sizes and stable long-term effects. Although CBT is currently the most effective psychological treatment for anxiety disorders, there is considerable room for improvement. Therefore, there is a clear need to figure out how these treatments work and what accounts for the variability in outcomes
General Introduction
No full textThis introductory chapter of this two-volume handbook commences with an overview of the book, which is aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge on the phenomenology, classification, epidemiology, etiology, and clinical management of anxiety disorders. Whereas Volume 1 focuses on theory and research, Volume 2 covers assessment and treatment issues. For the most part, the different chapters of this handbook focus on the state of the art of theory, research, and treatment. The chapter provides a brief overview, providing basic information regarding the definition, prevalence, etiology, and treatment of anxiety and related disorders. Throughout the chapter, references to different chapters of this handbook are made for more detailed information. Description of anxiety disorders, such as specific phobias, social anxiety disorder, panic disorder and agoraphobia, and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is presented. Anxiety-related disorders include obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and acute stress disorder
Characteristics of emotion regulation in recovered depressed versus never depressed individuals
No full textEhring T, Fischer S, Schnuelle J, Boesterling A, Tuschen-Caffier B. Characteristics of emotion regulation in recovered depressed versus never depressed individuals. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES. 2008;44(7):1574-1584
Emotion Regulation and Vulnerability to Depression: Spontaneous Versus Instructed Use of Emotion Suppression and Reappraisal
No full textEhring T, Tuschen-Caffier B, Schnuelle J, Fischer S, Gross JJ. Emotion Regulation and Vulnerability to Depression: Spontaneous Versus Instructed Use of Emotion Suppression and Reappraisal. EMOTION. 2010;10(4):563-572
Cholinergic and α-adrenergic coronary constriction with increasing ischemia-reperfusion injury
No full text Pages H886–H894: T. Ehring, M. Krajcar, D. Baumgart, S. Kompa, M. Hümmelgen, and G. Heusch. “Cholinergic and agr-adrenergic coronary constriction with increasing ischemia-reperfusion injury.” The title of this paper was incorrectly printed and should appear as the following. Cholinergic and agr-adrenergic coronary vasomotion with increasing ischemia-reperfusion injury. </jats:p
A brief measure of guilt and shame: validation of the Guilt and Shame Questionnaire (GSQ-8)
No full textBackground: Guilt and shame regulate basic human processes such as social cognition and relations. Both emotions are also involved in the aetiology and maintenance of trauma-related mental disorders such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, a concise scale that adequately captures these constructs is currently lacking, impeding research efforts to understand them more thoroughly. Objective: To this end, we developed the eight-item Guilt and Shame Questionnaire (GSQ-8) in English, German, and Dutch. Method: We examined the reliability and validity of the GSQ-8 in a clinical sample of adults seeking treatment for childhood-trauma-related posttraumatic stress disorder (n = 209), a sample of adults who had suffered at least one traumatic life event reporting different levels of PTSD symptoms (n = 556), and a non-clinical sample of adults (n = 156). Results: Theory-driven confirmatory factor analyses confirmed two correlated latent factors guilt and shame with four items for each factor. Across all samples, two-factor models yielded better model fit than one-factor solutions. Measurement invariance across the three samples, gender, and Dutch and German language was mostly established. Guilt and shame composite scores were associated with PTSD symptoms, depressive symptoms, life satisfaction, mental health-related quality of life, and self-blame, thus supporting scale validity. Importantly, both subscales predicted PTSD symptoms, depression, life satisfaction, and mental health-related quality of life over and above cognitions of self-blame. Conclusions: The GSQ-8 is a parsimonious, reliable, and valid tool to assess guilt and shame in clinical, sub-clinical, and non-clinical populations, allowing applications across a broad range of research questions
Supplementary materials to "Imagery rescripting versus cognitive restructuring for social anxiety: Treatment effects and working mechanisms"
No full textSupplementary materials to: Strohm, M., Siegesleitner, M., Kunze, A. E., Ehring, T., & Wittekind, C. E. (2021). Imagery rescripting versus cognitive restructuring for social anxiety: Treatment effects and working mechanisms. Clinical Psychology in Europe, 3(3), Article e5303. https://doi.org/10.32872/cpe.5303The supplementary material contains a table containing the means and standard deviations of the positive and negative emotions as well as the results of the statistical analyse
Supplementary materials to "Dropout from trauma-focused treatment for PTSD in a naturalistic setting"
No full textSupplementary materials to: Semmlinger, V., Takano, K., Wolkenstein, L., Krüger-Gottschalk, A., Kuck, S., Dyer, A., Pittig, A., Alpers, G. W., & Ehring, T. (2025). Dropout from trauma-focused treatment for PTSD in a naturalistic setting. Clinical Psychology in Europe, 7(1), Article e14491. https://doi.org/10.32872/cpe.14491The Supplementary Materials contain a full correlation matrix of all variables studied.unknownunknow
Exploring the Impact of Childhood Maltreatment Subtypes on Adult Depression: A Meta-Analysis Update
No full textThis study aims to provide a contemporary perspective on an earlier meta-analysis (Nelson et al. 2017) by investigating recent literature on the relationship between childhood maltreatment and adult depression characteristics (incidence, age at onset, course of depression, severity, and treatment response).
A sensitive search strategy will be executed across MEDLINE, PTSDpubs and PsycINFO. Screening and data extraction will be conducted by two independent researchers. Risk of bias will be assessed. Random-effects model will be assumed and effect sizes across different types of childhood maltreatment will be calculated using Robust Variance Estimation method .
Nelson J, Klumparendt A, Doebler P, Ehring T. Childhood maltreatment and characteristics of adult depression: meta-analysis. Br J Psychiatry. 2017 Feb;210(2):96-104. doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.115.180752. Epub 2016 Dec 1. PMID: 27908895
Screening for posttraumatic stress disorder in civilian substance use disorder patients: Cross-validation of the Jellinek-PTSD screening questionnaire
No full textThis study aimed to cross-validate earlier findings regarding the diagnostic efficiency of a modified version of the Primary Care Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PC-PTSD) screening questionnaire (A. Prins, P. Ouimette, R. Kimerling, R. P. Cameron, D. S. Hugelshofer, J. Shaw-Hegwer, et al., 2004). The PC-PTSD is a four-item screening questionnaire for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Based on former research, we adapted the PC-PTSD for use among civilian substance use disorder (SUD) patients (D. Van Dam, T. Ehring, E. Vedel, & P. M. G. Emmelkamp, 2010). This version will be referred to as the Jellinek-PTSD (J-PTSD) screening questionnaire. Results showed a high sensitivity (.87), specificity (.75), and overall efficiency (.77) of the J-PTSD in detecting PTSD when using a cutoff score of 2. This confirms findings in former research, and suggests that the J-PTSD is a useful screening instrument for PTSD within a civilian SUD population. Both PTSD and SUD are severe and disabling disorders causing great psychological distress. An early recognition of PTSD among SUD patients makes it possible to address PTSD symptoms in time, which may ultimately lead to an improvement of symptoms in this complex patient group
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