1,467 research outputs found
On the dual deuterium/deuteron nature of D charge distribution in the Ti host matrix: a DFT analysis
No full textIn the present work we have investigated the charge distribution on deuterium atom inside a titanium host matrix and their interaction energy. This analysis is motivated by the role that Ti-D alloys play in nuclear processes, i.e. the reported neutron generation as a consequence of the pressure exerted on such hybrid systems. A two-fold DFT procedure has been employed in order to carry out our analysis, namely a periodic and a cluster approach. Both show that the D atom, at variance with the prediction by T. Asami et al. (T. Asami, Journal of Condensed Matter Nuclear Science 2011; 5:7-16; T Asami, N. Sano, Journal of Condensed Matter Nuclear Science 2012; 9:1-9), tends to avoid the deuteron form when entering the Ti tetrahedral site. In particular, according to the cluster approach results, both the Voronoi Deformation Density atomic charge analysis and the interaction energy decomposition analysis indicate that the deuterium enters the tetrahedron cage retaining its electron, provided that a high energy barrier could be overcome. The largest contribution to the interaction energy is the charge-transfer orbital interaction term but the sizeable energy barrier is mainly due to the electrostatic repulsive interaction between Ti cluster and D+. We thus conclude that the experimental conditions (i.e., the combination of pressure and temperature) could be responsible for the hypothesized "switching on" of the deuterium-to-deuteron charge oxidation
Fast Download but Eternal Seeding: The Reward and Punishment of Sharing Ratio Enforcement
No full textMany private BitTorrent communities employ Sharing Ratio Enforcement (SRE) schemes to incentivize users to contribute their upload resources. It has been demonstrated that communities that use SRE are greatly oversupplied, i.e., they have much higher seeder-to-leecher ratios than communities in which SRE is not employed. The first order effect of oversupply under SRE is a positive increase in the average downloading speed. However, users are forced to seed for extremely long times to maintain adequate sharing ratios to be able to start new downloads. In this paper, we propose a fluid model to study the effects of oversupply under SRE, which predicts the average downloading speed, the average seeding time, and the average upload capacity utilization for users in communities that employ SRE. We notice that the phenomenon of oversupply has two undesired negative effects: a) Peers are forced to seed for long times, even though their seeding efforts are often not very productive (in terms of low upload capacity utilization); and b) SRE discriminates against peers with low bandwidth capacities and forces them to seed for longer durations than peers with high capacities. To alleviate these problems, we propose four different strategies for SRE, which have been inspired by ideas in social sciences and economics. We evaluate these strategies through simulations. Our results indicate that these new strategies release users from needlessly long seeding durations, while also being fair towards peers with low capacities and maintaining high system-wide downloading speeds.Accepted Author ManuscriptData-Intensive System
Neutron generation via the mechanism adsorption of pressurized deuterium on an electron deficient titanium matrix. An MD-DFT combined analysis on the mechanism of the Ti-D bond formation
No full textIn the present paper the mechanism behind the neutron generation experiment in titanium lattice alloyed with deuterium atoms is investigated via both a static Density Functional Theory and a Molecular Dynamics approach. In particular, the hypothesized formation of a three-centre-two-electrons (3c-2e) bond, which is typical of electron-deficient species alloyed with H and its heavy isotopes (D, T), is investigated. In the context of the static analysis, a two-fold approach is taken into account, i.e., a cluster one to describe the bonding environment and the nature of the orbitals involved in such a bond, and a periodic one through which the occurrence of this peculiar feature is investigated as a function of deuterium atom concentrations in the Ti lattice. The octahedral subcell is found to be the most suitable site for the formation of this bond. A saturation value of two deuterium atoms for the 3c-2e bond per octahedral/tetrahedral subcell is also reported. Molecular Dynamics analysis performed at ordinary T by means of a Nose thermostat reveals the possibility for two deuterium atoms to occupy at the same time the T-d and the O-h site of vicinal subcells
Metalycaeus Asami, 2017, n. sp.
No full textMetalycaeus (?) okuboi Páll-Gergely & Hunyadi, n. sp. FIGUrEs 53A–B, 62C–D, 64, 65C–F. Type material. HOLOTypE HNHM 99713, PGB/1 paraTypE (Ex COLL. K. OkUbO), 20050313A CHINa, YUNNaN, HONGHEHaNIzUyIzU ZIzHIzHOU, LUxI XIaN, ZHONGsHU ZHEN, ALUGUdONG, LEG. K. OkUbO, 13 Mar 2005; OK/1 paraTypE, PGB/1 paraTypE (Ex COLL. K. OkUbO), 20060107A CHINa, YUNNaN, HONGHEHaNIzUyIzU ZIzHIzHOU, JIaNsHUI XIaN, YaNsHUIdONG, 1260 m, 23°38.16988'N, 103°03.10779'E, LEG. K. OHara, K. OkUbO & J.U. OTaNI, 0 7 JaN 2006; HA/32 paraTypEs, 2011/25 CHINa, YUNNaN, HONGHE HaNIzU YIzU ZIzHIzHOU, JIaNsHUI XIaN, MIaNdIaN XIaNG, YaNzIdONG E 1.5 km, DaTIaNsHaN CUN N, ENvIrONmENT Of THE CavE, 1280 m, 23°37.796'N, 103°04.074'E, LEG. A. HUNyadI, 26 Mar 2011; PGB/2 paraTypEs (Ex COLL. K. OkUbO), 20050314A CHINa, YUNNaN, HONGHEHaNIzUyIzU ZIzHIzHOU, KaIyUaN SHI, NaNdONG FENGjINGOU, LEG. K. OkUbO, 14 Mar 2005. Etymology. THIs NEw spECIEs Is NamEd afTEr OUr frIENd, KaNjI OkUbO, wHO prOvIdEd sHELL maTErIaL fOr THIs rEvIsION. Diagnosis. A mEdIUm sIzEd spECIEs wITH LONG R2, mOdEraTE R3, bLUNT swELLING ON R3, aNd a THICkENEd pErIsTOmE. BOTH THE aNTErIOr aNd pOsTErIOr CrUsTs Of R2 arE sTrONGLy dEvELOpEd. THE rIbs Of THE aNTErIOr CrUsT, wHICH Is sTraIGHT IN mOsT Metalycaeus spECIEs, Is OrIENTEd IN aNTErIOr dIrECTION IN THIs spECIEs. Description. THE ONLy spECImEN wITH ITs OrIGINaL COLOUr (HOLOTypE: FIGUrE 62C) Is yELLOwIsH IvOry; spIrE sLIGHTLy (20050313A, 20050314A, 20060107A) Or mOrE (2011/25) ELEvaTEd, sHELL OUTLINE rOUNdEd frOm dOrsaL vIEw, bOdy wHOrL rOUNdEd; aLL ExamINEd spECImENs Had sOmEwHaT wEaTHErEd apICEs, THErEfOrE bOUNdary bETwEEN prOTOCONCH aNd TELEOCONCH COULd NOT bE sEEN; prOTOCONCH (FIGUrEs 53A–B) aNd R1 arE 3–3.25 (20050313A, N = 2), 3.25–3.5 (2011/25, N = 3), 3.25 (20050314A, N = 2) wHOrLs TOGETHEr; prOTOCONCH mOdEraTELy ELEvaTEd; spIraL LINEs vIsIbLE ON THE sUppOsEdLy LasT wHOrL Of THE prOTOCONCHs Of sampLEs 20050313A, 20050314A aNd 20060107A; R1 IrrEGULarLy rIbbEd, rIbs LOw bUT rELaTIvELy sHarp aT THE ENd Of R1; THErE arE sIGNs Of vEry wEak spIraL LINEs bETwEEN rIbs ON R1; TraNsITION bETwEEN R1 aNd R2 CONspICUOUs bECaUsE rIbbING ON R2 mOrE dENsEr aNd IN mOsT spECImENs R2 sEEmINGLy bULGING; vIEwING frOm abOvE, R2 (FIGUrEs 64A–B) rIbs sEEmINGLy HavE a HOrIzONTaL, aNTErIOr prOjECTIONs, bUT IN faCT THOsE prOjECTIONs arE THE aNTErIOr CrUsTs; bOTH aNTErIOr aNd pOsTErIOr CrUsTs sTrONGLy dEvELOpEd (FIGUrEs 64C–D), aNTErIOr ONLy sLIGHTLy LarGEr THaN pOsTErIOr, aNd bOTH HOLLOw INsIdE; pOsTErIOr CrUsTs CUrvEd TOwards apErTUrE fOrmING a wIdE, varIOUsLy sHapEd (rOUNdEd, qUadraNGULar Or TrIaNGULar) mICrOTUNNEL wITH waLL Of aNTErIOr CrUsT; aNTErIOr CrUsTs CUrvEd TOwards apErTUrE, ITs bECk NEarLy paraLLEL wITH sHELL waLL; R2 aNd R3 NEarLy rEaCHING 180 dEGrEEs TOGETHEr, R2 sOmEwHaT LONGEr THaN R3; R2 aNd R3 sEparaTEd by a LOw CONsTrICTION; R3 raTHEr IrrEGULarLy wrINkLEd; wrINkLEs apprOxImaTELy as dENsE as THOsE aT ENd Of R1; R3 wITH a bLUNT swELLING ON ITs mIddLE; apErTUrE rOUNdEd wITH sLIGHT UppEr INCIsION Or ELONGaTEd IN dOrsOvENTraL dIrECTION; INNEr LIp vEry sLIGHTLy THICkENEd, ExpaNdEd aNd prOTrUdING; OUTEr LIp mOrE ExpaNdEd, rELaTIvELy sHarp (EspECIaLLy IN dIrECTION Of UmbILICUs); bOUNdary bETwEEN TwO LIps NOT aLways CLEarLy vIsIbLE; TwO LIps sIGNIfICaNTLy THICkENEd IN pOpULaTION 20050314A; UmbILICUs NarrOw Or rELaTIvELy NarrOw. Measurements (in mm). D = 4.5–5.3, H = 3.4–3.9 (N = 4). Operculum. TwO OpErCULa Of THE sampLE 20050313A wErE ExamINEd (FIGUrEs 65C–F). OpErCULUm ONLy sLIGHTLy CONCavE (NEarLy fLaT), THICk; ON THE OUTEr sIdE THErE Is a CLOsELy COILEd, HymEN-LIkE LOw LamELLa; INNEr sIdE NEarLy fLaT, wITH vEry sLIGHTLy ELEvaTEd CENTraL NIppLE. Variation in specimens. SOmE varIabILITy Has bEEN fOUNd IN sHELL sIzE, spIrE HEIGHT aNd THE THICkNEss Of THE pErIsTOmE. Differential diagnosis. Metalycaeus okuboi n. sp. dIffErs frOm OTHEr Metalycaeus spECIEs (mOsT sImILar IN sHapE Is M. oharai n. sp.) by THE UNUsUaL sTrUCTUrE Of THE rIbs ON R2. Dicharax robustus n. sp. LIvEs GEOGrapHICaLLy CLOsE TO M. okuboi n. sp. BEsIdEs LaCkING spIraL sTrUCTUrE ON THE wHOLE sHELL, IT maINLy dIffErs frOm M. okuboi n. sp. by THE mOrpHOLOGy Of THE rIbs aLONG THE TUbE. NamELy, D. robustus n. sp. Has a sTrONGLy dEvELOpEd, LarGE aNTErIOr CrUsT HavING T-sHapEd CrOss sECTIONaL vIEw, aNd vEry smaLL pOsTErIOr CrUsTs, wHICH fOrm NarrOw mICrOTUNNELs wITH THE waLLs Of THE aNTErIOr CrUsTs. IN CONTrasT, M. okuboi n. sp. Has bOTH CrUsTs dEvELOpEd NEarLy EqUaLLy, fOrmING a wIdE mICrOTUNNEL, aNd THE aNTErIOr CrUsT Is CUrvEd IN aNTErIOr dIrECTION. Distribution. THIs NEw spECIEs Is kNOwN frOm THrEE LOCaLITIEs IN sOUTH-EasTErN YUNNaN PrOvINCE (FIGUrE 56).Published as part of Asami, Takahiro, 2017, Revision of the Alycaeidae of China, Laos and Vietnam (Gastropoda: Cyclophoroidea) I: The genera Dicharax and Metalycaeus, pp. 1-124 in Zootaxa 4331 (1) on pages 97-98, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4331.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/100972
Metalycaeus oharai Asami 2017, n. sp.
No full textMetalycaeus oharai Páll-Gergely & Hunyadi n. sp. FIGUrEs 48C–F, 62A–B, 63C–D. Type material. HOLOTypE HNHM 99712, PGB/1 paraTypE (bOTH spECImENs Ex COLL. K. OHara), 20111019 B CHINa, GUaNGxI, HUaNjIaNGmaONaNzU ZIzHIxIaN, DaCaI XIaNG, NONGmaOsHICHaNG, 201 m, 24°45.566'N, 108°21.945'E, LEG. T. IsHIbE, K. OHara, K. OkUbO & J.U. OTaNI, 19 OCT 2011; OKA /1 paraTypE, PGB/1 paraTypE (Ex COLL. K. OkUbO), 20150220A CHINa, GUIzHOU, GUIyaNG SHI, XIfENG XIaN, YONGjING ZHEN, XIfENG XIaN, LEG. K. OkUbO 20 FEb 2015; OKA /1 paraTypE, PGB/1 paraTypE (Ex COLL. K. OHara), PGB/1 paraTypE (Ex COLL. K. OkUbO), 20090310A CHINa, HUNaN, CHENxI XIaN, HUOma ZHEN, YaNzIdONG, 455 m, 27°51.284'N, 110°15.623'E, LEG. K. OHara, K. OkUbO & J.U. OTaNI, 10 Mar 2009; PGB/1 paraTypE (Ex COLL. K. OkUbO), 20090310B CHINa, HUNaN, CHENxI XIaN, HUOma ZHEN, YaNzIdONG, bELOw raNGEr sTaTION, 158 m, 27°52.053'N, 110°15.041'E, LEG. K. OHara, K. OkUbO & J.U. OTaNI, 10 Mar 2009; JUO/1 paraTypE, OKA /1 paraTypE, PGB/1 paraTypE (Ex COLL. K. OkUbO), 20090311A CHINa, HUNaN, JINGzHOU MIaOzU DONG ZUzIzHIxIaN, HENGjIaNGqIaO XIaNG, LONGfENGyaN, 357 m, 26°27.382'N, 109°34.650'E, LEG. K. OHara, K. OkUbO & J.U. OTaNI, 11 Mar 2009; OK/1 paraTypE, 20090308A CHINa, GUIzHOU, TONGrEN SHI, YaNGTOU ZHEN, JIULONGdONG, 422 m, 27°42.527'N, 109°19.576'E, LEG. K. OHara, K. OkUbO & J.U. OTaNI, 0 8 Mar 2009; PGB/1 paraTypE (Ex COLL. K. OkUbO), 20061015 A CHINa, GUIzHOU, XIfENG XIaN, YONGjING ZHEN, XUaNTIaNdONG, 1342 m, 27°07.286'N, 106°45.376'E, LEG. K. OkUbO 15 OCT 2006; JUO/10 paraTypEs, OKA /7 paraTypEs, PGB/1 paraTypE (Ex COLL. K. OkUbO), PGB/2 paraTypEs (Ex COLL. K. OHara), PGB/1 paraTypE (Ex. COLL. J.U. OTaNI), 20090307A CHINa, GUIzHOU, SHICHENG XIaN, GaNxI XIaNG, HUayaNdONG, NO GPS rECOrd, LEG. K. OHara, K. OkUbO & J.U. OTaNI, 0 7 Mar 2009; JUO/4 paraTypEs, OKA /3 paraTypEs, PGB/1 paraTypE (Ex COLL. K. OkUbO), 20090307B CHINa, GUIzHOU, ZHENyUaN XIaN, WUyaNG ZHEN, SITE NO. 1, WUyaNGHE SCENIC DIsTrICT, 489 m, 27°03.522'N, 108°18.683'E, LEG. K. OHara, K. OkUbO & J.U. OTaNI, 0 7 Mar 2009; JUO/1 paraTypE, OK/3 paraTypEs, PGB/1 paraTypE (Ex COLL. K. OkUbO), PGB/1 paraTypE (Ex COLL. K. OHara), 20090306A CHINa, GUIzHOU, HUaNGpING XIaN, FEIyUNdaxIaGU, 803 m, 26°55.116'N, 108°01.787'E, LEG. K. OHara, K. OkUbO & J.U. OTaNI, 0 6 Mar 2009; HA/1 paraTypE, 2013/7 CHINa, GUaNGxI, HECHI SHI, NaNdaN XIaN, CLIffs SE Of EN CUN, 630 m, 25°04.163'N, 107°36.176'E, LEG. A. HUNyadI & M. SzEkErEs, 11 SEp 2013; HA/18 paraTypEs, 2013/6 CHINa, GUaNGxI, HECHI SHI, Bama XIaN, CLIffs NEar JIaOLE CUN, 590 m, 24°7.045'N, 107°7.847'E, LEG. A. HUNyadI & M. SzEkErEs, 10 SEp 2013; PGB/1 paraTypE (Ex COLL. K. OkUbO), PGB/1 paraTypE (Ex COLL. K. OHara), 20060715A CHINa, GUaNGxI, BamayaOzU ZIzHIxIaN, JIaOyUETIaNkENG, 285 m, 24°06.92707'N, 107°06.81754'E, LEG. Y. NakaHara, K. OHara, K. OkUbO & J.U. OTaNI, 15 JULy 2006; PGB/2 paraTypEs (Ex COLL. K. OHara), 20111023 E CHINa, GUaNGxI, DaHUayaOzU ZIzHIxIaN, LImING XIaNG, HONGjUNyaN, 255 m, 23°48.374'N, 107°31.455'E, LEG. T. IsHIbE, K. OHara, K. OkUbO & J.U. OTaNI, 23 OCT 2011; OK/1 paraTypE (wEaTHErEd sHELL), 20111023 F CHINa, GUaNGxI, PINGGUO XIaN, DUIwEI XIaNG, GUIyaN, 102 m, 23°41.580'N, 107°49.879'E, LEG. T. IsHIbE, K. OHara, K. OkUbO & J.U. OTaNI, 23 OCT 2011; HA/11 paraTypEs, 2013/27 CHINa, GUaNGxI, CHONGzUO SHI, LONGzHOU XIaN, WUdE XIaNG, CLIffs S Of QUNHE CUN, 370 m, 22°34.851'N, 106°46.024'E, LEG. A. HUNyadI & M. SzEkErEs, 24 SEp 2013. Additional material. SMF 39304 /4, S. HUNaN, CHINa, COLL. MöLLENdOrff; SMF 201257 /5, CHINa, HUNaN, COLL. JaECkEL; SMF 39305 /116 (mIxEd sampLE wITH Dicharax cristatus: SMF 346400), HUNaN, CHINa, COLL. MöLLENdOrff; SMF 50013 /2, HUNaN, CHINa, COLL. MöLLENdOrff, SMF 39241 /11; CHINa, HUNaN, COLL. NaEGELE; NHMUK 1891.3.17.781–783/3, CHINa, HUNaN, LEG. HUNGErfOrd; NHMUK 20150488 /4, HUNaN; NHMW 75000 /E/35976/3, CHINa, PrOvINz HUNaN, COLL. EdLaUEr Ex COLL. BLUmE; MNHN IM-2012-27034 /2, YUNaN (prObabLy ErrONEOUs LOCaLITy, IT COULd bE HUNaN), COLL. LETELLIEr; MNHN IM-2012-27033 /2, HUNaN, COLL. JOUssEaUmE; SMF 39244 /6, CHINa, S. HUNaN, COLL. MöLLENdOrff; SMF 109788 /2, CHINa: HUNaN, COLL. K.L. PfEIffEr Ex COLL. JETsCHIN Ex COLL. MöLLENdOrff 1907 Ex COLL. ObErwImmEr; NHMW 111544 /5, HUNaN; NHMW 71640 /O/11690/5, HUNaN, COLL. ObErwImmEr, Ex COLL. MUs. SENCkENbErG; NHMW 71770 /R/16/2, HUNaN, COLL. RUšNOv Ex COLL. BLUmE; NHMW 71640 /O/8090/5, HUNaN, COLL. OvErwImmEr Ex COLL. MöLLENdOrff; NHMUK 20150489 /3, HUNaN (?), CHINa, E.R. SykEs COLL. 1954. Etymology. THIs NEw spECIEs Is dEdICaTEd TO aNd NamEd afTEr OUr frIENd, KENjI OHara, wHO prOvIdEd maNy sHELL spECImENs fOr THIs rEvIsION. Diagnosis. A mEdIUm sIzEd spECIEs wITH vEry LONG R2 HavING TypICaL Metalycaeus -TypE rIbs, a bLUNT swELLING ON R3 aNd a rOUNdEd apErTUrE. Description of the type series. SHELL (FIGUrE 62A) yELLOwIsH IvOry; spIrE ELEvaTEd, bOdy wHOrL rOUNdEd; prOTOCONCH (FIGUrE 63C–D) ELEvaTEd, CONsIsTING Of 1.5 wHOrLs, fINELy spIraLLy sTrIaTEd; THE fOLLOwING 1.75 wHOrLs rEGULarLy rIbbEd, rIbs sHarp aNd bECOmING sTrONGEr fOrward; R1 wITH CLEarLy vIsIbLE, fINE spIraL LINEs rEsULTING IN a rETICULaTEd sUrfaCE; TraNsITION bETwEEN R1 aNd R2 smOOTH, rIbs ON R2 (FIGUrEs 48C–F) abOUT 2–3 TImEs mOrE dENsELy arraNGEd as IN R1, rIbs vEry sHarp aNd HIGH; CrOss sECTIONaL vIEw Of R2 was ExamINEd IN ONE spECImEN frOm THE TypE LOCaLITy: aNTErIOr CrUsT fOrms a rELaTIvELy LOw, sHarp, HOLLOw rIb; aNTErIOr CrUsT fOLds OvEr THE mUCH wEakEr pOsTErIOr CrUsT wITH a sTrONGLy dEvELOpEd prOjECTION; pOsTErIOr CrUsT NOT, Or vEry sLIGHTLy HOLLOw; CrOss sECTIONaL vIEw Of mICrOTUNNEL HEmIspHErICaL, dIamETEr rELaTIvELy LarGE COmparEd wITH sIzEs Of CrUsTs; R2 aNd R3 sLIGHTLy LEss THaN a HaLf wHOrL COmbINEd; THEIr bOUNdary NOT CONspICUOUs; R2 aNd R3 sEparaTEd by a sLIGHT CONsTrICTION; R3 wITH a bLUNT swELLING IN THE mIddLE; R3 IrrEGULarLy rIbbEd, rIb dENsITy sImILar TO THaT THE ENd Of R1; apErTUrE rOUNdEd; OUTEr pErIsTOmE ExpaNdEd, sLIGHTLy rEfLECTEd, wITH sECONdary wIdENING IN dIrECTION Of UmbILICUs; INNEr LIp sIGNIfICaNTLy THICkENEd; bOUNdary bETwEEN TwO LIps vIsIbLE, bUT NOT CONspICUOUs. Measurements (in mm). D = 4.1–5.2, H = 3.0–3.5 (N = 19). Operculum. THE OUTEr sUrfaCE Of THE OpErCULUm was ExamINEd IN a sINGLE spECImEN (20111019 B); IT Is GLOssy, NO ELEvaTEd LamELLa Is vIsIbLE, bUT THE mULTIspIraL sTrUCTUrE Is CLEarLy rECOGNIsabLE. THE INNEr sUrfaCE COULd NOT bE ExamINEd. Variation in specimens. CONsIdErING THE LarGE dIsTrIbUTIONaL arEa Of THIs spECIEs, THE varIabILITy bETwEEN pOpULaTIONs Is raTHEr LOw, aNd vIsIbLE mOsTLy IN THE spIrE HEIGHT aNd THE THICkNEss Of THE pErIsTOmE. SEE aLsO REmarks UNdEr M. rathouisianus. Differential diagnosis. Metalycaeus oharai n. sp. dIffErs frOm M. heudei n. sp. by THE absENCE Of THE swELLING ON R3. Metalycaeus oharai n. sp. dIffErs frOm M. muciferus by THE LONGEr R2 aNd THE prEsENCE Of a CONsTrICTION aT THE bOrdEr Of R1 aNd R2. THE smaLLEr M. rathouisianus Has UsUaLLy a sHOrTEr R2, Has LEss rEfLECTEd OUTEr LIp aNd mOrE THICkENEd INNEr LIp. MOrEOvEr, THE rIbs ON R3 arE dENsEr IN M. rathouisianus. SEE aLsO UNdEr M. latecostatus aNd Dicharax dolichodeiros. Distribution: Metalycaeus oharai n. sp. Is kNOwN frOm wEsTErN GUaNGxI, EasTErN GUIzHOU aNd wEsTErN HUNaN prOvINCEs (FIGUrE 57). Remarks. SEE REmarks UNdEr M. rathouisianus.Published as part of Asami, Takahiro, 2017, Revision of the Alycaeidae of China, Laos and Vietnam (Gastropoda: Cyclophoroidea) I: The genera Dicharax and Metalycaeus, pp. 1-124 in Zootaxa 4331 (1) on pages 93-96, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4331.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/100972
Dicharax robustus Asami 2017, n. sp.
No full text<i>Dicharax robustus</i> Páll-Gergely & Hunyadi, n. sp. <p>FIGUrEs 19C, 29A–B, 45.</p> <p> <b>Type material.</b> HOLOTypE HNHM 99704, HNHM 99726 /1 (fIGUrEd paraTypE, Ex COLL. K. OHara), OK/19 paraTypEs + 1 jUvENILE sHELL (NOT paraTypE), PGB/2 paraTypEs (Ex COLL. K. OHara), <b>20000319</b> CHINa, YUNNaN, KUNmING SHI, YUqIqU, BIjIaNsHaN, GUaNyINsI (TEmpLE), apprOxImaTE GPS daTa: 24°16.271'N, 102°49.726'E, LEG. K. OHara; HA/3 paraTypEs, <b>2011/5</b> CHINa, YUNNaN, YUxI SHI, CHENGjIaNG XIaN, LUCHONG CUN, 1778 m, 24°33.842'N, 102°50.614'E, LEG. A. HUNyadI, 18 Mar 2011.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> THIs NEw spECIEs Is NamEd afTEr ITs rObUsT appEaraNCE.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> A mEdIUm sIzEd spECIEs wITH ELEvaTEd spIrE, LONG R2, mOdEraTELy LONG R3, bLUNT swELLING ON R3, aNd rELaTIvELy LONG dIsTaNCE bETwEEN THE TwO LIps Of THE pErIsTOmE. THE CrOss sECTION Of rIbs Of R2 arE T-sHapEd, THEIr TOps aLmOsT rEaCH EaCH OTHEr fOrmING TUNNELs bETwEEN THE rIbs.</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> SHELL (FIGUrE 19C) Off-wHITE, aLTHOUGH mOsT avaILabLE sHELLs Had brOwNIsH-rEddIsH dIrT bETwEEN THEIr rIbs; spIrE ELEvaTEd, sHELL OUTLINE rOUNdEd frOm dOrsaL vIEw, bOdy wHOrL rOUNdEd; prOTOCONCH (FIGUrEs 29A– B) CONsIsTs Of apprOxImaTELy 2 wHOrLs, bUT bOUNdary bETwEEN prOTOCONCH aNd R1 NOT vIsIbLE CLEarLy IN aNy Of ExamINEd spECImENs, aLTHOUGH wE ExamINEd INTaCT (NOT wEaTHErEd) sHELLs; prOTOCONCH NOrmaLLy ELEvaTEd (NOT HIGHEr Or LOwEr THaN wHaT wOULd bE ExpECTEd frOm THE OvEraLL sHELL sHapE), IT Is maTTE, wITHOUT aNy NOTabLE sCULpTUrE; R1 apprOxImaTELy 1.5 wHOrLs IN LENGTH, rEGULarLy rIbbEd; IN frEsH sHELLs rIbs sHarp aNd sTrONGLy CUrvEd TOwards apErTUrE; TraNsITION bETwEEN R1 aNd R2 vEry CONspICUOUs bECaUsE R2 mUCH mOrE dENsEr rIbbEd THaN prECEdING arEa; R2 vEry dENsELy rIbbEd (FIGUrEs 45A–C); CrOss sECTIONaL vIEw Of R2 was ExamINEd IN TwO spECImENs (FIGUrEs 45D, 68B): aNTErIOr CrUsT fOrms a sIGNIfICaNTLy ELEvaTEd, sTrONG HOLLOw rIb, wHICH Has THE aNTErIOr aNd pOsTErIOr prOjECTIONs Of abOUT THE samE LENGTH; THIs rEsULTs IN T-sHapEd CrOss sECTIONaL vIEw; aNTErIOr CrUsT fOLds OvEr THE mUCH wEakEr pOsTErIOr CrUsT, wHICH Is NOT HOLLOw; mICrOTUNNEL NarrOw COmparEd TO rIbs, ITs CrOss sECTIONaL vIEw dEfOrmEd TEardrOp-sHapEd; R2 aNd R3 apprOxImaTELy 110 dEGrEEs TOGETHEr; R2 sOmEwHaT LONGEr THaN R3; R2 aNd R3 sEparaTEd by CONspICUOUs CONsTrICTION; R3 raTHEr IrrEGULarLy wrINkLEd; wrINkLEs apprOxImaTELy as dENsE as rIbs aT ENd Of R1; R3 wITH a bLUNT swELLING ON ITs mIddLE; apErTUrE rOUNdEd wITH sLIGHT UppEr INCIsION; pErIsTOmE rOUNdEd, NOT CrENULaTEd; INNEr LIp vEry sLIGHTLy THICkENEd, ExpaNdEd aNd prOTrUdING; pOsTErIOr LIp aLsO sLIGHTLy ExpaNdEd, rELaTIvELy sHarp, aTTaCHEd TO OUTEr LIp aT COLUmELLar rEGION, bUT bOUNdary bETwEEN TwO LIps CLEarLy vIsIbLE HErE as wELL; dIsTaNCE bETwEEN INNEr aNd OUTEr LIps bECOmEs LarGEr aT THE paLaTaL rEGION; UmbILICUs NarrOw.</p> <p> <b>Measurements (in mm).</b> D = 4.4–4.7, H = 3.3–3.6 (N = 4).</p> <p> <b>Operculum.</b> THE OUTEr sUrfaCE Of THE OpErCULa Of sEvEraL spECImENs was ExamINEd: IT Is mULTIspIraL wITHOUT ELEvaTEd LamELLa.</p> <p> <b>Variation in specimens.</b> NO NOTabLE varIabILITy was fOUNd wITHIN aNd bETwEEN pOpULaTIONs.</p> <p> <b>Differential diagnosis.</b> THIs NEw spECIEs Is mOrE sTrONGLy bUILT OvEraLL THaN <i>Dicharax alticola</i> <b>n. sp.</b> MOrEOvEr, IT Has a LarGEr sHELL, a mOrE ELEvaTEd spIrE, dENsEr rIbs ON R2, aNd THE swELLING ON R3 Is sHarpEr, aNd sITUaTEd CLOsEr TO THE apErTUrE. <i>Dicharax robustus</i> <b>n. sp.</b> Has a mOrE ELEvaTEd spIrE, THICkEr pErIsTOmE, sHOrTEr R3 aNd LONGEr R2 THaN THE NEIGHbOUrING pOpULaTIONs Of <i>D. cristatus</i>. MOrEOvEr, THE swELLING ON R2 Is sITUaTEd mUCH CLOsEr TO THE pErIsTOmE IN <i>D. robustus</i> <b>n. sp.</b> THE mOsT sImILar spECIEs TO <i>D. robustus</i> N. sp Is THE BUrmEsE <i>Dicharax vestitus</i> (BLaNfOrd, 1862) (maTErIaL ExamINEd: MOdITOUNG, NHMUK 1906.04.0 4.53, HOLOTypE), THaT dIffErs frOm THE NEw spECIEs by HavE HavING smOOTHEr R1, sHOrTEr R2, aNd THE OUTEr pErIsTOmE Is NOT ExpaNdEd, bUT TUrNs IN THE dIrECTION Of THE INNEr pErIsTOmE. SEE UNdEr <i>Metalycaeus okuboi</i> <b>n. sp.</b></p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> THIs NEw spECIEs Is kNOwN frOm TwO LOCaLITIEs IN THE EasTErN parT Of THE CHINEsE YUNNaN PrOvINCE. THE dIsTaNCE bETwEEN THE TwO sITEs Is apprOxImaTELy 32 km (FIGUrE 7).</p>Published as part of <i>Asami, Takahiro, 2017, Revision of the Alycaeidae of China, Laos and Vietnam (Gastropoda: Cyclophoroidea) I: The genera Dicharax and Metalycaeus, pp. 1-124 in Zootaxa 4331 (1)</i> on pages 70-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4331.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/1009725">http://zenodo.org/record/1009725</a>
A New T‐wave Frequency Based Index for Discrimination of Abnormal Repolarization
No full textAim of the present study was to propose an innovative TCE10 index (defined as the T-wave cumulative normalized energy at 10 Hz, in %) as a useful tool to characterize the T wave in terms of its frequency content, and to test the TCE10 ability to discriminate abnormal cases of repolarization. To this aim, ECG recordings (X, Y, Z leads and vector-magnitude signal, VMS) of 23 control healthy (CH) subjects and 23 antero-septal acute myocardial infarction (ASAMI) patients were analysed. Abnormal repolarization was identified when TCE10 was below a threshold value, defined as the 25th percentile of the TCE10 distribution over the CH population. Results indicate that the ASAMI population was characterized by lower TCE10 values than the CH population (X: 93.9 +/- 5.9% vs. 98.2 +/- 1.2%; Y: 95.2 +/- 4.5% vs. 97.8 +/- 1.4%; Z: 97.4 +/- 1.6% vs. 99.1 +/- 1.5%; VMS: 95.7 +/- 2.8% vs. 97.9 +/- 1.3%; P<0.01). Moreover, the ASAMI patients were discriminated from the CH subjects with a lead-independent specificity of 74% and a lead-dependent sensitivity of 78%, 61%, 87% and 57% for lead X, Y, Z and VMS, respectively. In conclusion, compared to the CH subjects, the ASAMI patients show increased high-frequency spectral energy and were discriminated from the former with satisfactory values of sensibility and specificity
観光地域づくりによる地域再生の評価に関する研究 : ドミニカ共和国プエルトプラタ県の事例
No full textCommunity development through tourism has attracted much attention from both practitioners and scholars. Tourism is believed to be able to rejuvenate deteriorating local communities through positive economic effects; particularly, it has the potential to revitalize local economies. However, tourism alone cannot improve communities because many issues hamper the management of community development and evaluation of its sustainability. This study examines the strategic planning of community development through tourism in Puerto Plata, the Dominican Republic, where an international cooperation project by the Japanese International Cooperation Agency was started in November 2009. We use a tentative evaluation methodology based on the nature of balance sheet to determine the potential of communities and outcomes of the development
観光地域における非営利・営利組織のガバナンスと協働モデルにかんする研究 : 北海道弟子屈町の事例分析から
No full textThis paper discusses the destination governance formed by diverse players in tourism destinations. The case in Teshikaga-cho in Hokkaido was studied as it relates to the collaboration of non-profit and profit organizations. The author interviewed the key actors and reviewed the related documents. The results of this study indicate that the formation of destination governance was mainly initiated and led by non-profit organizations. Furthermore, a collaborative relationship was observed between non-profit and profit organizations, which is described by the simple relationship model. This is likely to be an excellent case for the formation of destination governance and the development of sustainable tourism for tourism destinations
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