65 research outputs found
Sharp thermal transition in the forearc mantle wedge as a consequence of nonlinear mantle wedge flow
No full textAuthor Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2011. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Geophysical Research Letters 38 (2011): L13308, doi:10.1029/2011GL047705.In the forearc mantle wedge, the thermal field depends strongly on slab-driven mantle wedge flow. The flow is in turn affected by the thermal field via the temperature dependence of mantle rheology. Using thermal modeling, we show that the nonlinear feedback between the thermal and flow fields always leads to complete stagnation of the mantle wedge over a shallow, weakened part of the slab-mantle interface and an abrupt onset of mantle flow further down-dip. The abrupt increase in flow velocity leads to a sharp thermal transition from a cold stagnant to a hot flowing part of the wedge. This sharp thermal transition is inherent to all subduction zones, explaining a commonly observed sharp arc-ward increase in seismic attenuation.This research was partially supported by
National Science Foundation through a MARGINS postdoctoral fellowship
(NSF OCE‐0840800) and by Natural Environment Research Council
Tra esotismo ed eroismo. Bartolomeo Balbi e lo sviluppo dell’immagine del Giappone in Italia durante la prima metà del Novecento
No full textBartolomeo Balbi (1874-1961) was an Italian army officer and japanologist, who served as an attaché at the Italian Embassy in Tokyo, taught Japanese language at the University of Naples, and started a publishing house that issued several fiction and non-fiction books on Japan from the 1910s to the 1950s – among them, the novels of the pseudo-Japanese author Myū Tsubaki, pen name of the Italian writer Attilia Pozzi (1876-1938). This essay reconstructs Balbi’s life and publishing activity, exploring the structure and functioning of Japanese studies in the first half of the 20th century, and the transformations of the West’s exotic and heroic image of Japan in the 1905-45 period
(De)Constructing Borders. Japanese Contemporary Literature and Translation in the Global Context
No full textIn this paper I try to focus on the concept of “untranslatability” and to apply it to the works of four representative Japanese contemporary writers: the globally renowned author Murakami Haruki (b.1949), but also scarcely translated authors such as Toh EnJoe (b.1972), Tawada Yōko (b.1960), Mizumura Minae (b. 1951). Employing the theoretical approach of the most recent developments in Translation Studies – especially Emily Apter’s works – I try to put into discussion the importance of translation and the value of concepts like “national/global/border-crossing” in the context of contemporary Japanese literature
Affidavit of support by Albert R. Akiyama for Taneo Akiyama
No full textCopy of Affidavit of Support written by Albert R. Akiyama swearing to pay travel expenses, receive and support Midori Akiyama, Tokuko, and Ikuko Akiyama so that they qualify for visas and entry into United States. Handwriting at top reads: For personal File, Taneo, Copy Keep.The Akiyama’s owned the Florin Fish Store until it was burned down during their WWII incarceration. Their four sons went to Japan for further education as teenagers and one was conscripted into the Imperial military. After December 7, 1941 Mr. Akiyama was detained by the FBI in Crystal City, Texas. Mrs. Akiyama and her three sons were forcefully evacuated to Fresno Assembly Center, Jerome incarceration camp and then to Crystal City to join Mr. Akiyama. In December 1945 the family repatriated to Japan and were reunited in Sacramento after six years in Japan. Part of the Japanese American Archival Collection
Program Contents for Social Work Education and Training in Palliative and End-of-Life Care
No full textソーシャルワークの実践領域は多様であり，終末期ケアもその一つである．各領域にはその特性を踏まえた知識とスキルがあり，それらを習得するための教育が必要である．しかし，終末期ケアの領域で実践するために必要な教育は，米国においても始まって日が浅い．終末期をどう生きるかは，すべての人の達成課題であるが，我が国では団塊の世代の高齢化という問題に直面しており，支援の機会は増えている．終末期ケアは，多職種から成るチームによって担われることが多い．ソーシャルワークの専門性は，終末期の生活の質をなるべく高いものにするための援助に，他のどの専門職よりも適しているはずである．そのために必要な知識とスキルを効果的に獲得するためには，現場での経験のみに頼るのではなく，良い教育プログラムを構築することが必要である．そのような教育プログラムを構築するための要件を探ることを目的として，主に米国における終末期ケア教育に関連する文献を整理した．departmental bulletin pape
Application of Satellite Earth Observation for Improving the Implementation of Multilateral Environmental Agreements
No full textThis chapter introduces the potential of satellite Earth Observation (EO) as a tool for improving the implementation of Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs). It provides the technical and legal characteristics of EO and discusses the unique advantages of EO in collecting the environmental information which is a key for effective implementation of MEAs. It also studies the challenges and future steps for application of EO into MEAs process. Emerging trends and recent initiatives are introduced for reader’s future consideration. By showing the issues surrounding such an application, author hopes to contribute to the further promotion of EO application to the effective implementation of MEAs.</jats:p
Crossing the borders of the phenomenal world: Buddhist doctrine as a literary device in Kōda Rohan’s early works
No full text要旨
本稿では、幸田露伴の作品と仏教との関わりを考察する。特に、『法華
経』、『般若心経』など、東アジアの大乗仏教の主な経典から、小説家
露伴はどのようなモチーフを取り入れ、それらの経典からインスピレー
ションを受けて彼の初期小説にどのような女性像が描かれたのかを検討
する。更に、露伴の他の著作、エッセイなども考慮に入れつつ、『風流
佛』という小説の譬喩的解釈を示す。『風流佛』の主人公珠運の美の
探究と、その探求を妨げるかのような珠運の初恋というプロットの展
開が、著者の思想の変遷においてどのような意義を持つかを検討し、
坪内逍遥などが小説の革新を唱えていた過渡的な時期の文壇に露伴は
どのような貢献を与えようとしていたかを明らかにする試みである。This paper attempts to present the literary personality of the novelist and exegete Kōda Rohan (pseudonym of Kōda Shigeyuki, 1867–1947) in the cultural
context of modernity. Behind the façade of old-style literatus, Kōda Rohan strives to seize the opportunity to reform the concept of fiction in his own way. His goal is that of proposing an alternative model of fiction that is distinctively unique in comparison to a sheer imitation of Western culture, particularly in its romantic stances. The main device he employs to pursue his goal at an early stage is a coherent and thoughtful reliance to the view of the doctrinal foundations of East-Asian philosophies as a literary theme. Rohan’s case is exemplary in that his wide reliance on (and almost constant allusions to) pivotal Buddhist concepts as literary technique offer an allegory for the new significance that its author attributes to the creative process behind writing fiction at a time of reform and change. Moreover, in his early work, Rohan’s preoccupation over presenting a view of Romanticism more coherent with his own’s cultural asset was also at stake.
By means of a thorough rethinking of the broader significance of key philosophical concepts in Rohan’s early fiction, I shall present concrete examples to back
up the view that the heavy reliance on Buddhist doctrine informing Rohan’s first attempts at literary creation conceals an eminently modern interpretation of the
main stances of Japanese pre-modern culture, which testifies to the author’s relevance as a modern thinker
'Found: Beachcombing in Orkney, Volumes I & II' on BBC2 Scotland.:Programme Title: 'Roads Less Travelled - Sutherland, Caithness and Orkney, an Adventure Show Special, Part 2'
No full textPhotographs from the books ‘Found: Beachcombing in Orkney', Volumes I & II, were featured on the BBC 2 Scotland programme 'Roads Less Travelled - Sutherland, Caithness and Orkney, an Adventure Show Special Special, Part 2' on 28th December, 2016. The programme is about Cameron McNeish, the Scottish outdoor specialist, exploring lesser-known aspects of the Highlands and six Orkney Islands. On one of the Orkney Islands, he talked to Keith Allardyce, a photographer and former lighthouse keeper turned beachcomber, and the author of the books ‘Found: Beachcombing in Orkney, Volumes I & II
Induction of larval metamorphosis in the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus by neurotransmitters
No full textLarval metamorphosis inducers of the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus were screened from physiologically active compounds. Doliolaria larvae completed their metamorphosis to juveniles in 120 hours when treated with 5-10 μM of dopamine and L-DOPA, and 50 μM of L-adrenaline and L-noradrenaline. Doliolaria larvae had to be exposed to dopamine or L-DOPA for at least 24 h. D1-like dopamine receptor antagonists SKF87566 and LE300 (10 μM) inhibited metamorphosis by dopamine. However, the D2-like dopamine receptor antagonists sulpiride and nemonapride (10 μM) did not inhibit the effect of dopamine. The results suggest that D1-like dopamine receptors are involved in larval metamorphosis of the sea cucumber A. japonicus
Influence of the pattern size of micropatterned scaffolds on cell morphology, proliferation, migration and F-actin expression
No full textTo determine how the three-dimensional (3D) shape of scaffolds influences cell functions, 3D micropatterned scaffolds of various sizes were fabricated on a silicon substrate. The micropatterns were equilateral triangular pores with 3-20 mu m long sides, and all had the same pore ratio (total pore area per unit area) and depth. The patterns only differed in terms of their 2D size. Such scaffolds have not been previously generated, and thus the effects of pattern size on cell functions have not been addressed. NIH-3T3 cells were cultured on these micropatterned scaffolds, and their morphology, proliferation rate, migration rate, and level of F-actin expression were assessed. Cells became more rounded and F-actin expression decreased as the pattern size of the scaffold decreased. Relationships were also demonstrated between pattern size and cell proliferation and migration. These results suggest that the pattern size of 3D micropatterned scaffolds affects the level of mechanical stress that cells experience, and thereby influences F-actin expression, cell morphology, cell proliferation and cell migration
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