91 research outputs found
"Free men name themselves": Cape Verdeans in Massachusetts negotiate race, 1900-1980
No full textThis project is about what it has meant to be "black" in twentieth century New England for immigrants from the African Diaspora. In this study, I document the experiences of Cape Verdeans in Massachusetts with brief comparative references to Caribbean immigrants. Specifically, their notions of identity and responses to US socio-cultural beliefs regarding race and immigration are examined during the period 1900-1980. I argue that the consistent choice of most Cape Verdean immigrants to reject the US racial binary by defining themselves as exactly "Cape Verdean" versus "black" or "white" represented a form of strategic resistance--both informal and organized--to both the colonial forces in their homeland and the racist and nativist impulses in their new home abroad. Their choices stood in sharp contrast to the overwhelmingly popular choice of most Caribbeans who for the most part adhered to the Garvey-inspired Black Nationalist strategies of racial protest reflecting differences in the two sets of immigrants' colonial pasts and ideological influences. Practical differences in terms of class, language, phenotype, literacy and culture--i.e. religion also helped shape these foreigners' responses and their attendant identity politics. The dissertation is grounded in traditional African-American history and historiographical arguments as well as African Diaspora theory. As members of overlapping diasporas, Cape Verdean immigrants' inability to choose either one identity or another stemmed from the fact that their heritage reflected a m�lange of influences, both African and European, simultaneously interacting in the form of multiple, interlocked subjectivities. Within the realm of these overlapping diasporas, the construct of race was not the penultimate marker of one's identity; rather, in keeping with African tradition, one's identity was shaped more by family name or clan. The varied choices made by Cape Verdean and Caribbean immigrants regarding racial affiliation reflects the diversity of experiences in the African Diaspora and within the so-called "black" population of the United States. Thus telling this history represents a challenge to African-American essentialism and pushes the boundaries of African-American history to include little known ethnic groups of people of African descent like the Cape Verdeans of the New England region.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical references (p. 148-158)by Aminah Nailah Pilgri
Strategi Penanggulangan DRPs, Peningkatan Otcome Klinis dan Kualitas Hidup Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Tebing Tinggi
No full textKejadian Drug related problems (DRPs) pada pengobatan DM Tipe 2 mempengaruhi outcome klinis, pengendalian Kadar glukosa darah (KGD), morbiditas, mortalitas dan cost of illness (COI). Edukasi farmasi merupakan strategi yang tepat dalam penanggulangan kejadian DRPs pada pasien DM tipe 2 untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup (QOL), mencegah terjadinya komplikasi, menurunkan jumlah kematian dini serta menurunkan biaya pengobatan
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengevaluasi kejadian DRPs, mengetahui karakteristik pasien DM Tipe 2, mengetahui penggunaan obat DM Tipe 2, mengetahui pengaruh edukasi terhadap jumlah kejadian DRPs, outcome klinis KGD, QOL, COI dan kepatuhan pasien DM tipe 2 di RSUD Tebing Tinggi.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analitik cohort-studi prospektif sebelum dan sesudah edukasi terhadap pasien rawat jalan yang menderita DM tipe 2 di RSUD Tebing Tinggi periode Maret-Agustus 2018. Identifikasi kejadian DRPs menggunakan instrumen pharmaceutical care network europe (PCNE) V8. Kualitas hidup (QOL) pasien diukur menggunakan kuesioner short form (SF)-36 dan kepatuhan pasien minum obat menggunakan kuesioner Morisky. Pengukuran dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah edukasi, kemudian hasil pengukuran dibandingkan dengan menggunakan chi square paired t-test dan uji wilcoxon dalam program SPSS V22.0.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan usia rata-rata pasien DM Tipe 2 tersebut adalah 61,96 ± 6,45 (tahun), jenis kelamin perempuan lebih banyak (66,7%) dibandingkan dengan pasien laki-laki. Penggunaan antidiabetes yang paling banyak sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan edukasi adalah metformin 500 mg yaitu sebanyak 1444 tablet (47,3%) dan 1672 tablet (46,1%). Kejadian DRPs rata-rata sebelum dan sesudah edukasi terjadi penurunan secara signifikan dari 2,87 ± 0,76 menjadi 0,89 ± 0,96 (p = 0,001). Kualitas hidup rata-rata pasien sebelum edukasi adalah 61,08 ± 15,13, sesudah edukasi terjadi peningkatan yang signifikan menjadi 70,15 ± 14,23 (p = 0,001). Kadar glukosa darah adrandom rata-rata terjadi penurunan yang sigfnifikan sesudah dilakukan edukasi sebanyak 37 pasien (82,20%) (p = 0,001). Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan kepatuhan minum obat yang signifikan dari 23 pasien (51%) sebelum edukasi menjadi 44 pasien (98%) sesudah dilakukan edukasi (p = 0,001). Jumlah biaya/pasien/kunjungan rata-rata sesudah edukasi terjadi penurunan sebesar Rp. 43,- (1,24%) (p = 0,14). Hasil ini membuktikan bahwa edukasi farmasi yang dilakukan menurunkan secara bermakna kejadian DRPs dan KGD ad random dan meningkatkan kepatuhan pasien dan QOLDrug related problems (DRPs) in the therapy of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) affect the clinical outcome, control of blood glucose levels (BGL), morbidity, mortality and cost of illness (COI). Pharmaceutical educations is the right strategy in overcoming the incidennce of DRPs in T2DM patients to improve the quality of life (QOL), prevent complications, reduce the number of premature deaths and health care costs.
The purpose of this study was to identify and evaluate the incidence of DRPs, determine the characteristics of T2DM patients, find out the use of antihyperglycemic drugs, determine the effect of education on the number of DRPs, clinical outcomes BGL, QOL, COI and adherence of the T2DM patients to their medicatons in Secondary Hospital in Tebing Tinggi.
This research was conducted by prospective analytical cohort-study pre and post educations to outpatients with T2DM in Secondary Hospital in Tebing Tinggi period March-August 2018. Occurence of DRPs was identified using pharmaceutical care network europe (PCNE) V8. The patients’ QOL was measured using short form (SF)-36 questionnare and patients’ adherence was assessed applying morisky questionnare. The measurements were made before and after education, then the obtained data were compared using chi square, paired t-test and wilcoxon test in the program of SPSS V22.0.
The study showed that the mean age of the T2DM patients was 61.96 ± 6.45 (years), females were more (66.7%) than males. The most widely provided antidiabetic to the patients before and after education was metformin 500 mg as many 1444 tablets (47.3%) and 1672 tablets (46.1%). The mean value of DRPs before educations were 2.87 ± 0.76 and after the educations decreased significantly to 0.89 ± 0.96 (p = 0.001). The mean QOL of the patients before and after educations were increased significantly from 61.08 ± 15.13 to 70.15 ± 14.23 (p = 0.001). The mean value of ad random BGLs decreased significantly after educations as many 37 patients (82.20%) (p = 0.001). This results also showed that the patients’ adherence before education were 23 patiens (51%), increased significantly to 44 patiens (98%) after educations (p = 0.001). The mean of cost/patient/admitted before and after education were not decreased significantly in the amount of Rp.43,- (1.24%) (p = 0.14). These results concluded that the pharmacy education strategy reduced significantly the incidence of DRPs and ad random BGL and increased patients’ compliance and QOL.98 HalamanTesis Magiste
Strategi Penanggulangan DRPs, Peningkatan Otcome Klinis dan Kualitas Hidup Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Tebing Tinggi
No full textKejadian Drug related problems (DRPs) pada pengobatan DM Tipe 2 mempengaruhi outcome klinis, pengendalian Kadar glukosa darah (KGD), morbiditas, mortalitas dan cost of illness (COI). Edukasi farmasi merupakan strategi yang tepat dalam penanggulangan kejadian DRPs pada pasien DM tipe 2 untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup (QOL), mencegah terjadinya komplikasi, menurunkan jumlah kematian dini serta menurunkan biaya pengobatan
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengevaluasi kejadian DRPs, mengetahui karakteristik pasien DM Tipe 2, mengetahui penggunaan obat DM Tipe 2, mengetahui pengaruh edukasi terhadap jumlah kejadian DRPs, outcome klinis KGD, QOL, COI dan kepatuhan pasien DM tipe 2 di RSUD Tebing Tinggi.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analitik cohort-studi prospektif sebelum dan sesudah edukasi terhadap pasien rawat jalan yang menderita DM tipe 2 di RSUD Tebing Tinggi periode Maret-Agustus 2018. Identifikasi kejadian DRPs menggunakan instrumen pharmaceutical care network europe (PCNE) V8. Kualitas hidup (QOL) pasien diukur menggunakan kuesioner short form (SF)-36 dan kepatuhan pasien minum obat menggunakan kuesioner Morisky. Pengukuran dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah edukasi, kemudian hasil pengukuran dibandingkan dengan menggunakan chi square paired t-test dan uji wilcoxon dalam program SPSS V22.0.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan usia rata-rata pasien DM Tipe 2 tersebut adalah 61,96 ± 6,45 (tahun), jenis kelamin perempuan lebih banyak (66,7%) dibandingkan dengan pasien laki-laki. Penggunaan antidiabetes yang paling banyak sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan edukasi adalah metformin 500 mg yaitu sebanyak 1444 tablet (47,3%) dan 1672 tablet (46,1%). Kejadian DRPs rata-rata sebelum dan sesudah edukasi terjadi penurunan secara signifikan dari 2,87 ± 0,76 menjadi 0,89 ± 0,96 (p = 0,001). Kualitas hidup rata-rata pasien sebelum edukasi adalah 61,08 ± 15,13, sesudah edukasi terjadi peningkatan yang signifikan menjadi 70,15 ± 14,23 (p = 0,001). Kadar glukosa darah adrandom rata-rata terjadi penurunan yang sigfnifikan sesudah dilakukan edukasi sebanyak 37 pasien (82,20%) (p = 0,001). Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan kepatuhan minum obat yang signifikan dari 23 pasien (51%) sebelum edukasi menjadi 44 pasien (98%) sesudah dilakukan edukasi (p = 0,001). Jumlah biaya/pasien/kunjungan rata-rata sesudah edukasi terjadi penurunan sebesar Rp. 43,- (1,24%) (p = 0,14). Hasil ini membuktikan bahwa edukasi farmasi yang dilakukan menurunkan secara bermakna kejadian DRPs dan KGD ad random dan meningkatkan kepatuhan pasien dan QOLDrug related problems (DRPs) in the therapy of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) affect the clinical outcome, control of blood glucose levels (BGL), morbidity, mortality and cost of illness (COI). Pharmaceutical educations is the right strategy in overcoming the incidennce of DRPs in T2DM patients to improve the quality of life (QOL), prevent complications, reduce the number of premature deaths and health care costs.
The purpose of this study was to identify and evaluate the incidence of DRPs, determine the characteristics of T2DM patients, find out the use of antihyperglycemic drugs, determine the effect of education on the number of DRPs, clinical outcomes BGL, QOL, COI and adherence of the T2DM patients to their medicatons in Secondary Hospital in Tebing Tinggi.
This research was conducted by prospective analytical cohort-study pre and post educations to outpatients with T2DM in Secondary Hospital in Tebing Tinggi period March-August 2018. Occurence of DRPs was identified using pharmaceutical care network europe (PCNE) V8. The patients’ QOL was measured using short form (SF)-36 questionnare and patients’ adherence was assessed applying morisky questionnare. The measurements were made before and after education, then the obtained data were compared using chi square, paired t-test and wilcoxon test in the program of SPSS V22.0.
The study showed that the mean age of the T2DM patients was 61.96 ± 6.45 (years), females were more (66.7%) than males. The most widely provided antidiabetic to the patients before and after education was metformin 500 mg as many 1444 tablets (47.3%) and 1672 tablets (46.1%). The mean value of DRPs before educations were 2.87 ± 0.76 and after the educations decreased significantly to 0.89 ± 0.96 (p = 0.001). The mean QOL of the patients before and after educations were increased significantly from 61.08 ± 15.13 to 70.15 ± 14.23 (p = 0.001). The mean value of ad random BGLs decreased significantly after educations as many 37 patients (82.20%) (p = 0.001). This results also showed that the patients’ adherence before education were 23 patiens (51%), increased significantly to 44 patiens (98%) after educations (p = 0.001). The mean of cost/patient/admitted before and after education were not decreased significantly in the amount of Rp.43,- (1.24%) (p = 0.14). These results concluded that the pharmacy education strategy reduced significantly the incidence of DRPs and ad random BGL and increased patients’ compliance and QOL.98 HalamanTesis Magiste
Dakwah Multikultural Islami Menuju Masyakarat Qur’aniala Islam Nusantara
No full textAbstract:
Da'wah of Islam must be continued and strengthened. Da'wah should not stop before there is an order to stop preaching. However, this da'wah should not become legitimacy and motivation to act as he pleases without censorship. Da'wah cannot be separated from the spirit of preaching. Such as Islamic da'wah. It has a clear basis. He leaned on the preaching spirit of his predecessors who were polite, full of impressive invitations.
Polite preaching, one of which has given birth to Islam Nusantara, a glorious gift from Allah. It is a very distinctive variant. Friendly and peaceful Islam. This da'wah is now being continued by Islam Nusantara as its heir. Dakwah that is thick with the spirit of da'wah, upholds the noble values of al-akhlaq al-karimah to create an Islamic Qur'anic society.
Abstrak
Dakwah Islam harus terus dilanjutkan dan dikuatkan. Dakwah tidak boleh berhenti sebelum ada komando untuk mengentikan dakwah. Namun dakwah tersebut jangan menjadi legitimasi dan motivasi untuk bersikap sesukanya tanpa sensor. Dakwah tidak bisa dipisahkan dari ruh dakwahnya. Semisal dakwah Islam. Ia memiliki dasar yang gamblang. Ia bersandar pada ruh dakwah para pendahulu yang santun, penuh ajakan yang mengesankan.
Dakwah yang santun, salah satunya telah melahirkan Islam Nusantara, anugerah Allah yang gemilang. Ia menjadi varian tersendiri yang sangat khas. Islam yang ramah dan damai. Dakwah tersebut kini diteruskan oleh Islam Nusantara sebagai pewarisnya. Dakwah yang kental dengan ruh dakwah, menjunjung tinggi nilai-nilai agung al-akhlaq al-karimah untuk mewujudkan masyarakat yang Islami Qur’ani
Focus Group Discussion on The Rationality of Using Gastritis Drugs in Patients Suffering from Osteoarthritis at The Batang Kuis Health Center
No full textIn developing countries, chronic gastritis is the most common type of gastritis with In various countries currently, chronic gastritis occupies a position as a frequently encountered gastritis disease, where the prevalence depends on geographic and socio-economic conditions. Gastritis is a type of disease that causes inflammation of the stomach mucosa. If you take osteoarthritis medicines such as NSAIDS without instructions for use, it will trigger gastrointestinal disease. Gastritis is one of the types of disease with the highest incidence rate. Age and gender factors are generally very susceptible to gastritis. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a type of arthritis that has chronic impacts and causes many public health problems. Osteoarthritis presents with many different symptoms. The aim of this PkM activity is to educate PkM participants in understanding the gastritis drug regimen that should be recommended to osteoarthritis patients and the rationale for treatment. Seminar activities are carried out using lecture and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) methods. The PkM participants were patients at the Batang Kuis Community Health Center, totaling 50 patients who were determined randomly. There were 30 male patients and 20 female patients. The questionnaire was chosen as a measuring tool to measure the success of this PkM activity. The PkM results showed that 90% or 45 PkM participants stated they were very satisfied with the rationality of using gastritis medication and there were 10% or 5 PkM participants who stated they were satisfied
Corrigendum: Embedded remote group environment through modification in MACBETH - an application of contractor’s selection in construction
No full textAli Raza Khoso, Aminah Md Yusof, Zhen-Song Chen, Xian-Jia Wang, Mirosław J. Skibniewski, Nafees Ahmed Memon, authors of the article “Embedded remote group environment through modification in MACBETH – an application of contractor’s selection in construction”, published in Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, 27(8), 595–616, https://doi.org/10.3846/jcem.2021.15763 inform that several errors occur in affiliations. The correct affiliation of the first author Ali Raza Khoso should be 1) Department of Structure and Materials, School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia and 2) Department of Civil Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering & Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan. The correct affiliation of the second author Aminah Md Yusof should be 1) Department of Structure and Materials, School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia.
The authors regret this error and would like to apologize for any inconvenience caused
Inovasi dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Islam: Efektivitas Penggunaan Fun Card sebagai Media Pembelajaran dalam Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar, Keaktifan Diri, dan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik
No full textABSTRAKSI: Proses pendidikan Islam di sekolah umum menghadapi permasalahan pedagogis dan psikologis, karena didalam proses pembelajarannya, metode yang digunakan bersifat monolog, berorientasi pada guru, membosankan, dan tidak produktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan mencari solusi secara pedagodis dan psikologis terhadap permasalahan tersebut, dengan memanfaatkan “fun card” sebagai media pembelajaran. Dengan menerapkan metode penelitian “quasi-experiment”, yang menggunakan rancangan pre-tes dan pos-tes, hasil riset menunjukan bahwa penggunaan “fun card” sebagai media pembelajaran efektif dalam meningkatkan motivasi belajar, keaktifan diri, dan hasil belajar peserta didik dalam pembelajaran PAI (Pendidikan Agama Islam) di SMA (Sekolah Menengah Atas). Secara pedagogis dan psikologis, dengan demikian, “fun card” terbukti mampu menjadikan proses pembelajaran PAI itu atraktif, hidup, dan menginspirasi bagi peserta didik dan juga bagi guru. KATA KUNCI: Fun Card; Motivasi Belajar; Keaktifan Diri; Hasil Belajar; Guru dan Murid. ABSTRACT: “Innovation in Islamic Education Learning: The Effectiveness of Fun Card as Instructional Media in Improving Students’ Learning Motivation, Self-Activeness, and Learning Outcomes”. The process of Islamic education at schools has been facing pedagogical and psychological problems, because in teaching and learning, the methods used were mostly monotonous, teacher-centered, boring, and unproductive. The research was aimed at finding solutions to the problems pedagogically and psychologically by utilizing the Fun Card as learning media. Applying a quasi-experimental method with pre-test and post-test design, the research findings indicate that the application of Fun Card as learning media was effective in improving learning motivation, self-learning activities, and learning achievement of students in the learning process of IE (Islamic Education) at SHS (Senior High School). So, the Fun Card is pedagogically and psychologically proved to be capable of making the learning process of IE attractive, lively, and inspiring to students and also teachers. KEY WORD: Fun Card; Learning Motivation; Self-Active Learning; Learning Achievement; Students and Teachers.About the Author: Siti Aminah, M.A. adalah Mahasiswi S-3 Jurusan Psikologi Pendidikan Islam pada Program Pascasarjana UMY (Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta); dan Pengawas Sekolah Madya pada Kantor Kementerian Agama Kabupaten Sleman DIY (Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta), Jalan Dr. Radjimin, Tridadi, Sleman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Alamat emel: [email protected] to cite this article? Aminah, Siti. (2016). “Inovasi dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Islam: Efektivitas Penggunaan Fun Card sebagai Media Pembelajaran dalam Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar, Keaktifan Diri, dan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik” in MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN: Jurnal Indonesia untuk Kajian Pendidikan, Vol.1(2) September, pp.201-212. Bandung, Indonesia: UPI [Indonesia University of Education] Press, ISSN 2527-3868 (print) and 2503-457X (online). Chronicle of the article: Accepted (July 3, 2016); Revised (August 19, 2016); and Published (September 30, 2016).</jats:p
The Institutional Innovation Through The Integrated Halal System In Management of Hajj Fund Investment in Indonesia
No full textThe presence of the COVID-19 disease has had an impact on the pattern of departures for the pilgrimage throughout the world, especially in Indonesia. The lockdown, PSBB, and PPKM policies have had an impact on reducing mass mobilization in the context of preventing COVID 19. The Hajj ban policy has resulted in a longer waiting list for Hajj departures. The longer the waiting list means that the Hajj funds accumulate and must be managed professionally and transparently. Law No. 34 of 2014 mandates the Hajj Fund Management Agency (BPKH) to manage the collected Hajj funds. Previously, 50% of Hajj funds were placed in Islamic banking, it is planned that in 2021 there will be changes. 30% of funds being placed in Islamic banking and 70% being invested in the Islamic investment sector, which is able to provide optimal returns. Therefore, this article was compiled with the aim of providing analysis and proposals for investment innovations that are Sharia-compliant and able to provide benefits for pilgrims who have already made Hajj payments, namely with an integrated halal system. This goal is achieved by using a literature review with Porter's diamond analysis to see the strength of the halal industry in carrying out institutional integration with BPKH. In addition, institutional analysis is also used to explore institutional patterns that should be carried out to achieve optimal management of Hajj funds. This study concludes that in the management of Hajj funds, strong institutions are needed, specifically those that have established Islamic ethics. The principles of trust and honesty are the main foundation for carrying out a halal-integrated system. In the implementation of Hajj fund investment, integration is needed between BPKH, MUI, Ministry of Industry, BPJPH, and companies that are already halal-certified. Kehadiran penyakit covid 19 telah membawa dampak pada pola pemberangkatan ibadah haji di seluruh dunia, khususnya di Indonesia. Kebijakan lock down, PSBB dan PPKM telah memberikan dampak pada berkurangnya mobilisasi massa dalam rangka pencegahan covid 19. Kebijakan pelarangan haji mengakibatkan waiting list pemberangkatan haji semakin panjang. Semakin lamanya waiting list ini menjadikan dana haji semakin mengendap dan harus dikelola secara professional dan transparan. Undang-Undang No.34 tahun 2014 telah mengamanatkan Badan Pengelola Dana Haji (BPKH) untuk melakukan pengelolaan dana haji yang telah terkumpul. Jika sebelumnya penempatan dana haji 50% berada di perbankan, maka sejak tahun 2021 ada perubahan. Penempatan dana di perbankan syariah sejumlah 30% dan 70%% diinvestasikan dalam sector investasi syariah yang mampu memberikan imbal hasil yang optimal. Maka dari itu, artikel ini disusun bertujuan untuk memberikan analisis dan usulan inovasi investasi yang sesuai syariah dan mampu memberikan manfaat bagi para jamaah haji yang sudah melakukan pembayaran haji, yaitu integrated halal system. Tujuan tersebut dicapai dengan menggunakan literature review dengan analisis diamond Porter untuk melihat kekuatan industri halal dalam melakukan integrasi kelembagaan dengan BPKH. Selain itu, analisis kelembagaan juga digunakan untuk mengeksplorasi pola kelembagaan yang seharusnya dilakukan untuk mencapai pengelolaan dana haji yang optimal. Penelitian ini memberikan hasil bahwa dalam pengelolaan dana haji dibutuhkan kelembagaan yang kuat, yaitu lembaga yang memiliki etika Islam yang mapan. Prinsip amanah dan jujur menjadi fondasi utama untuk melakukan halal integrated system. Dalam pelaksanaan investasi dana haji diperlukan integrasi antara lembaga BPKH, Kementerian Perindustrian, BPJPH dan perusahaan yang memiliki sertifikasi halal
Lotion Formulation with Papaya Seed Extract (Carica Papaya L) as a Skin Moisturizer
No full textPapaya seeds (Carica papaya L) have many vitamin contents that function to help increase immunity, fight free radicals, and also help increase skin moisture. Lotion is one of the pharmaceutical preparations in the form of beauty products that function to brighten and help increase skin moisture. In this research, a formulation of papaya seed extract will be made to become a lotion preparation that can increase skin moisture. This study tested the effectiveness of the preparation on the skin of volunteers. This study was conducted by making papaya seed extract through a maceration process using 96% ethanol, the extract was formulated in a lotion preparation in various concentrations. The resulting lotion was tested for homogeneity, pH, organoleptic, moisture and irritation on volunteers. Treatment was carried out for three days using lotion once a day. Lotion with a concentration of 3%, 5% and 7% which was homogeneous with a blank pH of 5.64, a 3% formulation pH of 5.84, a 5% formulation pH of 5.72, and a 7% formulation pH of 5.95 was found to not irritate the skin of volunteers, stable in room temperature storage. The results of the humidity test on Blanko were 43.3%, 3% formulation 45.2%, 5% formulation 49.95, 7% formulation 52.45%, and comparator 41%. The best result of the humidity test was formulation 3 with a concentration of 7% with an average value of 52.45%. Papaya seed extract can be formulated as a lotion preparation because it meets the physical test requirements of the preparation which shows that the preparation is homogeneous, the pH is stable during storage at room temperature, and does not irritate the skin. The papaya seed extract lotion preparation with a concentration of 7% provides a better humidity level effect compared to Blanko, F1 (3%), F2 (5%), F3 (7%) and also the comparator preparation
SOSIALISASI TENTANG EVALUASI DRUG RELATED PROBLEMS (DRPS) ANTIBIOTIK PADA PASIEN PNEUMONIA RAWAT INAP ANAK RSUD DELI SERDANG
No full textInfection is the most common disease in Indonesia, so antibiotic therapy is quite high. The increase in the use of antibiotics can lead to an increase in the irrational use of antibiotics. Irrational use can increase the number of bacteria resistance to antibiotics.
Drung Related Problems (DRPs) that occur in the category of under-dose drugs (4.0%), and excess drug doses (2.0%) and no DRPs (94.0%). This indicates that the pharmacist's role is important in integrating patient therapy for the occurrence of DRPs
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