1,720,955 research outputs found
ﻹﻣﺎﻡ ï³ï»¤ïºª ﺃﺑﻮ ﺯﻫﺓﺮ ï»ï»£ï»ŒïºŽï±‚ ﻓﻜﺮﻩ ïºï»Ÿïº˜ïº®ïº‘ﻮﻯ
No full textImam Muhammad Abu Zahrah (1898 – 1974) adalah salah seorangtokoh yang cukup fenomenal di Mesir pada awal abad ke 20. Keberanian danketegasannya dalam bersikap pada saat berhadapan dengan lawan bicara danlawan politiknya menjadikannya seorang tokoh sangat disegani baik olehkawan maupun lawan. Pada awalnya (tampak) ia tertarik untuk menjadi qadhi(lawyer). Hal itu terbukti dari kelanjutan studinya setelah menyelesaikantingkat menengah, dimana dia kemudian melanjutkan ke Sekolah KehakimanSyariah (Madrasatu al Qadha al Syar’i). Namun karena kecenderungan danketertarikannya kepada dunia pendidikan dan pengajaran akhirnya (setamatdari sekolah tersebut) ia justru lebih memilih profesi guru dari pada pengacara(lawyer). Dari pengalamannya menjadi tenaga pengajar (guru dan dosen)selama kurang lebih 37 tahun (1927-1964) dan dari sejumlah buku yang telahditulisnya (tidak kurang dari 56 judul buku) dapat ditemukan betapa bahwaImam Abu Zahrah ternyata memiliki teori-teori dan konsep-konseppendidikan yang sangat menarik.Dengan menganalisa data yang terkumpul dari sejumlah karya ImamAbu Zahrah secara induktif dan komparatif penulis berupaya menemukangagasan, konsep dan pemikiran-pemikiran edukatifnya.Dari upaya tersebut penulis mendapati bahwa Imam Abu Zahrahbenar-benar memiliki perhatian yang sangat tinggi terhadap dunia pendidikan.Hal itu terbukti dari sejumlah pemikiran dan pandangan edukatifnya. MenurutAbu Zahrah pendidikan adalah proses pembelajaran berkelanjutan danberkesinambungan dalam mengeksploarasi seluruh aspek kemanusiaanmanusia. Ada tiga unsur penting dalam proses tersebut, yaitu mu’allim (guru,pendidik), muta’allim (murid, anak didik) dan silabi (materi) pendidikan danpembelajaran serta metode yang tepat. Terkait unsur silabi, Abu Zahrahmenekankan pentingnya pengetahuan tentang sejarah, pengetahuan bahasaArab, dan penguasaan terhadap al Qur’an; bacaan, pemahaman danpenafsirannya. Adapun dalam hal metode pembelajaran Abu Zahrah secarategas menekankan pentingnya konsistensi dalam implementasi metode Targhibwa Tarhib; Reward and Punishment.Sebagai sosok pribadi yang unik dan menarik Imam Muhammad AbuZahrah memang layak untuk dikenali secara lebih serius dan mendalam.Semoga penelitian ini dapat menjadi awal yang baik, sekalipun bukan yangpertama, untuk penelitian lebih lanjut tentang tokoh-tokoh dalam dunia Islam
ÙÙŠ القرآن عند الرازي٠نْ ÙˆÙ ÙƒÙŽ ÙŠÙŽ Ùـْ Ù†ÙتÙسير آية Ùƒ
No full textThe incorrect understanding of the verse Kun Fayaku>nu is closely related to theological issues. Al-Razi a mufassir who prioritizes ilm kala>m, uses the method of interpretation by mentioning the thoughts of Mu’tazilah, Karamiyah, and other deviant groups, then criticizing them based on the school of ahlu al-sunnah wa al-jama>’ah. He interpreted where the purpose of the verse is the speed of the breakdown of God’s power and His will in creating creatures or carrying out something new without anyone being able to oppose Him. Al-Razi interpreted that the command to what did not yet exist was not true, because what did not yet exist was invalid as something. While Allah’s words are qadi>m, while Allah’s chanting with the word Kun is muh}dats, then the original will is passed on to the will which depends on His commands with Kun’s words
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
