126,160 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
The SWE imaging of twisted and normal testicles.
No full text<p>A: the SWE imaging of twisted testicles; B: the SWE imaging of normal testicles.</p
SROC curve of SWE in ≥F1-4 stagings (A, B, C and D) for liver fibrosis.
No full textSROC curve of SWE in ≥F1-4 stagings (A, B, C and D) for liver fibrosis.</p
Mapping 1 April SWE in the Western US Using Standardized Anomalies and Quantiles From SWE Reanalysis and In Situ Stations
No full textAbstract Real‐time estimates of peak snow water equivalent (SWE) are critical to spring runoff forecasts in snow‐dominated basins, but large uncertainties remain due to the high spatial and temporal variability of interannual peak SWE. Here we introduce new methods for calculating real‐time distributed 1 April SWE in the Western US using patterns in annual SWE anomalies, which are consistent over large regions. Our methods capitalize on the high accuracy of SWE reanalysis products by combining historical (1990–2021) 1 April SWE from a reanalysis product with real‐time point measurements from in situ snow stations to estimate current‐year 1 April SWE. First, we used a clustering algorithm to determine which regions of the Western US historically have similar SWE anomalies. Then we tested several ways to estimate 1 April SWE in the Upper Colorado River Basin (UCRB). We tested historical SWE distributions using (a) parametric and (b) nonparametric distribution assumptions, combined with current‐year observations from: (a) the geographically closest station to each grid cell, (b) the collection of stations within the same cluster as each grid cell, and (c) all stations in the UCRB. The most accurate method used a parametric distribution and the collection of stations from the same cluster. This produced distributed 1 April SWE with a median R2 of 0.64, percent bias of 0.49%, and a root mean squared error of 0.13 m compared to the SWE reanalysis data in withheld years. The methods demonstrated here could be used wherever historical gridded data and real‐time point measurements exist
Global category map of predicted total SWE distribution.
No full texta 2050s in RCP2.6, b 2090s in RCP2.6, c 2050s in RCP8.5, and d 2090s in RCP8.5. Category I: total SWE shrinks as each ecosystem shrinks; Category II: overall total SWE shrinks, but shrinkage and expansion of ecosystems are intermixed; III: total SWE is sustained because each ecosystem is sustainable; IV: total SWE is sustained because the shrinkage and expansion offset each other; V: total SWE expands but shrinkage and expansion are intermixed; VI: total SWE expands as each ecosystem expands. One ecosystem (only one species was present) was not categorized, and macroalgal beds are not included because there were no available data. The coastline data was obtained from Open Street Map (openstreetmap.org/copyright).</p
FLZ protected SH-SY5Y (APPwt/swe) cells from apoptosis.
No full text<p>SH-SY5Y (APPwt/swe) cells were grown in “stimulating medium” containing 50% DMEM, 50% Opti-MEM, 0.5% FBS, 200 µg/ml G418 and 10 mM butyric acid sodium salt for 12 h to induce the transgene expression. FLZ (0.1, 1 and 10 µM) were incubated with cells for 24 h. (A) Cell viability of SH-SY5Y (APPwt/swe) cells. (B) Apoptosis of SH-SY5Y (APPwt/swe) cells measured by flow cytometry with Annexin-V/PI staining. Bar chart is the statistical of the sum of early and late cell apoptosis. (C) Caspase-3 activity of SH-SY5Y (APPwt/swe) cells. Results were expressed as mean ± SD from 6 independent experiments. **<i>P</i><0.01 <i>vs</i>. Neo SH-SY5Y cells, <sup>#</sup><i>P</i><0.05, <sup>##</sup><i>P</i><0.01 <i>vs</i>. solvent-treated SH-SY5Y (APPwt/swe) cells.</p
Aβ and PHF-tau are reduced in retina of APP<i>swe</i>-PS1ΔE9 BMT recipient mice.
No full text<p><b>A</b>: Representative photomicrographs of Aβ deposition in non-transplanted, age-matched APP<i>swe</i>-PS1ΔE9 control retina (top, AD No Tx) or APP<i>swe</i>-PS1ΔE9 that received BMT (bottom, AD BMT) stained with anti-Aβ antibody and visualized with Cy3-conjugated secondary antibody (red). Region of inset is indicated by arrows. Scale bar = 50 µm. <b>B</b>: Quantitative analysis of Aβ immunofluorescence using a standardized digital thresholding protocol demonstrated significant reduction in retinal Aβ in BMT APP<i>swe</i>-PS1ΔE9 mice compared with non-transplanted APP<i>swe</i>-PS1ΔE9 control mice (***<i>P</i><0.001, n = 6, student's <i>t</i> test). <b>C</b>: Representative photomicrographs of PHF-tau immunofluorescence in retinal ganglion cell layer (RGCL) (arrows) of non-transplanted, age-matched control APP<i>swe</i>-PS1ΔE9 mice (top, AD No Tx) compared with APP<i>swe</i>-PS1ΔE9 BMT recipients (bottom, AD BMT). Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar = 30 µm. <b>D</b>: Quantitative analysis of PHF-tau immunofluorescence using a standardized digital thresholding protocol demonstrated significant reduction of PHF-tau in APP<i>swe</i>-PS1ΔE9 BMT-recipients compared with non-transplanted controls (*<i>P</i><0.05, n = 6, one-way ANOVA analysis with Bonferroni <i>post</i> test).</p
Takayasu arteritinde karotis intima media elastikiyetinin SWE ile değerlendirilmesi
No full textThis study aimed to evaluate carotid morphology with Ultrasound (US) and arterial stiffness with Shear Wave Elastography (SWE) in TA patients and to compare results with disease activity. We searched the clinical archive and found 41 Takayasu Arteritis (TA) patients with carotid involvement had carotid US and SWE screening. Patients (n=22) with confounding factors that could affect the carotid wall were excluded. Nineteen cases that meet the inclusion criteria and 19 healthy control cases age-sex matched were compared. We evaluated right and left common carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) with B-Mode US and wall stiffness with SWE. We also investigated a relationship between disease activation and arterial stiffness. Carotid artery IMT was significantly higher in TA than in the control group (p<0.001). Median stiffness values for the carotid wall in TA were 28.3 kPa and 36.3 kPa on the right and left and in the control group 26.1 kPa and 28.1 kPa, respectively. The left CCA stiffness was significantly higher in the TA than in the control group (p=0.03), whereas the difference in right CCA elasticity did not reach statistical significance. A left CCA cut-off value of 52 kPa reached the highest accuracy with a specificity of 100% and a sensitivity of 36.8% in TA. No significant relationship was found between disease activation and elasticity value. SWE alone is not diagnostic but can be a useful adjunctive modality to gray-scale ultrasound in assessing carotid artery involvement with TA.Bu çalışmanın amacı Takayasu Arteriti (TA) hastalarında Ultrasonografi (US) ile karotis morfolojisini ve Shear Wave Elastografi (SWE) ile arteriyel sertliği değerlendirmek ve sonuçları hastalık aktivitesi ile karşılaştırmaktır. Klinik arşiv taranmış ve karotis tutulumu olan, karotis US ve SWE görüntülemesi yapılmış 41 TA hastası bulundu. Karotis duvarını etkileyebilecek kafa karıştırıcı faktörleri olan hastalar (n:22) çalışma dışı bırakıldı. Dahil edilme kriterlerini karşılayan 19 hasta ve yaş ve cinsiyet açısından benzer 19 sağlıklı kontrol olgusu karşılaştırıldı. B-Mode US ile sağ ve sol ana karotis arter intima-media kalınlığı (IMT) ve SWE ile duvar sertliği değerlendirildi. Ayrıca hastalık aktivasyonu ile arteriyel sertlik arasındaki ilişki de araştırıldı. Karotis arter İMK, TA'da kontrol grubuna kıyasla anlamlı derecede yüksek bulundu (p<0,001). Karotis duvarı için medyan sertlik değerleri TA'da sağ ve solda sırasıyla 28,3 kPa ve 36,3 kPa, kontrol grubunda ise 26,1 kPa ve 28,1 kPa idi. Sol CCA sertliği TA'da kontrol grubuna kıyasla anlamlı derecede yüksekken (p=0,03), sağ CCA sertliğinde anlamlı farklılık saptanmadı. TA'da 52 kPa'lık sol CCA cut-off değeri %100 özgüllük ve %36,8 duyarlılık ile en yüksek doğruluğa ulaşmıştır. Hastalık aktivasyonu ile elastikiyet değeri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmadı. SWE tek başına tanısal değildir, ancak karotis tutulumunu değerlendirmede B-Mode US'ye ek olarak yararlı bir yöntem olabilir
EE reduces the performance deficits of APP<sup>Swe</sup>/PS1<sup>L166P</sup> mice in the Morris water maze.
No full text<p>Average spatial memory performance during the acquisition phase expressed as escape latency over four daily sessions of four consecutive trials in 2- (<b>A</b>), 4- (<b>C</b>) and 6- (<b>E</b>) month-old APP<sup>Swe</sup>/PS1<sup>L166P</sup> mice housed in SE or EE (n = 8 in each group, <i>* P</i><0.05 housing condition effect, Two-way Repeated-Measures ANOVA). Average accuracy ratio of 2- (<b>B</b>), 4- (<b>D</b>) and 6- (<b>F</b>) month-old APP<sup>Swe</sup>/PS1<sup>L166P</sup> mice housed in SE and in EE, tested in the probe trial 24 h after the last acquisition session (day 5) (n = 8 in each group, <i>* P</i><0.05, Student’s <i>t</i>-test). Error bars represent SEM. (APP<sup>Swe</sup>/PS1<sup>L166P</sup> SE, APP<sup>Swe</sup>/PS1<sup>L166P</sup> mice housed in Standard Environment; APP<sup>Swe</sup>/PS1<sup>L166P</sup> EE, APP<sup>Swe</sup>/PS1<sup>L166P</sup> mice housed in Enriched Environment).</p
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