1,306 research outputs found
Speed of Publication of Statutes and Regulations in the United Kingdom, Canada, and the United States
No full textExamines reasons for typical delays in publication of statutes & regulations in UK,US, & Canada. Finds US federal laws published more slowly because of time taken to add marginal notes after enactmen
Legal Citation Form: Theory and Practice
No full textSets forth 13 principles as a basis for a system of legal citation forms, and critically reviews various rules in the 13th edition of A Uniform System of Citation
Psoriasis : observational studies on clinical course, economic burden and treatment
No full textBetter understanding of long-term prognosis, clinical course, comorbidities, economic burden, and treatment of psoriasis, can improve care of patients with the disease and may inform decisions on resource allocation, benefitting not only patients but also the society in general. The Stockholm Psoriasis Cohort (SPC), Study 1, was initiated to describe the clinical course or psoriasis. The SPC enrolled 721 patients with onset of psoriasis within the last twelve months. 542 (75%) patients had plaque psoriasis and 174 (24%) had guttate psoriasis. Patients were followed in medical records and registers, and among the 686 participants alive after ten years, 546 (80%) responded to a questionnaire and 509 (74%) were also examined clinically. Plaque psoriasis was strikingly persistent. Forty one percent of the patients with severe disease at onset had severe disease at ten years compared with 9% of participants with mild or moderate disease at onset (Relative Risk [RR]=4.3; pThe second study estimated all-cause and cause-specific mortality in 34,355 patients with mild psoriasis and 4,719 patients with severe psoriasis compared to 154,775 age- sex- and residency matched controls. The study found that patients with mild and severe psoriasis had excess all-cause mortality: Hazard ratio (HR) 1.15 (95% CI: 1.10 to 1.21) for patients with mild psoriasis, and HR 1.56 (95% CI: 1.36 to 1.79) for patients with severe psoriasis. Cardiovascular disease accounted for the largest proportion of excess mortality (48% in mild psoriasis and 33% in severe psoriasis). For patients with mild and severe psoriasis, the causes of death with the highest excess risks were kidney disease (HR: 2.20; 95% CI: 1.36 to 3.56), and liver disease (HR: 4.26; 95% CI: 1.87 to 9.73), respectively. The findings suggest that it may be valuable to screen patients with psoriasis for cardiovascular, kidney, and liver disease.Economic burden of psoriasis in 2010 and potential cost offsets with biologic treatment were estimated in Study 3, using data on 31,043 patients with psoriasis and 111,645 sex-, age- and residency-matched controls. Patients had higher direct and indirect costs compared to controls after adjusting for the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI): USD 3,555 versus USD 2,190 (p Study 4 described treatment patterns in 19,103 patients with psoriasis and estimated the one-year cumulative incidences of treatment events (discontinuation, switch, or augmentation) with topicals, systemics, and biologics at 93%, 72%, and 75%, respectively. Within one year of having discontinued treatment, the cumulative incidences of starting a new treatment was 49% for topicals, 61% for systemics, and 80% for biologics. These findings highlight the unmet needs across the disease spectrum and underscore the chronicity of the disease.Study 5 estimated real-world effectiveness of adalimumab and etanercept compared to methotrexate. After adjusting for confounders, adalimumab had better drug survival (HR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.51 to 0.88), lower mean predicted PASI (-2.0; 95% CI: -2.6 to -1.5) and DLQI (-0.9; 95% CI: -1.5 to -0.3) during maintenance treatment than methotrexate. The results for the comparison between etanercept and methotrexate were more mixed. These findings support adalimumab as first line systemic treatment for psoriasis, but further data, especially on safety and costs, are needed.List of scientific papersI. Svedbom A, Mallbris M, Larsson P, Nikamo P, Wolk K, Kjellman P, Sonkoly E, Eidsmo L, Lindqvist U, Ståhle M. (2021). Long-term outcomes and prognosis in new-onset psoriasis. Jama Dermatology. 157(6), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamadermatol.2021.0734 II. Svedbom, A., Dalen, J., Mamolo, C., Cappelleri, J. C., Mallbris, L., Petersson, I. F., & Ståhle, M. (2015). Increased cause-specific mortality in patients with mild and severe psoriasis: a population-based Swedish register study. Acta dermato-venereologica. 95(7), 809-815. https://doi.org/10.2340/00015555-2095 III. Svedbom, A., Dalén, J., Mamolo, C., Cappelleri, J. C., Mallbris, L., Petersson, I. F., & Ståhle, M. (2016). Economic burden of psoriasis and potential cost offsets with biologic treatment: a Swedish register analysis. Acta dermato-venereologica. 96(5), 651-657. https://doi.org/10.2340/00015555-2329 IV. Svedbom, A., Dalen, J., Mamolo, C., Cappelleri, J. C., Petersson, I. F., & Ståhle, M. (2015). Treatment patterns with topicals, traditional systemics and biologics in psoriasis–a Swedish database analysis. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. 29(2), 215-223. https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.12494 V. Svedbom, A., & Ståhle, M. (2020). Real‐world comparative effectiveness of adalimumab, etanercept and methotrexate: a Swedish register analysis. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. 34(3), 525-532. https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.15978 </p
Normative reconstruction and social character of freedom in Axel Honneth
No full textO presente objeto de pesquisa busca proceder ao estudo e identificação dos traços essenciais envolvidos na abordagem teórica das relações sociais e políticas trazidas na obra O Direito da Liberdade do filósofo alemão Axel Honneth. Faz-se uma análise da influência hegeliana sobre o conceito de liberdade, assim como dos fatores relacionados com o suprimento das carências subjetivas, mediadas pelas diferentes “esferas” sociais. Honneth, assim, procura trazer à tona a compreensão de um novo modelo de liberdade advindo da Filosofia do Direito de Hegel, o qual se distingue substancialmente dos modelos tradicionais. O autor busca evidenciar a limitação das teorias da justiça de tradição liberal, invocando a necessidade de uma visão integrada das relações sociais experimentadas nas esferas referidas por Hegel, concebendo-se uma experiência concreta de liberdade social. Nesse sentido, evidencia-se o caráter interdisciplinar e emancipatório do método de reconstrução normativa como base teórica para a justificação pública nas sociedades modernas.This research object aims to study and identify the essential traits involved in the theoretical approach of social and political relations brought in the work Freedom’s Right by the german philosopher Axel Honneth. It analyses the hegelian influence on the concept of freedom, as well as the factors related to the supply of subjective needs, mediated by the different social "spheres". Honneth thus seeks to bring to light the understanding of a new model of freedom stemming from Hegel’s Philosophy of Law, which differs substantially from traditional models. The author seeks to highlight the limitation of liberal theories of justice, invoking the need for an integrated view of the social relations experienced in the spheres referred to by Hegel, conceiving a concrete experience of social freedom. In this sense, the interdisciplinary and emancipatory character of the normative reconstruction method is evidenced, as a theorical basis for public justification in modern societies
The glyoxalase system as an example of a cellular maintenance pathway with relevance to aging
No full textCommentary on: Scheckhuber CQ et al. Modulation of the glyoxalase system in the aging model Podospora anserina: effects on growth and lifespan. Aging. 2010; 2:969-980
A categoria reconhecimento na teoria de Axel Honneth
No full textARAÚJO NETO, José Aldo Camurça de. A categoria reconhecimento na teoria de Axel Honneth. Argumentos, Fortaleza, v. 3, n. 5, p. 139-147, 2011.This article analyzes the category in recognition of Axel Honneth theory. To this end, the author
uses written juveniles of Hegel in Jena. During this period, Hegel develops a theory of
intersubjectivity that encourages the development of term recognition as a backdrop where
conflicts. This context, that Axel Honneth develops its critical theory in his struggle for Recognition.O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a categoria reconhecimento na teoria de Axel
Honneth. Para tanto, o autor recorre aos escritos juvenis de Hegel no período de Jena. Neste
período, Hegel desenvolve uma teoria da intersubjetividade que propicia a elaboração do
termo reconhecimento como um pano de fundo onde se dão os conflitos. É neste contexto
que Axel Honneth desenvolve sua teoria crítica em sua obra Luta por Reconhecimento
A LIBERDADE REFLEXIVA SEGUNDO AXEL HONNETH / REFLECTIVE FREEDOM ACCORDING TO AXEL HONNETH
No full textO presente artigo dedica-se ao estudo do modelo de liberdade reflexiva segundo o pensamento de Axel Honneth, exposto no capítulo A.II (A Liberdade Reflexiva e sua Concepção de Justiça) da obra Direito da Liberdade, realizado através do método hipotético-dedutivo e da técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica, a fim de verificar porque a reflexão do indivíduo realizada sobre os seus próprios atos e guiada apenas por suas intenções não representa o modelo orientador da concepção de justiça proposto pelo autor.The present article intends to study the model of reflective freedom according to the thought of Axel Honneth, exposed in chapter A.II (The Reflective Freedom and its Conception of Justice) of the work Law of Freedom, realized through the hypothetic-deductive method and the bibliographical technique research, in order to verify why the individual reflection carried out on his own acts and guided only by his intentions does not represent the guiding model of the conception of justice proposed by the author
Projection methods and scenarios for public and private pension information
No full textPublic pensions – the primary pillar of old-age income provision – will, in the future, be less generous than they have been in the past, in particular owing to the impact of demographic change. The pension gap is supposed to be plugged by the second and third pillars of pension provision. However, people require reliable planning information if they are to exercise greater individual responsibility. It is therefore absolutely essential that adequate information is made available about the level of pension benefits that will be generated by each pillar of old-age pension provision. This paper outlines a number of different means of presenting the level of future pensions and the assumptions on which such extrapolations are necessarily based. Our work is based on an assumed average rate of inflation of 1.5% and an average rate of real income growth not exceeding 1.5%. This last figure is derived from calculations made in the framework of a macroeconomic simulation model. This model also shows that while the funded pillar of oldage pension provision is not entirely immune to population aging, it is not substantially threatened by a substantial decrease in stock market prices, the so-called “asset meltdown”.
Persistence and costs with subcutaneous TNF-alpha inhibitors in immune-mediated rheumatic disease stratified by treatment line
No full textAxel Svedbom,1 Johan Dalén,1 Christopher M Black,2 Sumesh Kachroo2 1Mapi Group, Stockholm, Sweden; 2Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA Objectives: The objectives of this study were to 1) describe and compare treatment persistence with first- and second-line subcutaneous tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors (SC-TNFis) in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), or rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (collectively immune-mediated rheumatic disease) in Sweden and 2) estimate and contrast health care costs in the two groups.Methods: Patients who initiated their first or second SC-TNFi between May 6 2010 and December 12 2012 were identified from the Prescribed Drug Register. Persistence was estimated using survival analysis. Costs comprised specialized outpatient care, inpatient care, and medication. The persistence analysis was stratified by immune-mediated rheumatic disease diagnosis.Results: A total of 4,903 patients treated with their first and 845 patients treated with their second SC-TNFi were identified. Baseline characteristics differed between the two groups. Therefore, propensity score matching analysis was implemented. Second-line patients were matched to first-line patients, and four cohort pairs (AS, PsA, RA, and all diagnoses combined) were generated. Patients treated with their first SC-TNFi had statistically significant higher persistence than patients treated with their second SC-TNFi in PsA (P=0.036), RA (P=0.048), and all diagnoses combined (P<0.001) but not in AS (P=0.741). Patients who were treated with their second SC-TNFi incurred higher costs than patients treated with their first SC-TNFi.Conclusion: Overall, persistence to the first SC-TNFi was higher than persistence to the second SC-TNFi. Furthermore, the second SC-TNFi was associated with higher costs than the first SC-TNFi. Therefore, prescribing the SC-TNFi with the best long-term persistence first may be beneficial. Keywords: persistence, rheumatic disease, biologics, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondyliti
Outside the mainstream: an interview with Axel Leijonhufvud
No full textIn this article the author discusses with Axel Leijonhufvud, one of the world’s leading macroeconomists, a wide range of issues relating to disequilibrium dynamics, the costs of inflation, and the development of macroeconomics after Keynes. Leijonhufvud’s innovative work emphasises the importance of institutions, adaptive behaviour and bounded rationality
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