1,721,103 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Sequencing explanations to enhance communicative functionality.
Get PDFThe extent to which the segments of an explanation succeed in carrying out their intended function depends in part on ordering. A critical aspect of understanding an explanation is to integrate the concepts and propositions in the explanation with existing knowledge. Ordering should attempt to facilitate this integration and otherwise enhance the communicative functionality of the segments of an explanation. This paper presents a collection of ordering strategies that translate functional relationships between segments of an explanation into ordering constraints between those segments. The material presented here is one component of a functional analysis of explanation that has been applied to the design and implementation of a computerbased question answering system. Introduction The author's research is concerned with explanation as a communicative activity, focusing most recently on question-answering dialogues. Explainers do more than just provide requested information. Explainer..
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Usability of advertising preference tools on smartphones: AdChoices and Facebook Ad Preferences
Get PDFOnline behavioral advertising (OBA) is the practice of targeting consumers with ads based on data collected by tracking their online activities over time, and now across their devices. The online advertising industry in the U.S. has developed self-regulatory codes and practices over the past 20 years in response to privacy concerns raised by the Federal Trade Commission (FTC). These codes typically require providing notice that behavioral targeting may be occurring and offering consumers a choice to opt out of receiving behaviorally targeted ads. The FTC has raised concerns about how OBA practices affect consumers’ privacy in the mobile environment, due to the additional tracking technologies mobile devices afford. This research builds upon previous work that explored consumers’ comprehension of and attitudes toward OBA practices in general, and the online advertising industry’s notice-and-choice mechanisms in particular. It consists of two qualitative user studies that explored newer permutations of the industry’s OBA preference-setting tools in the mobile environment: AdChoices and Facebook Ad Preferences. These companion studies are related in that they both employ hands-on usability research of the live tools on mobile devices, document usability problems, and examine users’ mental models of what the tools do and how they function in the context of Norman’s (2013) Action Cycle. The results of both studies were consistent with previous research that has found serious usability problems that impact users’ ability to even find the tools, let alone understand what they do, and use them to exercise meaningful choice. Participants in the AdChoices study had limited awareness and almost no experience using the AdChoices icon; only one knew of and had used the Consumer Choice page for mobile web; and none knew about or had used the AppChoices mobile app. Participants in the Facebook study had some familiarity with its in-ad preferences controls, but most had never seen the account-level Ad Preferences tools. If users do not know these tools exist, it is impossible for them to be useful in helping users regulate their preferences for receiving behaviorally targeted advertising. Recommendations are made for improving the visibility and usability of these tools, but in the end, this only addresses a small part of a much larger problem. Online advertising is only the tip of an iceberg of the pervasive and often surreptitious practices of consumer data surveillance, collection, profiling, targeting, and algorithmic filtering that are deeply impacting our society.Ph.D
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Factors influencing use of a web-based community space for K-12 professional development
Get PDFThis study examines participation in an online community space developed to support K-12 professional development efforts conducted as part of a National Science Foundation Rural Systemic lnitiative-Hawaiʻi Networked Learning Communities (HNLC). HNLC was designed to contribute to science, mathematics, engineering, and technology system reform efforts of the Hawaiʻi Department of Education. HNLC's website, hnle.org, was designed to support the HNLC initiative and serve HNLC participants as an online community space. Results indicate that participants have not adopted hnle.org as a tool for their ownuse, and are instead using hnle.org almost exclusively during highly structured workshops where hnle.org use is required. Active participation in the online community is rare. Participant interviews and focus groups revealed that there exists a disconnect between the stated needs of educators and the offerings of hnle.org. Participants were primarily concerned with uses of technology by their students, while hnle.org is targeted to educators' own professional development efforts.M.S
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