209 research outputs found
Testing the efficacy of a school-based tobacco and supari cessation intervention in Mumbai, India
No full textBackground
Tobacco and supari (areca nut or
betel nut) use has been reported with a high prevalence among students in
secondary schools in Mumbai, India. Supari, which is classified as
carcinogenic, is one of the most widely consumed addictive substances in India
after nicotine, ethanol and caffeine.
A study was conducted to evaluate
the efficacy of a school-based psychosocial intervention for all forms of tobacco
and supari cessation among students.
Methods
A quasi-experimental trial with
three measurements - at baseline, Post-test1 and Post-test2 was conducted in 12
schools serving students with similar socioeconomic profile in 2015-16. Six
schools were randomly selected for the cessation intervention and 6 matching
schools were selected based on location and medium of instruction in comparison
group. In the interventions schools, students who self-reported tobacco or
supari use at baseline were assigned to receive a 6-session group cessation
intervention designed specifically for adolescents and school settings. All schools
receive a life-skills and tobacco prevention program called Super-Army.
Results
1313 students completed the
baseline in intervention schools; 212 self-reported tobacco/supari use, of
which 133 enrolled and received both Super-Army in classroom and 6 psychosocial
cessation sessions in group setting. In comparison schools, 1320 students
completed baseline; of which 191 reported tobacco/supari use and received only
the Super-Army prevention messages in classroom.
At Post-test 1,
conducted 4 weeks after sessions ended, reported use in intervention schools
dropped by 30% and in comparison schools by 28%. At Post-test 2, conducted 16
weeks later, in intervention schools self-reported use dropped further by 45%.
This was significantly different from comparison schools where users dropped by
13%.
Conclusions
Although classroom-based
life-skills curricula have an immediate impact on tobacco/supari use, the
addition of a specialized cessation intervention, even if psychosocial in
nature without replacement therapy, seems to have a durable effect on reducing
use
Analysis of Strategy in the Development of Siti Fadilah Supari Main Clinic of PKU Muhammadiyah Palu
No full textThe main clinic is one of the health service institutes that gives merit of health services like basic medical and specialized service to all public members such as one daycare and home care. This research aims at finding out the strategy system of development of Siti Fadilah Supari main clinic of PKU Muhammadiyah Palu. This research is a descriptive one that used a qualitative approach. The number of informants, and in this research is 3 people consisting of one key informant, one common informant, and one additional informant of the main clinic of Siti Fadilah Supari of PKU Muhammadiyah Palu. Research findings show that the strategy used to develop, based on human resource, facility and infrastructure, organization structure, fund resource, marketing, and environment has been good enough, however, there are some points in their implementations in the field that have not been maximally carried out at the main clinic of Siti Fadilah Supari of PKU Muhammadiyah Palu. In this research, it is concluded that the main clinic of Siti Fadilah Supari of PKU Muhammadiyah Palu seen from using SWOT Analysis was very good in the strategy of clinic development, but in the technique of implementation at the field has not been maximal, therefore it is necessary to prepare more massive strategy in all aspects so that quality of clinic can be increased and can develop more advanced
Gambaran Penentuan Tarif Layanan Kesehatan di Poliklinik Gigi pada Klinik Siti Fadilah Supari Pku Muhammadiyah Kota Palu: An Overview of Health Service Rate in Dental Polyclinics on Siti Fadilah Supari Clinic, Pku Muhammadiyah Palu
No full textPenentuan tarif yang keliru dalam klinik tentu akan berdampak buruk bagi keuangan organisasi klinik dan memberikan nilai negatif dalam profit klinik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran penetuan tarif pelayanan kesehatan di poliklinik gigi pada klinik Siti Fadilah Supari PKU Muhammadiyah Palu. Jenis Penelitian adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Penentuan informan dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan metode observasi langsung dan wawancara. Data penelitian menggunakan data primer dan sekuder. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penentuan tarif layanan dilakukan dengan cara pengambilan nilai tengah antara tarif layanan di Puskesmas dengan tarif layanan di Rumah Sakit. Penetapan tarif tersebut dilakukan tanpa perhitungan biaya satuan terlebih dahulu sebagaimana yang ditetapkan dalam peraturan pemerintah
RENEGOSIASI INDONESIA TERHADAP REZIM KESEHATAN GLOBAL: PENOLAKAN MENTERI KESEHATAN SITI FADILAH SUPARI UNTUK BERBAGI SAMPEL VIRUS H5N1
No full textIndonesia�s decision to stop sharing its H5N1 virus samples with international public health community in 2006 has prompted serial negotiations and diplomacy. Minister of Health, Siti Fadilah Supari, made the world concerned about this exploitative system (the virus samples would be used to make vaccines by developed-countries and then be resold to developing-countries with unaffordable prices) and she demanded the new WHO rules to be better, with fairness and transparency. Indonesia has support from many developing countries who feel similar position with Indonesia. David Heymann, WHO�s Assistant Director-General for Health Security and Environment, said �For the first time in decades, developing countries are looking at the WHO with mistrust.� This is about the most important case in Global Health Diplomacy within the last decade
Tackling the use of supari (areca nut) and smokeless tobacco products in the south asian community in the united kingdom
No full text The use of supari (areca nut) and smokeless tobacco products are seen as a major risk factor for oral cancer. There are increasing rates of oral cancer across the United Kingdom, along with the increase of the use of these products. This article examines the uses of such products amongst the South Asian Community and explores sensitive issues associated with the cessation of their use. Evidence-based recommendations are provided on how to provide advice and treatment to patients that regularly use these products. A rethink is also suggested on the policy of taxation of such products. CPD/Clinical Relevance: With the rates of oral cancer increasing across the United Kingdom, it is important for us as dental professionals to tackle the use of areca nut and smokeless tobacco products. </jats:p
The Impact of the National Economic Recovery Program and Digitalization on MSME Resilience during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study of Bank Rakyat Indonesia
No full textThis study aims to evaluate the impact of the National Economic Recovery Program—Pemulihan Ekonomi Nasional (PEN) and digitalization on micro, small, and medium enterprises’ (MSMEs) resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research is based on primary data from a survey of 6009 Bank Rakyat Indonesia customers conducted from March–June 2021. Using the generalized ordered logistic regression technique, this study found that a combination of new loans, credit restructuring, and/or interest subsidies was the most successful PEN for enhancing MSME resilience. Meanwhile, providing new loans merely improved liquidity, not sales or profitability. However, just providing a restructuring program weakened resiliency. This research also discovered that MSMEs that have been digitalizing for more than a year are more resilient than those that have not. This study highlights the necessity of offering several interventions for MSMEs and assisting MSMEs in going digital to improve MSME resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic
HUBUNGAN FAKTOR FISIK RUMAH TERHADAP KEJADIAN TUBERKULOSIS PARU DI WILAYAH PUSKESMAS KARANGJATI KECAMATAN KARANGJATI KABUPATEN NGAWI
Full text linkBerdasarkan data Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Ngawi bahwa penderita penyakit Tuberkulosis paru dengan BTA(Basil Tahan Asam) positif pada tahun 2005 yaitu 220 penderita. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan faktor fisik rumah dengan kejadian penyakit Tuberkulosis paru.
Penelitian ini dilakukan denga rancangan case control dengan pendekatan observasional langsung kepada responden denga teknik wawancara, pengamatan dan pengukuran (luas ventilasi, pencahayaan alami, kepadatan hunian, kondisi dinding, atap, jenis lantai). Sampel diambil dengan cara total populasi sejumlah 50 sampel yang dikakukan selama bulan April 2005 di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kecamatan Karanjati, Kabupaten Ngawi. Variabel bebasnya adalah luas ventilasi, pencahayaan, kepadatan penghuni, kondisi dinding, atap dan jenis lantai. Variabel terikatnya adalah kejadian penyakit Tuberkulosis paru. Data dianalisis dengan uji chi-square (alfa=0,05).
Berdasarkan uji chi-square didapatkan hasil ada hubungan yang bermakna antara kejadian penyakit Tuberkulosis dengan ventilasi (p=0,026), pencahayaan alami (p=0,016), kepadatan penghuni (p=0,015), jenis lantai (p=0,026), kondisi dinding, atap (p=0,016), faktor fisik rumah (p=0,05).
Kesimpulan yang didapat adalah sebagian besar rumah belum memenuhi syarat kesehatan karena 5 variabelnya ada hubungan dengan kejadian penyakit Tuberkulosis paru. Saran bagi instansi terkait perlu peningkatan pengetahuan tentang rumah sehat agar rumahnya memenuhi syarat kesehatan, sehingga penghuninya terhindar dari penyakit Tuberkulosis paru.
Kata Kunci: BTA positif, faktor fisik rumah, penyakit Tuberkulosis
THE RELATION THIYS FACTORS OF THE SANITATION WITH ACCURANCE, TUBERCULOSIS THE WORKING AREA OF KARANGJATI PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER (PHC) SUB DISTRIC KARANGJATI IN NGAWI
According to data in the health office of Ngawi regency, the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) in the years 2005 was 220 patients. The purpose of the study was to identify the relation physic house factor with incidence in the working area of Karangjati PHC(Public Health Center)in Ngawi regency.
This study was a case control type appling direct observational method. Data collection was done by using interviews, obervations and measurement (of lighting, home roof condition, the variaty of floor and the width of ventilation).
Sample take with population total fivety samples within the whole month of April 2005 in the working area of Karangjati PHC in Ngawi regency.
Independent variables were ventilation, natural lighting, variaty of floor, wall and roof condition and house-member density. The dependent variable was TB incidence. Data was analyzed with Chi-Square test (alfa=0,05).
According to the result of Chi-Square test , there was a significant correlation between TB and ventilation (p=0,026), natural lighting(p=0,016), house member density (p=0,015), variaty of floor (p=0,016), wall and roof condition (p=0,025).
The conclution of the study was that most houses at the working area of Karangjati PHC were not complying to the health standarts proven by 5 variables whidh institution to improve community's knowledge of a healthy house, fulfilling health standards, thus preventing the incidence of TB disease
Keyword : factors of the house sanitation, Tuberculosis Oc
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Pada Tema 6 “Lingkungan Bersih, Sehat dan Asri” Kelas 1 Di SDN Sumberarum 1 Semester II Tahun Pelajaran 2021/2022
No full textJenis rancangan penelitian yang digunakan penulis adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (Classroom Action Research). Subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas 1 di SDN Sumberarum 1 sebanyak 15 siswa. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada tahun pelajaran 2021/2022. Hasil Penelitian yang telah dilakukan yaitu pada siklus I skor aktivitas siswa sebanyak 68,7% kategori baik, sedangkan pada siklus II skor aktivitas siswa mencapai 100% kategori sangat baik. Pada hasil tes siklus I hanya ada 8 siswa atau 53% sisswa yang mencapai ketuntasan, sedangkan pada siklus II sebanyak 15 siswa atau 100% siswa tuntas
Tobacco and areca nut cessation programme for adolescent school students in Mumbai, India
No full textBackground
The prevalence of tobacco use among children aged 13-15
years is 14.6% and 15.5% of non-users
intended to start smoking in the next year.
School going children also consume areca nut
(“supari”), which is an easily available carcinogenic, psychoactive substance, acting
as a gateway product to tobacco use. This current and
intended use will exacerbate the burden of tobacco related morbidity and mortality.
LifeFirst
program was implemented in 15 schools catering to lower socioeconomic
population in slum areas of Mumbai in the academic year 2016-17 for helping
students quit their tobacco and supari use.
Methods
Orientation sessions about harmful effects of
tobacco and areca nut were conducted using audio-visual aids for 2379 students
of the 7th, 8th and 9th grades. Students were informed about the availability
of a cessation service within the school and encouraged to register voluntarily. The registered students were divided into
groups of 10-15 students each and six group-sessions involving videos, games,
role plays and activities were conducted over six months. The sessions were
theme based; covering topics like rapport building, ill-effects of tobacco,
coping mechanisms, refusal skills etc. The self-reported status of tobacco use
was recorded individually during each session. Extended 4-month post-program
follow-up was conducted.
Results
Of the 492 students (84% boys) registered for the program,
88% were only supari users, 10% used supari and tobacco, 2% only smokeless and
less than 1% only smoked. 67% were daily users. The mean age of initiation was
11.7 years and 79% were introduced to the product by their peers. 71% reported as
not using tobacco and supari at the end of the programme with 12% relapse
recorded during extended follow up.
Conclusions
Providing structured cessation services with
positive peer influence facilitated by trained counselors encourages and aides
tobacco and areca nut users to stop their habit
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