2,092 research outputs found
Topological micropatterned membranes and its effect on the morphology and growth of human mesenchylmal stem cells (hMSCs)
No full textTissue distribution of arsenic species in rabbits after single and multiple parenteral administration of arsenic trioxide: tissue accumulation and the reversibility after washout are tissue-selective.
No full textStudying Interfacial Reactions of Cholesterol Sulfate in an Unsaturated Phosphatidylglycerol Layer with Ozone Using Field Induced Droplet Ionization Mass Spectrometry
No full textField-induced droplet ionization (FIDI) is a recently developed ionization technique that can transfer ions from the surface of microliter droplets to the gas phase intact. The air-liquid interfacial reactions of cholesterol sulfate (CholSO(4)) in a 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-phosphatidylglycerol (POPG) surfactant layer with ozone (O-3) are investigated using field-induced droplet ionization mass spectrometry (FIDI-MS). Time-resolved studies of interfacial ozonolysis of CholSO(4) reveal that water plays an important role in forming oxygenated products. An epoxide derivative is observed as amajor product of CholSO(4) oxidation in the FIDI-MS spectrum after exposure of the droplet to O-3 for 5 s. The abundance of the epoxide product then decreases with continued O-3 exposure as the finite number of water molecules at the air-liquid interface becomes exhausted. Competitive oxidation of CholSO(4) and POPG is observed when they are present together in a lipid surfactant layer at the air-liquid interface. Competitive reactions of CholSO(4) and POPG with O-3 suggest that CholSO(4) is present with POPG as a well-mixed interfacial layer. Compared with CholSO(4) and POPG alone, the overall ozonolysis rates of both CholSO(4) and POPG are reduced in a mixed layer, suggesting the double bonds of both molecules are shielded by additional hydrocarbons from one another. Molecular dynamics simulations of a monolayer comprising POPG and CholSO(4) correlate well with experimental observations and provide a detailed picture of the interactions between CholSO(4), lipids, and water molecules in the interfacial region.X111010sciescopu
Simple Method for Simulating the Mixture of Atomistic and Coarse-Grained Molecular Systems
No full textCombining fine-grained (FG) all-atom and coarse-grained (CG) systems in a single simulation in a hybrid manner is of immense interest in recent times, owing to the possibility of overcoming the limitations of both FG simulations as well as CG simulations. The existing methods for combining these two resolutions tend to require heavy parametrizations or sometimes lack in transferability to other systems of interest, and further developments toward such directions are highly required. We report here a simple protocol to combine CG and FG systems in a single simulation, using the standard FG and CG force field models by adopting a series of small proteins as test cases. Our method makes use of virtual sites as reported earlier for relatively simple butane and dialaine systems (Rzepiela et al. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2011, 13, 10437-10448), to bridge the interaction between FG protein atoms and CG water. We find that the conventional CG model (MARTINI potentials) couples too strongly with the FG model and that it leads to complete unfolding of a test protein within very short time. We find that reducing the Lennard-Jones potential between CG atoms and virtual site atoms stabilizes the secondary and tertiary structures, sometimes almost to a comparable level with the fully atomistic simulations. However, detailed inspection reveals that this reduction is not enough for satisfactory consistency of the hybrid scheme against the FG simulation. As a remedy, we observe that the addition of as small as 4 angstrom thick position-restrained FG water layer in the hybrid simulation can further improve the structural behaviors in many respects, with its results closely mimicking those of the FG-only simulations. However, free energy landscapes reveal that this agreement with a restrained solvent layer is still accompanied by the overstabilization of the protein native structure, which will likely pose limitations for studying protein dynamics with the scheme. We show various test results that we have tried in optimizing the FG-CG mixing scheme over the course and discuss future prospects as concluding remarks of the present work.X111617sciescopu
Regulated, electroporation-mediated delivery of pro-opiomelanocortin gene suppresses chronic constriction injury-induced neuropathic pain in rats.
No full textMicrobiome profiling reveals a microbial dysbiosis during a natural outbreak of tenacibaculosis (Yellow Mouth) in Atlantic salmon
No full textTenacibaculosis remains a major health issue for a number of important aquaculture species globally. On the west coast of Canada, yellow mouth (YM) disease is responsible for significant economic loss to the Atlantic salmon industry. While Tenacibaculum maritimum is considered to be the primary agent of clinical YM, the impact of YM on the resident microbial community and their influence on the oral cavity is poorly understood. Using a 16s rRNA amplicon sequencing analysis, the present study demonstrates a significant dysbiosis and a reduction in diversity of the microbial community in the YM affected Atlantic salmon. The microbial community of YM affected fish was dominated by two amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) of T. maritimum, although other less abundant ASVs were also found. Interestingly clinically unaffected (healthy) and YM surviving fish also had a high relative abundance of T. maritimum, suggesting that the presence of T. maritimum is not solely responsible for YM. A statistically significant association was observed between the abundance of T. maritimum and increased abundance of Vibrio spp. within fish displaying clinical signs of YM. Findings from our study provide further evidence that YM is a complex multifactorial disease, characterized by a profound dysbiosis of the microbial community which is dominated by distinct ASVs of T. maritimum. Opportunistic taxa, including Vibrio spp., may also play a role in clinical disease progression.Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research OrganisationCanada Excellence Research ChairsUniversity of Prince Edward Islan
A biomass burning record from the Lingtai Loess Section during the last 370 ka and implication for climate and environment
No full textA class of Frattini-like subgroups of a finite group
No full textAbstractLet G be a finite group and π a set of primes. We consider the families of subgroups of G:F1 = {M: M ⋖ G, |G : M|π = 1}F2 = {M: M ⋖ G, |G : M|π = 1, |G : M| is composite}. Denote Φπ(G) = ∩ {M: M ϵ F1} if F1 is nonempty, otherwise Φπ(G) = G and Sπ (G) = ∩ {M: M ϵ F2} if F2 is nonempty, otherwise Sπ(G) = G. The purpose of this paper is to investigate these subgroups further
Genome Sequence of Poultry Pathogen <i>Riemerella anatipestifer</i> Strain RA-YM
No full textABSTRACT
Riemerella anatipestifer
is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium associated with epizootic infections in poultry.
R. anatipestifer
strain RA-YM, belonging to the serotype 1 prevalent in China, is a clinically isolated strain with high-level virulence. Here, we report the first genome sequence of this species.
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Resonant coupling of a SQUID to a mechanical resonator
No full textWe analyze the properties of a mechanical resonator embedded into a quantum SQUID and analyze under which conditions it is possible to realize a resonant coupling between the SQUID and the resonator. We find, within the present technology, how it is possible to tune the system into the regime where the plasma frequency of the SQUID matches the resonator frequency and maximizes the corresponding coupling. In these conditions the doubly degenerate quantum level of the system is split by the coupling between the SQUID and the resonator.QN/Quantum NanoscienceApplied Science
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