1,723,724 research outputs found
Kim, Sun-A
No full text학위논문(석사)--아주대학교 일반대학원 :분자과학기술학과,2011. 2인체의 뼈는 분해와 생성을 반복하면서 항상성이 유지된다. 뼈의 생성이 증가되면 골의 석회화가 이루어지는 반면, 뼈의 손실이 증가되면 골다공증, 관절염 등의 다양한 질병을 유발된다. 이러한 뼈의 항상성 조절에 있어 뼈의 분해를 조절하는 방법으로 osteoclasts 의 분화나 활성 억제에 대한 연구가 진행 중이다. Osteoclast는 골수 유래의 hematopoietic monocyte / macrophage에서 분화되는 세포로써 cell fusion을 통해 다핵세포가 만들어지며 TRAP발현이 증가되는 특징을 갖는다. 주로 RANKL나 M-CSF에서 분화된다고 알려지지만 최근에 LPS와 같은 염증유발물질에 의해서도 osteoclastogenesis가 유발된다고 보고됐다. 최근 연구에 따르면 지방의 섭취가 뼈의 turnover를 줄이거나 fatty acid가 osteoclast 형성을 억제한다는 내용의 연구들이 보고됐다. Fatty acid는 carbon chain의 길이와 functional group에 따라 그 종류가 다양하다. 이러한 fatty acid는 주로 에너지원으로 사용될 뿐만 아니라, 다양한 생체내에 process를 조절한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 면역보강제로 사용되는 medium chain fatty acid중 하나인 capric acid를 RAW 264.7 cell에 처리하여 LPS에 의해 유도되는 osteoclastogenesis에 대한 효과와 그 기전을 알아보고자 하였고, TRAP assay결과 LPS에 의해 증가된 TRAP 활성이 capric acid에 의해 감소됨을 확인하였다. 세포의 분화나 증식에 관여한다고 알려진 STAT3 activation이 capric acid에 의해 억제됐다. 또한 cell fusion을 유도한다고 알려진 iNOS 와 MCP-1발현이 감소됨을 관찰하였다. 따라서, capric acid는 STAT3 활성을 억제시킴으로써 cell fusion을 유발하는 NO나 MCP-1의 생성을 감소시키고 결국 LPS에 의해 유발되는 osteoclastogenesis에 대한 억제효과를 나타내고 있음을 보여준다. 이러한 결과는 뼈 손실과 관련된 다양한 질환의 치료에서 유용성 있는 가능성 있는 하나의 후보물질로서의 가능성을 제시해 주고 있다.INTRODUCTION 1
MATERIALS AND METHODS 4
RESULTS 9
DISCUSSION 21
CONCLUSION 24
REFERENCES 25
국문요약 32MasterOsteoclastogenesis is mainly derived from bone marrow hematopoietic monocytes/macrophages. Substantial increase in the concentration of osteoclastogenesis, leads to bone diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis and periodotitis. Therefore, regulation of osteoclastogenesis must be tightly regulated in the context of bone homeostasis. Previous studies have shown that fatty acids are related to bone density and reduces bone turnover. We have hypothesized that fatty acids might have a direct effect on bones, and we have extended this approach to assess the effects of fatty acid in osteoclastogenesis. Capric acid is one of the medium chain fatty acids and is an important ingredient of coconut oil and bovine milk. This study demonstrates that capric acid mediated inhibitory effects on osteoclastogenesis in LPS induced RAW 264.7 cells. Additionally, effects of capric acid cause inhibition of STAT3 activation thereby decreasing the production of NO and MCP-1
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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