1,720,975 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Desain dan Kinerja Emiter Tipe Cincin Irigasi Bawah Permukaan di Pertanian Lahan Kering.
No full textAir merupakan kebutuhan mutlak bagi kelangsungan kehidupan. Jumlah penduduk dunia yang semakin meningkat, menyebabkan kebutuhan pangan juga meningkat. Jumlah air tawar yang tersedia harus mulai digunakan lebih efisien. Salah satunya adalah upaya meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan air untuk irigasi yang mencerminkan rasio antara penggunaan air dan hasil panen. Terdapat dua cara dalam upaya peningkatan efisiensi penggunaan air untuk irigasi yaitu mengembangkan tanaman yang lebih hemat air dengan upaya rekayasa genetika dan penerapan teknologi irigasi untuk efisiensi penggunaan air.
Menurut data BPS (2015b), 70.53% wilayah Kabupaten Lombok Timur merupakan lahan kering. Pada lokasi penelitian, tersedia sistem irigasi permukaan bersumber pompa air dalam, dengan pipa air sebagai penyalur irigasi. Namun sebagian besar infrastruktur pipa air penyaluran irigasi mengalami kerusakan, sehingga memperbesar kehilangan air irigasi. Untuk itu diperlukan sistem irigasi yang lebih hemat air.
Sistem irigasi tetes bawah permukaan tanah sering direkomendasikan untuk mengatasi kelangkaan air di daerah kering. Sistem irigasi ini mempunyai keunggulan yang identik dengan sistem irigasi bawah permukaan tanah, namun keunggulan yang spesifik adalah air irigasi terakumulasi di daerah perakaran. Sistem irigasi ini memerlukan head tekan yang relatif kecil.
Pada sistem irigasi cincin yang merupakan sistem irigasi bawah permukaan, menggunakan emiter tipe cincin yang mengalirkan air secara melingkar di sekeliling akar tanaman untuk menghasilkan pembasahan yang optimal. Dengan cara pemberian seperti ini diharapkan air dapat menjangkau daerah perakaran tanaman secara cepat dan seragam. Pasokan air sistem irigasi cincin diberikan oleh tabung Mariotte yang merupakan sebuah tandon air tertutup yang memiliki tinggi tekan yang tetap sesuai rancangan. Kestabilan pasokan air dari tabung Mariotte dapat menjaga kesetimbangan tinggi hidrolik antara tanah, emiter, dan jaringan irigasi cincin.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) mendapatkan rancangan sistem otomatisasi pada mikrokontroler Arduino berintegrasi dengan sistem energi surya sebagai pemasok energi yang diimplementasikan untuk otomatisasi sistem irigasi cincin, (2) mendapatkan rancangan sistem irigasi cincin untuk tanaman semusim dan tanaman tahunan, sebagai upaya penghematan penggunaan air irigasi di lahan kering, (3) memperoleh nilai produktivitas air tanaman semusim dan jumlah irigasi untuk masing-masing tanaman dengan pengujian lapangan sistem irigasi cincin.
Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Pringgabaya Utara, Kecamatan Pringgabaya, Kabupaten Lombok Timur, Nusa Tenggara Barat. Waktu penelitian dari bulan Mei – November 2014. Desa Pringgabaya Utara terletak pada daerah pantai timur pulau Lombok dengan ketinggian <300 m dpl, mempunyai zone agroklimat E4 yaitu tidak mempunyai bulan basah dan bulan keringnya selama 8 bulan.
Berdasarkan pengujian awal, material porus yang digunakan untuk
membuat emiter tipe cincin adalah kain Legacy. Dimensi emiter ini untuk tanaman Cabai Rawit, diameter melingkar (d1) adalah 20 cm serta diameter silinder (d2) ⅝ inci; tanaman Anggur dan Mangga d1 = 40 cm serta d2 = ¾ inci; tanaman Srikaya d1 = 2 m dengan d2 = 1 inci. Pada lokasi penelitian, air irigasi telah tersedia di bak penampung air yang dapat dipakai sebagai sumber kebutuhan air sistem irigasi cincin. Penggunaan solar panel sebesar 100 WP, dengan lama penyinaran matahari 6 – 10 jam/hari, cukup sebagai sumber energi surya untuk sistem otomatisasi irigasi.
Untuk tanaman semusim menggunakan Cabai Rawit (Capsicum frutescens L.). Tanaman tahunan terdiri dari tanaman Anggur usia muda (Vitis vinifera L.), tanaman Mangga usia muda (Mangifera indica L.), dan tanaman Srikaya (Annona squamosa L.). Pupuk yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pupuk kandang. Pengendalian kelembaban tanah dapat menghemat pasokan air untuk tanaman. Sensor kelembaban tanah yang diintegrasikan dengan papan mikrokontroler Arduino dapat diprogram sebagai sistem pengendalian tersebut. Penambahan alat RTC module dan SD module juga menjadikan sistem sebagai data logger.
Berdasarkan hasil analisis sampel tanah, didapatkan hasil tekstur tanah berupa lempung liat berpasir (sandy clay loam). Sistem otomatisasi membuka katup solenoid saat kelembaban tanah mencapai 0.23 cm3cm-3 yaitu sebelum mencapai titik layu permanen, dan menutup saat kelembaban tanah yang naik telah mencapai 0.30 cm3cm-3 yaitu kelembaban telah mencapai kapasitas lapang.
Selama penelitian, dengan panel surya sebesar 100WP dengan penyimpanan baterai 45 Ah, telah mencukupi energi untuk sistem otomatisasi, data logger dan pompa air di percobaan tanaman Cabai Rawit. Sistem ini dioperasikan selama 63 hari, bersumber tenaga dari sistem energi surya.
Kebutuhan irigasi sistem irigasi cincin untuk tanaman Anggur 0.6 cm/hari, Mangga 3.2 cm/hari, Srikaya 1 cm/hari, sedangkan untuk tanaman Cabai Rawit sebesar 0.3 cm/hari. Berdasarkan hasil simulasi ketersediaan kelembaban tanah pada percobaan tanaman Cabai Rawit, dapat diasumsikan bahwa penurunan kelembaban tanah adalah 0.01 cm3cm-3 per harinya. Berpedoman pada hasil analisis tanah bahwa selisih antara nilai kapasitas lapang dan titik layu permanen sebesar 0.1 cm3cm-3, maka apabila irigasi diberikan hingga mencapai kapasitas lapang, paling lambat setelah 9 hari harus dilakukan irigasi kembali. Total pasokan irigasi untuk percobaan tanaman Cabai Rawit adalah 8446 liter, dengan total panen sebesar 4488 gram sehingga produktivitas air untuk irigasi tanaman Cabai Rawit adalah 0.53 gram per liter.
Sistem irigasi cincin efektif untuk percobaan tanaman Cabai Rawit dengan penghematan air irigasi hingga 80 %. Namun sistem irigasi ini belum cocok untuk percobaan tanaman Srikaya, karena tanaman tidak menghasilkan buah. Solusi ke depannya, harus ada desain khusus emiter tipe cincin untuk tanaman tahunan yang sudah menghasilkan buah. Sensor kelembaban tanah sebaiknya dipilih dengan harga yang lebih terjangkau tanpa mengurangi kualitas pembacaannya. Penggunaan sistem irigasi hemat air harus digalakkan oleh pemerintah, karena dengan sistem tersebut dapat mengubah kegiatan pertanian yang pada saat musim kemarau tidak dapat menanam, dapat diberdayakan dengan kegiatan budidaya pertanian
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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